BTS | Table 4-46: Estimated National Emissions of Lead

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Table 4-46: Estimated National Emissions of Lead

(Thousand short tons)

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	1970	1975	1980	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999
TOTAL all sources	220.87	159.66	74.15	22.89	14.76	7.68	7.05	5.47	4.98	4.17	3.81	3.92	4.05	3.93	^R4.08	^R4.14	^R4.06	4.20
Transportation
Highway vehicles	171.96	130.21	60.50	18.05	10.25	3.32	2.57	0.98	0.42	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
Aircraft	1.40	1.12	0.89	0.69	0.81	0.63	0.67	0.66	0.62	0.57	0.57	0.53	0.53	0.54	0.51	0.50	0.50	0.52
Total transportation	173.36	131.33	61.39	18.74	11.06	3.95	3.24	1.64	1.04	0.59	0.59	0.55	0.55	0.56	0.53	0.52	0.52	0.54
Fuel combustion	10.62	10.35	4.30	0.52	0.52	0.51	0.51	0.51	0.50	0.50	0.49	0.50	^R0.50	0.49	0.49	^R0.49	^R0.49	0.50
Industrial processes^a	26.36	11.38	3.94	2.53	2.13	2.16	2.27	2.40	2.48	2.27	1.92	2.05	2.18	2.27	2.27	2.32	^R2.24	2.35
Waste disposal and recycling	2.20	1.60	1.21	0.87	0.84	0.84	0.82	0.77	0.80	0.81	0.81	0.83	0.83	0.60	^R0.79	^R0.80	^R0.81	0.81
Miscellaneous^b	8.34	5.01	3.32	0.23	0.22	0.22	0.21	0.17	0.16	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
Total nontransportation	47.52	28.34	12.77	4.15	3.71	3.73	3.81	3.85	3.94	3.58	3.22	^R3.37	3.50	^R3.37	^R3.55	^R3.61	^R3.54	3.66

KEY: R = Revised.

^a Industrial processes comprise chemical and allied product manufacturing, metals processing, and other industrial processes.

^b Miscellaneous comprises other nonroad gasoline, engines and vehicles that could not be accurately allocated to specific source categories.

NOTES: Total lead emissions decreased sharply from 1970 to 1995 as a result of regulatory actions. The lead content of leaded gasoline was reduced dramatically in 1985. In addition, unleaded gasoline was introduced in 1975 for use in automobiles equipped with catalytic control devices. By 1995, unleaded gasoline sales accounted for 99% of the gasoline market.

The methodologies used to estimate emissions constantly evolve and undergo major changes. Improved methods are often used to revise estimates for previous years. Therefore, some estimates in this table may not match estimates produced in previous reports, and some trends may not be consistent across years in which major changes in methodology have occurred.

Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.

SOURCES: 1970-85, 1989-99: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Air Quality and Emissions Trends Report: 1999 (EPA-454/R-01-004) (Research Triangle Park, NC: March 2001), table A-3; available at Internet website http://www.epa.gov/oar/aqtrnd99/toc.html as of Sept. 5, 2001.

1988: Ibid, National Air Pollutant Emission Trends: 1900-1998 (EPA-454/R-00-002) (Research Triangle Park, NC: March 2000), table A-7; available at Internet website http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/trends/trends98/browse.html as of Sept. 5, 2001.

1986-87: Ibid, National Emission Trends Source Reports Database, available at Internet website www.epa.gov/air/data/nettier.html as of Sept. 5, 2001.