BTS | Table 4-29: Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Vehicles (a,b)

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Table 4-29: Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Vehicles^a,b

(Grams per mile)

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Engine type and pollutant	Prior to control^d	1968- 1969	1970- 1971	1972	1973- 1974	1975- 1976	1977- 1979	1980	1981	1982- 1986	1987- 1993	Tier 1ⁱ 1994-2003^b	Interim Tier 2ⁱ 2004-2006	Tier 2ⁱ 2007+
Gasoline
HC (total)	11	^g	2.2	3.4	3.4	1.5	1.5	0.41	0.41	0.41	0.41	0.41 ^(h)	^h	^h
NMHC	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.25 (0.31)	^h	^h
NMOG	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.125 (0.156)	0.100 (0.125)
CO	80	^g	23	39	39	15	15	7.0	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4 (4.2)	3.4 (4.2)	3.4 (4.2)
Cold-temp. CO^c	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	10 ^(h)	10 ^(h)	10 ^(h)
NO_x	4	^h	^h	^h	3.0	3.1	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.4 (0.6)	0.4 (0.6)	0.14 (0.20)
Particulates	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.08 (0.10)	0.08 (0.08)	0.02 (0.02)
Formaldehyde	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.015 (0.018)	0.015 (0.018)
Diesel
HC (total)	11	^h	^h	^h	^h	1.5	1.5	0.41	0.41	0.41	0.41	0.41 ^(h)	^h	^h
NMHC	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.25 (0.31)	^h	^h
NMOG	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h (0.156)	0.100 (0.125)
CO	80	^h	^h	^h	^h	15	15	7.0	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4 (4.2)	^h (4.2)	3.4 (4.2)
NO_x	4	^h	^h	^h	^h	3.1	2.0	2.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0 (1.25)	^h (0.6)	0.14 (0.20)
Particulates	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	0.60	0.20	0.08 (0.10)	^h (0.10)	0.02 (0.02)
Formaldehyde	^e	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h (0.018)	0.015 (0.018)
Test procedure		7-mode	7-mode	CVS-72	CVS-72	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75	CVS-75
Useful life (intermediate)^b,f		^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	^h	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles
Useful life (full)		5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	5 years/50,000 miles	10 years/100,000 miles	10 years/100,000 miles	10 years/120,000 miles

KEY: CO = carbon monoxide; HC = hydrocarbons; NMHC = non-methane hydrocarbons; NMOG = nonmethane organic gases; NOx = nitrogen oxides.

^a The test procedure for measuring exhaust emissions has changed several times over the course of vehicle emissions regulations. The 7-mode procedure was used through model year 1971 and was replaced by the CVS-72 procedure beginning in model year 1972. The CVS-75 procedure became the test procedure as of model year 1975. While it may appear that the total HC and CO standards were relaxed in 1972-74, these standards were actually more stringent due to the more stringent nature of the CVS-72 test procedure. Additional standards for CO and composite standards for NMHC and NOx tested under the new Supplemental Federal Test Procedure will be phased-in beginning with model year 2000; these standards are not shown in this table.

^b All emissions standards must be met for a useful life of 5 years/50,000 miles. Beginning with model year 1994, a second set of emissions standards must also be met for a full useful life of 10 years/100,000 miles; these standards are shown in parentheses. Tier 1 exhaust standards were phased-in during 1994-96 at a rate of 40%, 80%, and 100%, respectively.

^c The cold CO emissions standard is measured at 20 degrees F (rather than 75 degrees F) and is applicable for a 5-year/50,000-mile useful life.

^d The "Prior to control" column reports emissions estimates of a typical newly manufactured car in the years before exhaust emissions certification standards were implemented.

^e No estimate available.

^f Manufacturers can opt to certify vehicles for a full useful life of 15 years/150,000 miles and have either 1) intermediate useful life standards waived or 2) receive additional NOx credits.

^g In 1968-69, exhaust emissions standards were issued in parts per million rather than grams per mile and are, therefore, incompatible with this table.

^h No standard has been set.

ⁱ The term "tier" refers to a level of standards and is associated with specific years. Interim Tier 2 refers to an intermediate level of standards that move manufacturers toward compliance with Tier 2 standards. Interim Tier 2 and Tier 2 standards are established as "bins." Each bin is a set of standards for NOx, CO, NMOG, formaldehyde, and particulate matter; HC and NMHC standards are dropped for Tier 2 and Interim Tier 2. Manufacturers may certify any given vehicle family to any of the bins available for that vehicle class as long as the resulting sales-weight corporate average NOx standard is met for the full useful life of the vehicle. The Tier 2 corporate average NOx standard is 0.07 grams/mile. Interim corporate-based average NOx standards are based on vehicle type. The interim sales-weighted average for light-duty vehicles (LDVs) is 9.3 grams/mile. For LDVs, Tier 2 standards will be phased in at a rate of 25% in 2004, 50% in 2005, 75% in 2006, and 100% in 2007. During this period, all LDVs not meeting the Tier 2 standards must meet Interim Tier 2 standards.

SOURCE:

40 CFR 86, Subpart A (July 1, 2000) Federal Register, Vol. 65, No. 28, pp. 6851-6858.

Table 4-29: Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Vehiclesa,b

Table 4-29: Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Vehicles^a,b