Table 4-6M: Energy Consumption by Mode of Transportation (Petajoules),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,1960,1965,1970,1975,1980,1985,1990,1991,1992 ,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998 ,1999,2000,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Air,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Certificated carriersa,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Jet fuel,278,554,"1,119","1,077","1,213","1,441","1,770","1,639","1,675","1,703","1,777","1,825","1,878",1946,"1,977","2,051","2,114",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, General aviationb,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Aviation gasoline,31,37,70,52,66,53,45,45,40,34,34,36,37,37,39,44,43,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Jet fuel,N,8,30,65,109,98,94,82,70,65,66,80,87,91,116,138,142,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Highway,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "Gasoline, diesel and other fuels ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Passenger car and motorcycle,"5,430","6,558","8,952","9,793","9,256","9,456","9,200","8,507","8,655","8,869","8,978","9,003","9,155","9,244","R9,483","9,693","9,644",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Other 2-axle 4-tire vehicle,N,e,"1,624","2,516","3,138","3,609","4,696","5,040","5,398","5,651","5,818","6,014","6,245","6,513","R6,655","6,971","6,968",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more truck,N,"2,026",581,793,"1,013","1,083","1,223","1,196","1,205","1,242","1,322","1,349","1,377","1,401",R998,"1,371","1,397",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Combination truck,N,974,"1,075","1,343","1,908","2,049","2,361","2,460","2,519","2,597","2,730","2,894","2,955","2,971","R3,681","3,591","3,753",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Bus,121,128,120,154,149,122,131,126,128,136,141,142,145,150,R152,168,162,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Transitc,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Electricity,10,9,9,10,9,15,17,17,17,18,18,18,18,18,R18,P19,U,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Motor fuel,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Diesel ,30,36,40,53,63,89,95,97,100,99,99,99,101,105,R109,P112,U,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Gasoline and other nondiesel fuelsd,25,16,9,1,1,6,4,4,5,6,8,8,8,8,R7,P6,U,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Compressed natural gas,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,1,1,1,2,2,3,R5,P6,U,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "Rail, Class I (in freight service)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Distillate/diesel fuel,507,526,519,535,571,455,456,425,440,452,488,509,524,523,524,544,541,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Amtrak,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Electricity,N,N,N,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,U,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Distillate/diesel fuel,N,N,N,9,9,10,12,12,12,12,11,10,10,11,11,11,U,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Water ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Residual fuel oil,624,489,596,641,"1,414",725,999,"1,070","R1,037",834,851,930,900,791,888,922,"1,012",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Distillate/diesel fuel oil,115,95,120,161,216,249,302,299,325,315,320,342,R364,377,380,354,331,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Gasoline ,N,N,79,96,139,139,171,226,174,115,R115,140,131,130,126,145,148,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Pipeline,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Natural gas,378,544,786,634,690,548,718,654,639,679,746,762,774,817,691,702,701,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, KEY: kWh = kilowatt-hour; N = data do not exist; P = preliminary; R = revised; U = unavailable.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, a Domestic operations only.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "b Includes fuel used in air taxi operations, but not commuter operations.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "c Prior to 1984, excludes commuter rail, automated guideway, ferryboat, demand responsive vehicles, and most rural and smaller systems.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "d Gasoline and all other nondiesel fuels such as liquified natural gas, methanol, and propane, except compressed natural gas.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, e Included in other single-unit 2-axle 6-tire or more truck category.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, NOTES: The following conversion rates were used:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "Jet fuel = 37,626,700 joules/liter",,"Compressed natural gas = 38,657,950 joules/liter",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "Aviation gasoline = 33,501,698 joules/liter",,"Distillate fuel =38,655,829 joules/liter",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "Automotive gasoline = 34,839,537 joules/liter",,"Residual fuel = 41,723,829 joules/liter",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "Diesel motor fuel = 38,657,950 joules/liter",,"Natural gas = 38,413,974 joules/m3",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "Electricity 1kWh = 3,600,000 joules/kWh, negating electrical system losses. To include approximate electrical system losses, multiply this conversion factor by 3.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Numbers may differ slightly from previous year's metric tables because a higher precision conversion factor was used.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, SOURCES:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Air:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Certificated air carriers:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1960-2000: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information Internet site http://www.bts.gov/oai/fuel/fuelyearly.html as of Sept. 13, 2001. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,, General aviation:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1960-80: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Aviation Policy, Plans, and Management Analysis, FAA Statistical Handbook of Aviation (Washington, DC: Annual issues).",,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1985-93: Ibid., General Aviation and Avionics Survey (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 5.1 and similar tables in earlier editions.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1994: Ibid., FAA Aerospace Forecasts Fiscal Years 2000-2011 (Washington, DC: March 2000), table 29.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1995-2000: lbid., FAA Aerospace Forecasts Fiscal Years 2002-2013 (Washington, DC: March 2002), table 30.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, Highway:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1960-94: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table VM-201A (revised data obtained from internet site http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/ohimstat.htm as of Aug. 2, 2001). ",,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1995-2000: Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table VM-1.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, Transit:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Electricity/motor fuel/compressed natural gas:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1960-99: American Public Transit Association, Public Transportation Fact Book (Washington, DC: March 2001), tables 65, 66, 67, and similar tables in earlier editions. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,, Rail:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1960-99: Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: October 2000), p. 40.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, "2000: Ibid., Railroad Facts, (Draft), personal communication.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, Amtrak:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1975-99: Amtrak, State and Local Affairs Department, personal communication.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, Water:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Residual and distillate/diesel fuel oil:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1960-80: American Petroleum Institute, Basic Petroleum Data Book (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 10, 10a, 12, and 12a.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1985-2000: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 2 and 4, and similar tables in earlier editions. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,, Gasoline:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1970-2000: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table MF-24 and similar tables in earlier editions.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, Pipeline:,,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1960-98: U.S. Department of Energy, Natural Gas Annual 1999, DOE/EIA-0131(99) (Washington, DC: October 2000), table 94.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, "1999-2000: Ibid., Natural Gas Annual 2000, DOE/EIA-0131(00) (Washington DC: November 2001), table 95.",,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,