Table 1-51M:  Crude Oil and Petroluem Products Transported in the United States by Mode,,,,,,,,,,,
,1975,1980  ,1985  ,1990  ,1995  ,1996  ,1997  ,1998  ,1999  ,,
Crude Oil,,,,,,,,,,,
Tonne-kilometers (billions),,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,420.5,529.4,488.2,488.8,490.4,493.9,492.6,487.8,468.8,,
Water carriers,59.3,c565.6,655.8,425.1,361.6,295.5,215.1,172.1,146.0,,
Motor carriersb,2.0,3.6,2.6,2.2,2.5,2.5,2.5,2.3,2.0,,
Railroads,2.2,0.7,1.2,1.0,1.2,1.2,0.7,0.7,0.7,,
    Total,484.0,1099.4,1147.8,917.2,855.7,793.1,710.9,663.0,617.6,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
% of total,,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,86.9,48.2,42.5,53.3,57.3,62.3,69.3,73.6,75.9,,
Water carriers,12.2,51.4,57.2,46.4,42.3,37.3,30.3,26.0,23.6,,
Motor carriersb,0.4,0.3,0.2,0.2,0.3,0.3,0.3,0.3,0.3,,
Railroads,0.5,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
Refined Petroleum Products,,,,,,,,,,,
Tonne-kilometers (billions),,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,319.7,329.4,335.6,364.0,387.2,410.1,407.5,417.1,433.0,,
Water carriers,375.8,336.4,206.1,230.4,223.7,225.0,216.5,214.8,215.3,,
Motor carriersb,38.3,35.5,39.3,41.2,35.9,40.9,38.0,39.0,40.3,,
Railroads,18.4,17.5,16.5,19.4,23.2,23.4,23.7,23.7,26.6,,
    Total,752.2,718.7,597.6,654.9,670.0,699.3,685.6,694.5,715.2,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
% of total,,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,66.1,30.0,29.2,39.7,45.2,51.7,57.3,62.9,60.5,,
Water carriers,77.6,30.6,18.0,25.1,26.1,28.4,30.5,31.0,30.1,,
Motor carriersb,7.9,5.0,3.4,4.5,5.3,5.9,5.3,5.9,5.6,,
Railroads,3.8,1.6,2.7,2.1,2.7,2.9,3.5,3.4,3.7,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
Combined Crude and Petroleum Products ,,,,,,,,,,,
Tonne-kilometers (billions),,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,740.2,858.8,823.9,852.8,877.6,904.0,900.1,904.9,901.8,,
Water carriers,435.1,c902.0,862.0,655.5,585.3,520.5,431.6,386.9,361.3,,
Motor carriersb,40.3,39.1,41.9,43.4,38.4,43.4,40.4,41.3,42.3,,
Railroads,20.6,18.2,17.7,20.4,24.2,24.5,24.4,24.4,27.3,,
    Total,"1,236.2","1,818.1","1,745.4","1,572.1","1,525.5","1,492.4","1,396.5","1,357.5","1,332.8",,
,,,,,,,,,,,
% of total,,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,59.9,47.2,47.2,54.2,57.5,60.6,64.5,66.7,67.7,,
Water carriers,35.2,49.6,49.4,41.7,38.4,34.9,30.9,28.5,27.1,,
Motor carriersb,3.3,2.2,2.4,2.8,2.5,2.9,2.9,3.0,3.2,,
Railroads,1.7,1.0,1.0,1.3,1.6,1.6,1.8,1.8,2.1,,
"a  The amount carried by pipeline is based on tonne-kilometers of crude and petroleum products transported through federally regulated pipelines (84%), plus estimated tonne-kilometers of crude and petroleum products transported through nonfederally regulated pipelines (16%).",,,,,,,,,,,
b  The amount carried by motor carriers is estimated.,,,,,,,,,,,
"c   Reflects the entrance between 1975 and 1980 of the Alaska pipeline, moving crude petroluem for water transportation to U.S. refineries.",,,,,,,,,,,
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NOTE: Numbers may differ slightly from previous year's metric tables because a higher precision conversion factor was used.,,,,,,,,,,,
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"SOURCES:  1975: Association of Oil Pipe Lines, Shifts in Petroleum Transportation (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 6.",,,,,,,,,,,
"1980-99:  Ibid., Shifts in Petroleum Transportation (Washington, DC: Annual issues).",,,,,,,,,,,
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