It will be observed that the prohibition of section 12(a) with
respect to certain shipments or deliveries for shipment is confined to
those made by producers, manufacturers, and dealers. The terms
``producer, manufacturer, or dealer'' used in this provision are not
expressly defined by the statute. However, in view of the definition of
``produced'' in section 3(j), for purposes of this section a
``producer'' is considered to be one who engages in producing,
manufacturing, handling or in any other manner working on goods in any
State. 5 Since manufacturing is considered a specialized form
of production, the word ``manufacturer'' does not have as broad an
application as the word ``producer.'' Manufacturing generally involves
the transformation of raw materials or semifinished goods into new or
different articles. A person may be considered a ``manufacturer'' even
though his goods are made by hand, as is often true of products made by
homeworkers. Moreover, it is immaterial whether manufacturing is his
sole or main business. Thus, the term includes retailers who, in
addition to retail selling, engage in such manufacturing activities as
the making of slip-covers or curtains, the baking of bread, the making
of candy, or the making of window frames. The word ``dealer'' refers to
anyone who deals in goods (as defined in section 3(i) of the Act),
6 including persons engaged in buying, selling, trading,
distributing, delivering, etc. It includes middlemen, factors, brokers,
commission merchants, wholesalers, retailers and the like.
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5 For a discussion of the definition of ``produced'' as
it relates to section 12(a), see Sec. 570.108.
6 See Sec. 570.107.
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