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N-methylformamide
A water-soluble organic solvent. As an adjuvant antineoplastic agent, N-methylformamide depletes cellular glutathione, a key molecule involved in the antioxidation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals, thereby enhancing ionizing radiation-induced DNA cross-linking in and terminal differentiation of tumor cells. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate
A stable transition state analogue for an aspartate transcarbamylase- cartalyzed reaction with antineoplastic activity. N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA) is a stable transition analogue of the activated complex for the reaction catalyzed by aspartate transcarbamylase, the first step in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. This agent inhibits de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and increases the extent to which fluorouracil metabolites are incorporated into RNA. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

NA17-A antigen
A specific melanoma antigen protein derived from a patient (NA17) with cutaneous melanoma metastases. When administered in a vaccine formulation, NA17-A antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size. The NA17-A antigen is part of the enzyme N-acetyl glucosaminyl-transferase V (GnT-V). Approximately half of melanomas have been found to express significant levels of this atypical protein, which is not expressed by normal tissues. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nabilone
A synthetic cannabinoid and dibenzopyrane derivative with anti-emetic activity. Although the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated yet, it has been suggested that nabilone is a highly selective and strong agonist for the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, both of which are coupled to Gi/o proteins. The CB1 receptors are expressed predominantly in central and peripheral neurons and receptor stimulation has been implicated in the reduction of chemotherapy-induced nausea. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nadroparin calcium
A low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) composed of a heterogeneous mixture of sulfated polysaccharide glycosaminoglycan chains obtained by depolymerisation of porcine mucosal sodium heparin, extraction/purification and conversion to the calcium salt. Nadroparin binds to antithrombin III (ATIII) and inhibits the activity of activated factor X (factor Xa), thereby inhibiting the final common pathway of the coagulation cascade and preventing the formation of a cross-linked fibrin clot. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nafoxidine hydrochloride
The hydrochloride salt of the partial estrogen antagonist nafoxidine. Nafoxidine competes with endogenous estrogen for binding to specific estrogen receptors. This agent also inhibits angiogenesis in some tissues by blocking the effects of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); paradoxically, it may enhance angiogenesis in uterine tissue. Nafoxidine also induces oxidative stress, protein kinase C and calcium signaling. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

naloxone hydrochloride
The hydrochloride salt of naloxone, a thebaine derivate with opioid antagonist activity. Naloxone binds to opioid receptors in the CNS in a competitve manner, reversing or inhibiting characteristic opioid effects, including analgesia, euphoria, sedation, respiratory depression, miosis, bradycardia, and physical dependence. This agent binds to mu-opioid receptors with a high affinity, and a lesser degree to kappa- and gamma-opioid receptors. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

naltrexone hydrochloride
The hydrochloride salt of naltrexone, a noroxymorphone derivative with competitive opioid antagonistic activity. Naltrexone and its metabolite 6-beta-naltrexol reverse the effects of opioids by binding to various opioid receptors in the central nervous system CNS), including the mu-, kappa- and gamma-opioid receptors; opioid effects of analgesia, euphoria, sedation, respiratory depression, miosis, bradycardia, and physical dependence are inhibited. Naltrexone is longer-acting and more potent compared to naloxone. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Namenda
(Other name for: memantine hydrochloride)

nandrolone decanoate
The decanoate salt form of nandrolone, an anabolic steroid analog of testosterone with androgenic, anabolic, and erythropoietin stimulating effects. Nandrolone enters the cell and binds to and activates specific nuclear androgen receptors in responsive tissue, including the prostate, seminal vesicles, scrotum, penis, larynx, hair follicles, muscle, and bone. The resulting activated hormone receptor complex translocates into the nucleus and binds to androgen response elements (ARE) in the promoter region of targeted genes, where the complex promotes gene expression necessary for maintaining male sex characteristics. Mimicking the negative feedback mechanism of testosterone, nandrolone decanoate also suppresses the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH). Furthermore, this agent also stimulates erythropoietin production by enhancing the production of erythropoietic stimulating factors. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nanoparticle albumin-bound docetaxel
A nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of the taxane docetaxel with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel is a semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree Taxus baccata. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory properties by inducing various mediators of the inflammatory response. This nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of the nonionic solubilizer Cremophor ELP, permitting the administration of larger doses of docetaxel while avoiding Cremophor ELP-associated toxicity. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nanoparticle albumin-bound rapamycin
The macrolide antibiotic rapamycin bound to nanoparticle albumin with immunosuppressant (see sirolimus) and potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rapamycin binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate a complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. In turn, inhibition of mTOR may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI-3) kinase/Akt pathway and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) secretion, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. The binding of water-insoluble rapamycin to nanoparticle albumin permits the albumin-mediated endocytosis of rapamycin by tumor cells and endothelial cells. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

naproxen
A propionic acid derivative and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities. Naproxen inhibits the activity of the enzymes cyclo-oxygenase I and II, resulting in a decreased formation of precursors of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. The resulting decrease in prostaglandin synthesis is responsible for the therapeutic effects of naproxen. Naproxen also causes a decrease in the formation of thromboxane A2 synthesis, by thromboxane synthase, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Narcan
(Other name for: naloxone hydrochloride)

Naropin
(Other name for: ropivacaine hydrochloride)

Nasalfent
(Other name for: fentanyl citrate pectin-based nasal spray)

Natrecor
(Other name for: nesiritide)

natural human interferon alpha OPC-18
A proprietary preparation of natural human interferon alpha (IFN alpha) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Natural human interferon alpha OPC-18 binds to cell-surface IFN alpha receptors (IFNARs), resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, and immune-modulating effects. IFN alpha is a type I interferon produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells when exposed to live or inactivated virus, double-stranded RNA, or bacterial products and is the primary interferon produced by virus-induced leukocyte cultures. In addition to its pronounced antiviral activity, it activates NK cells. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Navelbine
(Other name for: vinorelbine ditartrate)

NB1011
A small molecule phosphoramidate derivative of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively active against tumor cells expressing high levels of thymidylate synthase (TS), BVdU pronucleotide analogue NB1011 is converted intracellularly by TS to bromovinyldeoxyuridine monophosphate (BVdUMP) which competes with the natural substrate, deoxyuridine monophosphate, for binding to TS. Unlike TS inhibitors, this agent is a reversible substrate for TS catalysis. Thus, TS retains activity and converts BVdUMP into cytotoxic metabolites. As key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of dTMP, TS is an enzyme critical to DNA biosynthesis and is overexpressed in many solid tumors. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Nebcin
(Other name for: tobramycin sulfate)

nedaplatin
A second-generation cisplatin analogue with antineoplastic activity. Containing a novel ring structure in which glycolate is bound to the platinum by a bidentate ligand, nedaplatin forms reactive platinum complexes that bind to nucelophillic groups in DNA, resulting in intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, apoptosis and cell death. This agent appears to be less nephrotoxic and neurotoxic compared to both cisplatin and carboplatin. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nelarabine
An arabinonucleoside antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. Nelarabine is demethoxylated by adenosine deaminase to become biologically active 9-beta-D-arabinosylguanine (ara-G); ara-G incorporates into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and inducing an S phase-dependent apoptosis of tumor cells. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nelfinavir mesylate
The mesylate salt form of the antiviral agent nelfinavir. Nelfinavir selectively inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease, thereby preventing cleavage of the gag-pol viral polyprotein and resulting in the release of immature, noninfectious virions. In vivo, this agent exhibits broad tissue distribution compared to related agents. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Neo-Oestronol I
(Other name for: diethylstilbestrol)

Neogest
(Other name for: norgestrel)

Neoquin
(Other name for: apaziquone)

Neoral
(Other name for: cyclosporine)

Neosar
(Other name for: cyclophosphamide)

Neoscan
(Other name for: gallium citrate Ga 67)

Neovastat
(Other name for: shark cartilage extract AE-941)

Neptazane
(Other name for: methazolamide)

nesiritide
A recombinant version of the cardiac neurohormone, human B-type natriuretic peptide (hBNP) produced by the ventricular myocardium. Nesiritide binds to natriuretic peptide receptors on vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, through which it triggers guanylate cyclase dependent signal transduction resulting in increase of intracellular concentrations of cGMP. This leads to smooth muscle cell relaxation causing arterial and venous dilatation. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Neulasta
(Other name for: pegfilgrastim)

Neumega
(Other name for: recombinant interleukin-11)

Neupogen
(Other name for: filgrastim)

Neuradiab
(Other name for: iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody 81C6)

Neurontin
(Other name for: gabapentin)

Neutrexin
(Other name for: trimetrexate glucuronate)

Nexavar
(Other name for: sorafenib tosylate)

Nexium
(Other name for: esomeprazole magnesium)

NG-monomethyl-L-arginine
An amino acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine inhibits the enzyme nitric oxide synthase, resulting in a diminution of nitrous oxide production. This agent may inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

niacin
A water-soluble vitamin belonging to the vitamin B family, which occurs in many animal and plant tissues, with antihyperlipidemic activity. Niacin is converted to its active form niacinamide, which is a component of the coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its phosphate form, NADP. These coenzymes play an important role in tissue respiration and in glycogen, lipid, amino acid, protein, and purine metabolism. Although the exact mechanism of action by which niacin lowers cholesterol is not fully understood, it may act by inhibiting the synthesis of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), inhibiting the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue, increasing lipoprotein lipase activity, and reducing the hepatic synthesis of VLDL-C and LDL-C. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

niacinamide
The active form of vitamin B3 and a component of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Niacinamide acts as a chemo- and radio-sensitizing agent by enhancing tumor blood flow, thereby reducing tumor hypoxia. This agent also inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, enzymes involved in the rejoining of DNA strand breaks induced by radiation or chemotherapy. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nicotine
A plant alkaloid, found in the tobacco plant, and addictive central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that causes either ganglionic stimulation in low doses or ganglionic blockage in high doses. Nicotine acts as an agonist at the nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the autonomic ganglia, at neuromuscular junctions, and in the adrenal medulla and the brain. Nicotine's CNS-stimulating activities may be mediated through the release of several neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, beta-endorphin, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and ACTH. As a result, peripheral vasoconstriction, tachycardia, and elevated blood pressure may be observed with nicotine intake. This agent may also stimulate the chemoreceptor trigger zone, thereby inducing nausea and vomiting. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Niferex
(Other name for: iron)

nifurtimox
A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and potential antineoplastic activities. Nifurtimox is reduced by cytosol enzymes or flavin-containing microsomal enzymes to a highly reactive nitro anion free radical; autooxidation of the nitro anion free radical generates cytotoxic superoxide anion (02-). In addition, nifurtimox-derived nitro anion free radicals may alkylate macromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins, resulting in the disruption of their structure and function. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Nilandron
(Other name for: nilutamide)

nilotinib
An orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl protein of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. This agent also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) and c-kit, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated and constitutively activated in most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). With a binding mode that is energetically more favorable than that of imatinib, nilotinib has been shown to have an approximately 20-fold increased potency in kinase and proliferation assays compared to imatinib. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nilutamide
A synthetic, nonsteroidal agent with antiandrogenic properties. Nilutamide preferentially binds to androgen receptors and blocks androgen receptor activation by testosterone and other androgens; this agent may inhibit androgen-dependent growth of normal and neoplastic prostate cells. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Nimotop
(Other name for: nimodipine)

nimotuzumab
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Nimotuzumab binds to and inhibits EGFR, resulting in growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress EGFR. This agent may act synergistically with radiation therapy. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nimustine
A nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Nimustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby causing DNA fragmentation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Nipent
(Other name for: pentostatin)

nitric oxide-releasing acetylsalicylic acid derivative
A nitric oxide (NO) donating derivative of acetylsalicyclic acid with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antithrombotic, gastroprotective and potential antitumor activities. The acetylsalicylic acid derivative moiety of this agent inhibits the activities of cyclooxygenase (COX) I and II, preventing the formation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. A reduction in prostaglandin synthesis accounts for this agent's anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic activities; a reduction in thromboxane A2 synthesis results in an irreversible inhibition of platelet aggregation. NO donation by this agent, after cleavage from the acetylsalicylic acid derivative in vivo, may protect the gastric mucosa against the damaging effects of the aspirin derivative by modulating prostaglandins. In tumor cells, the NO donating moiety may block the cell cycle in the G1 and G2 phases and may induce apoptosis through caspase-mediated mechanisms. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nitroglycerin
An organic nitrate with vasodilator activity. Nitroglycerin is converted into nitric oxide (NO) in smooth muscle and activates guanylyl cyclase, thereby increasing cGMP concentration, and resulting in smooth muscle relaxation. Dilatation of the veins results in decreased venous return to the heart, thereby decreasing left ventricular volume (reduced preload) and decreasing myocardial oxygen requirements. Arteriolar relaxation reduces arteriolar resistance (reduced afterload), thereby decreasing myocardial oxygen demands. In addition, nitroglycerin causes coronary artery dilatation, thereby improving myocardial blood distribution. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Nizoral
(Other name for: ketoconazole)

NM-3
An orally bioavailable antiangiogenic isocoumarin with potential antineoplastic activity. NM-3 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic growth factor, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. This agent also induces apoptosis by a mechanism involving reactive oxygen species. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

NMPRTase inhibitor APO866
A small molecule with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. NMPRTase inhibitor APO866 binds to and inhibits nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NMPRTase), inhibiting the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) from niacinamide (vitamin B3), which may deplete energy reserves in metabolically active tumor cells and induce tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit tumor cell prioduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. The coenzyme NAD+ plays an essential role in cellular redox reactions, including the redox reaction linking the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

nolatrexed dihydrochloride
The dihydrochloride salt of nolatrexed, a water-soluble lipophilic quinazoline folate analog with antineoplastic activity. Nolatrexed occupies the folate binding site of thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of thymidylate synthase activity and thymine nucleotide synthesis with subsequent inhibition of DNA replication, DNA damage, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and caspase-dependent apoptosis. This agent also exhibits radiosensitizing activity. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Nolvadex
(Other name for: tamoxifen citrate)

nordihydroguaiaretic acid
A naturally occurring antioxidant dicatechol originally derived from the creosote bush Larrea divaricatta with antipromoter, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) directly inhibits activation of two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and the c-erbB2/HER2/neu receptor, resulting in decreased proliferation of susceptible tumor cell populations. This agent may induce apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations as a result of disruption of the actin cytoskeleton in association with the activation of stress activated protein kinases (SAPKs). In addition, NDGA inhibits arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase (5LOX), resulting in diminished synthesis of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrines; it may prevent leukocyte infiltration into tissues and the release of reactive oxygen species and, at higher concentrations, may also inhibit cyclooxygenase. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

norethindrone acetate
The orally bioavailable acetate salt of norethindrone, a synthetic progestin with some anabolic, estrogenic, and androgenic activities. As do all progestins, norethindrone binds to and activates nuclear progesterone receptors (PRs) in target tissues such as the pituitary and reproductive system; ligand-receptor complexes are translocated to the nucleus where they bind to progesterone response elements (PREs) located on target genes, followed by various transcriptional events and histone acetylation. Physiological effects include the inhibition of luteinizing hormone (LH) release, an increase in the endometrial luteal-phase, and alterations in endocervical mucus secretion. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

norgestrel
A synthetic progestin commonly used alone or in combination with an estrogen for contraception. Norgestrel suppresses the secretion of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones (LH and FSH), thickens cervical mucus, and slows the transit of ova through the fallopian tubes. This agent also exhibits antiproliferative activity in endometrial tissue and may exhibit chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities in endometrial carcinoma. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Norlutin
(Other name for: norethindrone acetate)

Norplant
(Other name for: levonorgestrel)

Norvir
(Other name for: ritonavir)

noscapine hydrochloride
The orally bioavailable hydrochloride salt of the opioid agonist noscapine, a phthalideisoquinoline alkaloid derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum, with mild analgesic, antitussive, and potential antineoplastic activities. Noscapine binds to tubulin and alters its conformation, resulting in a disruption of the dynamics of microtubule assembly (by increasing the time that microtubules spend idle in a paused state) and, subsequently, the inhibition of mitosis and tumor cell death. Unlike other tubulin inhibitors such as the taxanes and vinca alkaloids, noscapine does not affect microtubule polymerization. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Novantrone
(Other name for: mitoxantrone hydrochloride)

Novarel
(Other name for: recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin)

NovaSoy
(Other name for: soy isoflavones)

Novolauden
(Other name for: hydromorphone hydrochloride)

Noxafil
(Other name for: posaconazole)

Nplate
(Other name for: romiplostim)

nucleotide analogue GS 9219
A prodrug of the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogue 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)guanine (PMEG) with potential antineoplastic activity. Formulated to selectively accumulate in lymphocytes, nucleotide analogue GS 9219 is converted to its active metabolite, PMEG diphosphate (PMEGpp), via enzymatic hydrolysis, deamination, and phosphorylation; subsequently, PMEGpp is incorporated into nascent DNA chains by DNA polymerases, which may result in the termination of DNA synthesis, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible lymphoma cell populations. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

Nutracort
(Other name for: therapeutic hydrocortisone)

Nuvion
(Other name for: visilizumab)

NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine
A cancer vaccine consisting of an immunogenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen (NY-ESO-1), an antigen found in normal testis and various tumors. Vaccination with NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to cells expressing NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

NY-ESO-1 plasmid DNA cancer vaccine
A plasmid DNA encoding an immunogenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon adninstration, NY-ESO-1 plasmid DNA cancer vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. NY-ESO-1 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) found in normal testes and expressed on the surfaces of various tumor cells, including melanoma, breast, bladder, prostate, lung, ovarian, and hepatocellular tumor cells. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 HLA class I/II peptide vaccine
A cancer vaccine containing HLA class I- and II-binding peptides derived from the NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 cancer/testis antigen with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 HLA class I/II peptide vaccine may induce a cytotoxic immune response against tumor cells that over-express NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1. Rarely expressed by normal cells, the NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 cancer/testis antigen has been shown to be preferentially expressed on the surface of some cancer cell types. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

NY-ESO-1b peptide vaccine
A recombinant nonapeptide used as an antineoplastic vaccine. NY-ESO-1b peptide vaccine contains the amino acid sequence SLLMWITQC, derived from the cancer-testis tumor antigen (NY-ESO-1), which is expressed on tumor cells of many different types, including melanomas. Vaccination with this peptide vaccine may elicit strong humoral and cellular immune responses to NY-ESO-1-expressing cancers. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

NY-ESO-B
A tumor-associated antigen belonging to the family of immunogenic testicular proteins that are aberrantly expressed in human cancers in a lineage-nonspecific fashion. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed NY-ESO-1 mRNA expression in a variable proportion of a wide array of human cancers, including melanoma, breast cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma; and restricted expression in normal tissues, with high-level mRNA expression found only in testis and ovary tissues. The gene for NY-ESO-1 maps to Xq28 and codes for an 18-kDa protein having no homology with any known protein. NY-ESO-1 elicits a strong, integrated humoral and cellular immune response in a high proportion of patients with NY-ESO-1-expressing tumors and is under investigation as a cancer immunotherapy agent. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus)

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