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Astronaut Photography of Earth - Display Record

STS102-708-10

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	File Name	File Size (bytes)	Width	Height	Annotated	Cropped	Purpose	Comments
View	STS102-708-10.JPG	32101	515	512	No	No		From ISD PhotoCDs
View	STS102-708-10.JPG	115790	540	437	Yes	Yes	NASA's Earth Observatory web site
View	STS102-708-10.JPG	2389921	1286	1280			NASA's Earth Observatory web site
View	STS102-708-10_2.JPG	232314	400	398	No		Photographic Highlights

Large Images to Request for Downloading

	File Name	File Size (bytes)	Width	Height	Annotated	Cropped	Purpose	Comments
Request	STS102-708-10.JPG	83452	1031	1024	No	No		From ISD PhotoCDs
Request	STS102-708-10_2.JPG	207308	2063	2048	No	No		From ISD PhotoCDs
Request	STS102-708-10_3.JPG	531112	4127	4096	No	No		From ISD PhotoCDs
Request	STS102-708-10.JPG	2389921	1286	1280	No		NASA's Earth Observatory web site
Request	STS102-708-10.TIF	4424310	1286	1280	No	No

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Electronic Image Data

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Identification

Mission: STS102 Roll: 708 Frame: 10 Mission ID on the Film or image: STS102
Country or Geographic Name: ISRAEL
Features: DEAD SEA, SALT PONDS
Center Point Latitude: 31.0 Center Point Longitude: 35.5 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Stereo: (Yes indicates there is an adjacent picture of the same area)
ONC Map ID: JNC Map ID:

Camera

Camera Tilt: 26
Camera Focal Length: 250mm
Camera: HB: Hasselblad
Film: 5069 : Kodak Elite 100S, E6 Reversal, Replaces Lumiere, Warmer in tone vs. Lumiere.

Quality

Film Exposure:
Percentage of Cloud Cover: 25 (11-25)

Nadir

Date: 20010309 (YYYYMMDD)GMT Time: 120225 (HHMMSS)
Nadir Point Latitude: 31.6, Longitude: 34.6 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Nadir to Photo Center Direction: Southeast
Sun Azimuth: 227 (Clockwise angle in degrees from north to the sun measured at the nadir point)
Spacecraft Altitude: 131 nautical miles (243 km)
Sun Elevation Angle: 43 (Angle in degrees between the horizon and the sun, measured at the nadir point)
Orbit Number: 17

Captions

Salt Evaporation Ponds, Dead Sea

The complex of Jordanian salt evaporation ponds at the southern end of the Dead Sea has expanded significantly over the past dozen years. The western margin of the salt ponds marks the Jordan-Israel border. In August 1989, when the crew of Space Shuttle mission STS28 photographed the region, the northern extension did not exist and the large polygonal ponds in the northwestern and northeastern sectors had not been subdivided. In the view taken by the STS102 crew in March 2001, one can see that there has also been expansion at the southeastern end, and that levees now segment the northeastern wedge into four ponds.

Both sodium chloride and potassium salts are produced from the Dead Sea ponds. Salt-evaporation works are expanding throughout the world in response to increased manufacture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and other chemicals, for which salt is a principal feedstock. About 22.4 million metric tons of salt ( sodium chloride) were consumed by the chemical industry in 1996. Other uses are in human and animal nutrition, water conditioning, and road de-icing.

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