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Complications with the Use of Anticonvulsants in Pregnancy
PREVALENCE of EPILEPSY
WOMEN with EPILEPSY HAVE UNIQUE PROBLEMS
Difficulties Associated with AED
Clinical Dilemma
Safety of New AED ?
Hormonal Contraceptive Failure
AED Levels Decline as Pregnancy Progresses
Significance of Declining AED 1/4 - 1/3 of Women Increase Seizures
Risk of Status in Pregnancy
ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES
Congenital Malformations
Malformations
Pharmacokinetics / Pharmacogenetics & Teratogenicity
Neural Tube Defects & AED Exposure
Neural Tube Defects Association with Valproic Acid
DEVELOPMENTAL DELAY
NEONATAL HEMORRAGE
BREAST FEEDING
AED Kinetics in Plasma & Breast Milk
AED Kinetics “New AED”
Pharmacokinetics “Older” AED in Pregnancy
Conclusions
Exclusion of Women from Clinical Trials
Methods for Ethical Collection of Pharmacokinetic Data in Women with Epilepsy
Better use of Post Marketing Experience
Summary
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Last update: July 11, 2005
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