Thermometers and Gauges. Each piece of mechanical equipment shall be provided with the instrumentation or test ports to verify critical parameters, such as capacity, pressures, temperatures, and flow rates. Following are the general instrumentation requirements:
Thermometers and pressure gauges are required on the suction and discharge of all pumps, chillers, boilers, heat exchangers, cooling coils, heating coils, and cooling towers. To avoid pressure gauge tolerance errors, a single pressure gauge may be installed, valved to sense both supply and return conditions. For coils with less than 10 gpm flow, provisions for use of portable instruments to check temperatures and pressures shall be made.
Duct static pressure gauges shall be provided for the central air-handling unit air supply fan discharge, branch take-offs of vertical supply risers and at all duct locations at which static pressure readings are being monitored to control the operation of a VAV system.
Differential static pressure gauges shall be placed across filters in air-handling units and to measure building pressure relative to the outdoors. A temperature gauge is required at the outside air intake to each air-handling unit.
Flow Measuring Devices. Airflow measuring grids are required for all central air-handling units.Measuring grids shall be provided at the supply air duct, return air duct, and the outside air duct. Airflow measuring grids must be sized to give accurate readings at minimum flow. It may be necessary to reduce the duct size at the station to permit accurate measurement.
Water flow or energy measuring devices are required for each chilled water refrigeration machine, hot water boiler, pump, and connections to district energy plants. Individual water flow or energy measuring devices shall be provided for chilled water lines serving computer rooms and chilled water and hot water lines to out leased spaces. Flow measuring devices shall be capable of communicating with the central BAS.Water flow and air flow measuring devices shall confirm or validate ASHRAE 90.1 requirements.
Testing Stations. Permanent or temporary testing stations shall be provided for start up and testing of building systems. Connections shall be designed so temporary testing equipment can be installed and removed without shutting down the system.
Water Use Meters. See Section 5.24, Plumbing Systems, Domestic Water Supply Systems, in this chapter.
Indoor Air Quality Measurement. Vehicle garage exhaust fans shall generally be activated based upon carbon monoxide sensors within the garage. Carbon monoxide sensors shall also be located in all floor areas where vertical shafts penetrate the garage areas.
Table 5-6 Minimum Control and Monitoring Points for Typical HVAC Equipment
Central Air Handling Units
Start/Stop
Heating Control
Cooling Control
Humidification Control
Supply Air Reset
Static Pressure Reset
Building and Zone
Pressurization Control
Damper Position (economizer)
Supply Air Discharge Temp
Return Air Temp
Mixed Air Temp
Supply Air Flow Rate
Filter Differential Pressure
Air Flow Measuring Station
Refrigeration Equipment
Start/Stop
Leave Water Temp Reset
Demand Limiting
Isolation Valve Position
Leaving Water Temp
Entering Water Temp
kW Draw
Flow
Return Air Flow Rate
Hot Water Boilers Start/Stop
Leaving Water Temp Reset
Reset
Isolation Valve Position
Leaving Water Temp
Entering Water Temp
Flow
BTU Draw
Cooling Towers
Start/Stop
Leaving Water Temp Reset
Flow
Isolation Valve Position
Entering Water Temp
Leaving Water Temp
Terminal Boxes
Start/Stop
Discharge Temp Reset
Supply Volume Reset
Heating Control
Zone Temp Reset
Minimum Volume Reset
Zone Temp
Supply Air Reset
Zone Pressurization Control