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April
13, 2007 CO2
capture and storage can make a major contribution to CO2 reduction in
the To realize such reductions in CO2 emission, a clear and internationally-oriented vision and bridging strategy is necessary, so that the storage capacity that is released over the next few decennia can actually be used for CO2 storage says Damen. He investigated the technical possibilities, costs and risks of CO2 capture, transport and underground storage. Electricity
Greatest Potential
In 2020 15 million tons of CO2 per year could be avoided by capturing CO2 in the new coal-fired power stations yet to be constructed. Moreover, existing pulverized coal-fired power stations may also be equipped with CO2 capture installations, although the costs of this are relatively high. In 2050 the reduction potential is estimated to be 60 to 84 million tons of CO2 per year, for a scenario in which the electricity production is doubled. By capturing CO2 in industrial processes a further 16 million tons of CO2 per year can be avoided. Further if cars are run on hydrogen or synthetic diesel produced from fossil fuels combined with CO2 capture then this could eventually lead to a difference of more than 10 million tons of CO2 emission per year. For the production of hydrogen in the transport sector, Damen investigated the thermodynamic performance and costs of decentralized membrane reformers. This new technology makes it possible to capture CO2 against relatively low costs. CO2
Transport and Storage
Damen calculated the costs of the pipelines necessary to
transport the
captured CO2 to underground storage reservoirs. Gas fields are, in
addition to
deep saline aquifers and coal seams, the most suitable reservoirs for
CO2
storage in the The doctoral research ‘System analyses of transition routes to advanced fossil fuel utilization with CO2 capture and storage’ was part of the program ‘Transition to sustainable use of fossil fuels’ that was funded by the NWO/SenterNovem Stimulation Programme Energy Research. The program aims to develop knowledge in the natural and social sciences for the transition to a sustainable energy supply.
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