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Child Survival and Health Programs Fund
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($ in thousands)
| Account | FY 2005 Actual | FY 2006 Estimate | FY 2007 Request |
| CSH | 1,562,400 | 1,644,000 | 1,433,000
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The FY 2007 request of $1.433 billion for the Child Survival and Health Programs Fund (CSH) reflects the President's continuing commitment to improved health interventions that address critical health, HIV/AIDS, nutrition and family planning needs worldwide. Investing in the health of populations in the developing world can contribute to global economic growth, poverty reduction, strengthened governance and civil society, a sustainable environment, and regional security. The robustness of the global public health system directly affects health in the U.S. because infectious diseases know no borders. Expansion of basic health services and strengthening national health systems are key investments that significantly improve people's health, especially that of women, children, and other vulnerable populations. These investments contribute to transformational development and the stabilization of fragile states. In addressing global issues and special concerns in the health sector, USAID works to help eliminate the threats of HIV/AIDS, malaria and other infectious diseases that continue to threaten the health of families and children in developing countries worldwide. A major new focus for the use of these funds is the President's Malaria Initiative which will accelerate the fight against malaria, a major killer of children in sub-Saharan Africa. With respect to USAID's goal of addressing global issues and special concerns, USAID will continue to focus on scaling-up proven interventions that respond effectively and efficiently to the largest public health challenges, and will develop key life-saving technologies for the future. USAID health programs, whether promoting transformational development, supporting strategic states or strengthening fragile states, will continue to emphasize quality assurance in health care delivery, cutting waste and inefficiency, strengthening strategic planning and management systems, and developing host-country capacities.
The FY 2007 CSH request for USAID health programs will focus on the following areas and is consistent with USAID's Policy Framework for Bilateral Foreign Aid :
- HIV/AIDS programs ($325 million) using USAID's CSH funds are integrated within the overall policy and strategic direction for the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) which focuses on 15 African, Caribbean, and Asian countries. USAID plays a significant role in implementing the PEPFAR, which is directed by the Global AIDS Coordinator. CSH-funded programs are directed to non-focus countries; all funding for the focus countries are requested within the Global HIV/AIDS Initiative account. CSH-funded programs will focus on prevention, care, and treatment efforts, and the support of children affected by AIDS, including scaling-up treatment programs for those who have not previously had access to such life-extending interventions.
- The USAID contribution to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria is $100 million.
- Other Infectious Diseases programs ($382 million) will focus on the prevention and control of malaria, tuberculosis, avian influenza, and programs to combat anti-microbial resistance and disease surveillance. The request includes $225 million for malaria programs, including $135 million in new funding to support the President's Malaria Initiative. This initiative is focused on Africa and will be expanded to increase coverage from three countries, to seven. The goal of this initiative is to reduce malaria deaths by 50% in each of the target countries after three full years of full implementation by increasing access by 85% of the population to insecticide-treated bednets, indoor residual spraying, treatment for pregnant women, and introduction of artemisinin combination therapy. These approaches are effective in reducing both episodes of illness and deaths from malaria. Country-level expansion and strengthening of the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) strategy will continue to be the focal point of USAID's tuberculosis program. USAID will increase and strengthen the availability of human resources to support DOTS implementation, continue contributing to partnerships to address the challenges of multi-drug resistant TB and TB/HIV co-infection, and engage the private sector in DOTS. Avian influenza programs will focus on continuing communications campaigns to increase awareness of risks and appropriate behaviors to reduce transmission among human and animals, strengthening surveillance and diagnosis programs, increasing response capacity, and improving the effectiveness of planning and preparedness efforts so that countries are ready to respond to animal and/or human outbreaks. The request for these activities is $55 million.
- Child Survival and Maternal Health programs ($323 million) are designed to create and sustain systems and services that will reduce the number of deaths in children under the age of five and save the lives of women from pregnancy-related causes. About seven million of the nearly 11 million annual child deaths could be prevented simply by extending coverage of proven interventions, which have always been at the core of USAID's child survival program. These interventions include immunization, pneumonia and diarrhea prevention and treatment (including oral rehydration), polio eradication, micronutrient supplementation, safe birthing and antenatal care, improved child feeding including breastfeeding, and vaccinations. USAID is also working to revitalize nutrition efforts, including food fortification and food security, by making nutrition a fundamental component of all child survival and maternal health programs.
- Vulnerable Children programs ($9 million) will supports the Displaced Children and Orphans Fund which strengthens the capacity of families and communities to provide care, support, and protection for orphans, street children, and war-affected children.
- Family Planning and Reproductive Health programs ($294 million) will help to support access to information, commodities, and services for family planning. Such access will reduce unintended pregnancies, improve maternal, infant, and child health, reduce infant and child mortality, decrease maternal deaths associated with pregnancy, and reduce abortion. These programs are integrated with other basic health programs and services. Attention is being given to shifting funding strategically to countries with highest need and to graduating countries with mature and sustainable programs.
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