Technical Abstract: Little is known about the potential of enzymatic processes, which are sensitive to soil type and management, for the characterization of dust properties. These measurements may have potential to identify the soil source of dust that may allow the application of appropriate corrective measures in the source site. Dust (27 and 7 microns) was generated under controlled laboratory conditions from agricultural surface soils (0-5 cm) in West Texas, USA. The soils were sampled from continuous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) or cotton rotated with peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), rye (Secale cereale) or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and under different water management (irrigated or dryland), and tillage (conservation or conventional) systems. Both dust samples showed activities of beta-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase and arylsulfatase, which are related to cellulose degradation, phosphorus and sulfur mineralization in soil, respectively. Enzyme activities of dust samples were significantly correlated to the activities of the soil source with r > 0.74 (P <0.01). Therefore, as found for the soils in a previous study, dust generated from a loam and sandy clay loam showed higher enzyme activities compared to dust from a fine sandy loam. In addition, dust from soils with a history of crop rotations and conservation tillage showed higher enzyme activities in comparison to dust from soils with a history of continuous cotton and conventional tillage. The same trends were observed with arylsulfatase protein content in dust, which was 0.27- 1.09, 1.54-3.83, and 1.82-5.46 mg per kg soil in the fine sandy loam, sandy clay loam and loam, respectively. Results provide indications that the enzyme activities and protein content of dust have potential as a fingerprint of its soil source.