ARS | Publication request: ACUTE PHASE IMMUNE GENE PROFILING OF SPLEEN AND PEYER¿S PATCH IN NAÏVE AND VACCINATED CHICKENS FOLLOWING AVIAN INFLUENZA A (H5N1) VIRUS INFECTION

Submitted to: Annual Conference on Vaccine Research
Publication Type: Abstract
Publication Acceptance Date: April 20, 2008
Publication Date: July 21, 2008
Citation: Kim, C., Lillehoj, H.S., Hong, Y.H., Kim, D., Kapczynski, D.R., Keeler, C.L. 2008. Acute phase immune gene profiling of spleen and peyer¿s patch in naïve and vaccinated chickens following avian influenza a (h5n1) virus infection. 11th Annual Conf. on Vaccine Research, Baltimore, MD.

Technical Abstract: Recent advances in immunogenomic and proteomic tools are facilitating the characterization of complex host-pathogen immunobiology. In this study, we applied functional genomics tools to investigate the early immunological response of chickens to highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza virus (AIV). Infection with HPAIV usually results in the rapid death of poultry and has been implicated as a pandemic threat to both avian and animal populations because of their high mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to identify host immune genes which are associated with local immune response to HPAIV H5N1 isolated from Southeast Asia. Gene mRNA expression profiles isolated from spleen and Peyer¿s patch, from naïve and vaccinated chickens, were examined after infection with HPAI using a newly developed 10K chicken intestinal-intraepithelial lymphocyte cDNA microarray. Two groups (naïve or H5N9-vaccinated) of 4 week-old chickens were infected with H5N1 viruses. Comparative gene expression in the spleen and Peyer¿s patches were compared to that of mock challenged birds at 24 hr following AI infection using Volcano plot methods with p<0.05 false discovery rate. Differential expression analysis revealed that the immune response genes, especially those associated with inflammation and apoptosis including Ah221, CCL4, CXCR4, FCGBP1, DDX47, IL1R1, TNFSF10, TFNSF15, and XCL1 were significantly downregulated in the Peyer¿s patches of vaccinated chickens challenged with H5N1, compared to naïve-challenged birds. In spleen, Ah221, CCL4, CXCR4, IGHMBP2, IL1B, IL7R, IL18, MMP1, and TNFRSF1B genes were suppressed after H5N1 in the vaccinated chickens. These results suggest that the vaccination reduces the viral pathogenicity induced by highly pathogenic H5N1 mostly via the dampening of ¿cytokine storm¿ phenomenon.