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Astronaut Photography of Earth - Display Record

ISS007-E-13090

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	File Name	File Size (bytes)	Width	Height	Annotated	Cropped	Purpose	Comments
View	ISS007-E-13090.JPG	68242	639	435	No	No
View	ISS007-E-13090.JPG	92749	376	540			Photographic Highlights	(resized 540 px images)
View	ISS007-E-13090.JPG	118536	540	540	Yes	Yes	NASA's Earth Observatory web site
View	ISS007-E-13090.JPG	118536	540	540	Yes	Yes	NASA's Earth Observatory web site
View	ISS007-E-13090_2.JPG	195011	535	768			Photographic Highlights	(actual files used)
View	ISS007-E-13090.JPG	1991839	1000	1428	No	Yes	NASA's Earth Observatory web site	color corrected

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	File Name	File Size (bytes)	Width	Height	Annotated	Cropped	Purpose	Comments
Request	ISS007-E-13090.JPG	1116348	3032	2064	No	No
Request	ISS007-E-13090_2.JPG	6849077	6144	4068	No	No	Presentation	Earth Sciences Results Briefing/Ed Lu
Request	ISS007-E-13090.JPG	7151379	3032	2064	No	No	NASA's Earth Observatory web site	color corrected

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Identification

Mission: ISS007 Roll: E Frame: 13090 Mission ID on the Film or image: ISS007
Country or Geographic Name: PAKISTAN
Features: RAWALPINDI, ISLAMABAD, AGRICULTURE
Center Point Latitude: 33.5 Center Point Longitude: 73.0 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Stereo: (Yes indicates there is an adjacent picture of the same area)
ONC Map ID: JNC Map ID:

Camera

Camera Tilt: 24
Camera Focal Length: 180mm
Camera: E4: Kodak DCS760C Electronic Still Camera
Film: 3060E : 3060 x 2036 pixel CCD, RGBG array.

Quality

Film Exposure:
Percentage of Cloud Cover: 10 (0-10)

Nadir

Date: 20030821 (YYYYMMDD)GMT Time: 102502 (HHMMSS)
Nadir Point Latitude: 33.7, Longitude: 74.5 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Nadir to Photo Center Direction: West
Sun Azimuth: 257 (Clockwise angle in degrees from north to the sun measured at the nadir point)
Spacecraft Altitude: 202 nautical miles (374 km)
Sun Elevation Angle: 40 (Angle in degrees between the horizon and the sun, measured at the nadir point)
Orbit Number: 3119

Captions

Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan:
Two capital cities in Pakistan lie next to one another but display land use patterns that are entirely different. Islamabad, with a population of 901,000 (ca. 1998) boasts a master-planned rectangular street pattern nestled against the Margala Hills (top left). The larger Rawalpindi (population 1,406,214 in 1998) lies to the south on the Soan River.

Islamabad has grown rapidly since construction began in 1961. It was created as a new administrative district in Pakistan to be the home of government, the supreme court, and the diplomatic corps. The great white building of the Faisal Mosque appears on the northern margin of the city. By contrast with orthogonal Islamabad, Rawalpindi displays the radial land transportation pattern of many cities with a river flowing through the city center. City blocks are small and growth less controlled than in its newer neighbor. Airports can be seen to the east and south.

Rawalpindi was an important British military center from the mid-1800s during colonial times, and became the interim capital for a decade (1959–69) once the decision was made to move the capital from Karachi inland to be closer to disputed Kashmir and neighboring Muslim countries. Rawalpindi is the headquarters of Pakistan’s army and an administrative, commercial, educational and industrial centre.

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