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Astronaut Photography of Earth - Display Record

ISS010-E-13088

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	File Name	File Size (bytes)	Width	Height	Annotated	Cropped	Purpose
View	ISS010-E-13088.JPG	70260	639	435	No	No
View	ISS010-E-13088.JPG	222941	355	540	Yes	Yes	NASA's Earth Observatory web site
View	ISS010-E-13088.JPG	222941	355	540	Yes	Yes	Earth From Space collection
View	ISS010-E-13088.JPG	690447	1000	657	No	Yes	NASA's Earth Observatory web site

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	File Name	File Size (bytes)	Width	Height	Annotated	Cropped	Purpose	Comments
Request	ISS010-E-13088.JPG	690447	1000	657	No	Yes	Earth From Space collection
Request	ISS010-E-13088.JPG	1029649	3032	2064	No	No

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Electronic Image Data

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Identification

Mission: ISS010 Roll: E Frame: 13088 Mission ID on the Film or image: ISS010
Country or Geographic Name: INDONESIA-S
Features: RAYA I., GLINT, TSUNAMI DAMAGE
Center Point Latitude: 4.8 Center Point Longitude: 95.5 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Stereo: (Yes indicates there is an adjacent picture of the same area)
ONC Map ID: JNC Map ID:

Camera

Camera Tilt: 54
Camera Focal Length: 400mm
Camera: E4: Kodak DCS760C Electronic Still Camera
Film: 3060E : 3060 x 2036 pixel CCD, RGBG array.

Quality

Film Exposure:
Percentage of Cloud Cover: 25 (11-25)

Nadir

Date: 20050115 (YYYYMMDD)GMT Time: 074534 (HHMMSS)
Nadir Point Latitude: 8.4, Longitude: 97.9 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude)
Nadir to Photo Center Direction: Southwest
Sun Azimuth: 226 (Clockwise angle in degrees from north to the sun measured at the nadir point)
Spacecraft Altitude: 190 nautical miles (352 km)
Sun Elevation Angle: 47 (Angle in degrees between the horizon and the sun, measured at the nadir point)
Orbit Number: 3165

Captions

Tsunami Damage, Northwestern Sumatra (Indonesia)

On December 26, 2004, a large (magnitude 9.0) earthquake occurred off the western coast of Sumatra in the Indian Ocean. The earthquake was caused by the release of stresses accumulated as the Burma tectonic plate overrides the India tectonic plate. Movement of the seafloor due to the earthquake generated a tsunami, or seismic sea wave, that affected coastal regions around the Indian Ocean. The northwestern Sumatra coastline in particular suffered extensive damage and loss of life. These astronaut photographs illustrate damage along the southwestern coast of Aceh Province in the vicinity of the city of Lho’ Kruet, Indonesia.

Large areas of bare and disturbed soil (brownish gray) that were previously covered with vegetation are visible along the coastline in the near-nadir (top) image. Embayments in the coastline were particularly hard hit, while adjacent headlands were less affected. The oblique (lower) astronaut photograph was acquired 45 seconds after the near-nadir photograph, and captures sunglint illuminating the Indian Ocean and standing water inland (light gray, yellow). Distortion and scale differences in the images are caused by increased obliquity of the view from the International Space Station. Arrows on the photographs indicate several points of comparison between the two images. Standing bodies of seawater may inhibit revegetation of damaged areas and act as sources of salt contamination in soil and groundwater.

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