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Chemical Sampling Information |
Nitrogen dioxide |
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General Description
Synonyms: Diesel Exhaust Component; Dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4); NO2; Nitrogen peroxide; Nitrogen tetroxide
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 1903
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 10102-44-0
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: QW9800000
Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 1067 124 [27 KB, PDF]
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Nitrogen dioxide: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 5 ppm, 9 mg/m3 Ceiling
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 5 ppm, 9 mg/m3 Ceiling
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 5 ppm, 9 mg/m3 Ceiling
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 3 ppm, 5.6 mg/m3 TWA; 5 ppm, 9.4 mg/m3 STEL; Appendix A4 - Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 1 ppm, 1.8 mg/m3 STEL
Health Factors
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 20 ppm
Potential symptoms: Irritation of eyes, nose, throat; cough, mucoid frothy sputum, decreased pulmonary function, chronic bronchitis, dyspnea (breathing difficulty); chest pain; pulmonary edema, cyanosis, tachypnea, tachycardia; eye, skin burns; dermatitis, frostbite (upon contact with liquid); INGES ACUTE: Burns in mouth, throat and stomach. EXPOS CHRONIC: Headache, weakness, loss of appetite, nausea, sores in nose and mouth, erosion of teeth; emphysema.
Health Effects: Irritation-Eye, Nose, Throat, Skin---Marked (HE14) Lung edema or bronchiolitis obliterans (HE11); Dental erosion (HE3)
Affected organs: Eyes, respiratory system, cardiovascular system
Notes:
- Nitrogen dioxide may increase bronchoconstriction in asthmatics at concentrations as low as 0.1 ppm.
- It is a component of silo gas thought to cause the sometimes fatal "silo fillers' disease."
- Other potential exposures include frying foods with oils (e.g., traditional Chinese cooking) and exhausts from internal combustion equipment used to resurface the ice in indoor skating facilities.
Date Last Revised: 06/29/2004
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Nitrogen dioxide.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Nitrogen dioxide.
- Douglas, W.W., Hepper, N.G. and Colby, T.V.: Silo-filler's disease. Mayo Clin. Proc. 64(3): 291-304, 1989.
- Elsayed, N.M.: Toxicity of nitrogen dioxide: an introduction. Toxicology 89(3): 161-174, 1994.
- Horvath, E.P., doPico, G.A., Barbee, R.A. and Dickie, H.A.: Nitrogen dioxide-induced pulmonary disease: five new cases and a review of the literature. J. Occup. Med. 20(2): 103-110, 1978.
- Lin, T.-S. and Huang, Y.-L.: Elevated exposure to nitrogen dioxide during food preparation: results from a cooking laboratory. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 72(3): 535-541, 2004.
- Pelham, T.W., Holt, L.E. and Moss, M.A.: Exposure to carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide in enclosed ice arenas. Occup. Environ. Med. 59(4): 224-233, 2002.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Nitrogen Dioxide. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1713-1716.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: Molecular Sieve (Water washed, Triethanolamine impregnated)
maximum volume: 3 Liters maximum flow rate: 0.2 L/min (STEL or Ceiling)
current analytical method: Ion Chromatography; IC
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA ID-182)
method classification: Fully Validated
note: Submit as a separate sample.
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Accessibility Assistance: Contact the OSHA Directorate of Science, Technology and Medicine at 202-693-2300 for assistance accessing PDF materials.
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