TABLE OF CONTENTS
Descriptive Summary
Biographical Note
Collection Summary
Index Terms
Administrative Information
Restrictions
Other Descriptive Information
Series Descriptions
Personal and Biographical, 1924-1975
Correspondence, 1967-1975
Publications, Papers, Talks and Research Notes, 1931-1975
Diplomas and Certificates
Subject Files
Case Items
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Archives and Modern Manuscripts Program, History of Medicine Division
Processed by HMD Staff
Machine-readable finding aid encoded by Dan Jenkins
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| Collection Number: | MS C 363 |
| Creator: | Shannon, James A. (James Augustine), 1904- |
| Title: | James A. Shannon Papers
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| Dates: | 1924-1975 |
| Quantity: | 30 MS boxes |
| Abstract: | Correspondence, talks, articles, reports and documents, photographs, certificates and diplomas. Dr. Shannon was on the faculty of the New York University College of Medicine from 1929-46. In 1946 he joined the National Institutes of Health, and from 1955-68 Dr. Shannon was Director of the NIH. In 1970 he became Professor and Special Assistant to the President of the Rockefeller University. |
James Augustine Shannon (1904-1994) was born in New York City. He graduated from College of the Holy Cross in 1925, and received his M.D. (1929) and Ph.D. (1935) from New York University. From 1935 to 1941, he worked primarily in the Physiological Laboratories at NYU, while also working at Bellevue Hospital. He then moved to Goldwater Hospital as director of medical research, and then to Squibb Institute for Medical Research in 1946. Shannon began his public health service in 1949 when he became Associate Director of the newly formed National Heart Institute at the National Institutes of Health. Three years later he was appointed Associate Director for Intramural Affairs at NIH, finally becoming NIH Director in 1955, a post he held until 1968. He spent the next two years with the National Academy of Sciences. In 1970 he became Professor and Special Assistant to the President of the Rockefeller University. Shannon retired to Portland, OR. in 1975.
Shannon's contributions to scientific research were in the field of kidney physiology. Between 1931-1941, he was the primary figure in the transformation of renal physiology from a qualitative observational science to a highly precise quantitative one. Shannon's experiments produced a number of fundamental chemical procedures to quantitatively measure exogenous compounds in both blood and urine. His research techniques and methodology also had a much broader impact, finding their way into other areas of basic and clinical physiology. During World War II, Shannon played a large role in the military's malaria research activities, working with the National Research Council and as a consultant on tropical diseases for the Secretary of War. Atabrine was administered in a dosage program developed by Shannon that successfully suppressed malaria in millions of troops throughout the South Pacific, becoming a more effective drug than quinine.
Shannon's administrative career began as director of the Squibb Institute for Medical Research, where he developed strong research programs in pharmacology, neuro-muscular physiology, and in the chemistry of proteins and amino acids. He then moved to start a research program for the newly formed National Heart Institute, where after three years he had established a balanced basic and clinical research program covering a spectrum of activities, ranging from studies of mechanisms of protein synthesis to clinical investigations of surgical treatments for congenital heart problems. Shannon's personal leadership played a significant role in the enormous expansion of NIH's operating expenditures, personnel and laboratory space during the 1950s and 1960s. In his various NIH leadership positions, he exerted a dominant influence on the orientation and shaping of all NIH program areas, while at the same time insisting that NIH support and solidify its relationship with academic institutions. During Shannon's tenure as NIH Director, often referred to as NIH's "golden years," the Institutes expanded the Federal government's role, and ability, to be the largest supporter of independent medical research in the country.
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Correspondence, talks, articles, reports and documents, photographs, certificates and diplomas primarily document Shannon's career after leaving the NIH's Directorship, although portions also reflect his teaching career at the New York Academy of Medicine and his early NIH research days. A sizable portion of the collection relates to Dr. Shannon's work with organizations and committees.
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Restrictions
Restrictions
Collection is not restricted. Contact the Reference Staff for information regarding access. For online customer service, please visit custserv@nlm.nih.gov.
Copyright
NLM does possess copyright to the collection. Contact the Reference Staff for details regarding rights. For online customer service, please visit custserv@nlm.nih.gov.
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| These terms are indexed in the National Library of Medicine's online catalog LocatorPlus. Researchers wishing to find related materials should search the catalog using these terms. |
| MeSH Subjects |
| | Public Health |
| | Research |
| Corporate Names |
| | Rockefeller University |
| | United States. National Institutes of Health |
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Shannon, James A. James A. Shannon papers. 1924-1975. Modern Manuscripts Collection, History of Medicine Division, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD. MS C 363.
Gift from Dr. Shannon, 1975, 1977.
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Personal and Biographical, 1924-1975
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Box |
1 | | Biographical data |
1 | | Personal data, 1950-1954 |
1 | | Bibliography |
1 | | Professional positions |
1 | | Rockefeller appointment, 1970 |
1 | | Membership in scientific societies |
1 | | Newspaper clippings about J.A.S., 1924 - 1969 |
1 | | Magazine articles about Shannon |
1 | | Tribute to Shannon |
1 | | NIH retirement letters |
1 | | Daily calendars, 1970 - 1974 |
1 | | Interview with J.A.S., Dec. 1968 |
1 | | "Random Thoughts", 1967 - 1970 |
1 | | Newspaper clippings - LBJ's tour of NIH, 1967 |
1 | | Magazine articles about NIH |
1 | | Newspaper clippings of interest to J.A.S. |
2 | | Photographs |
3 | | Family correspondence |
3 | | Alice Waterhouse - Biographical data |
3 | | Alice Waterhouse - Certificates |
3 | | Alice Waterhouse - Personnel actions |
3 | | Alice Waterhouse - Correspondence, 1935-1953, 1973 |
3 | | Alice Waterhouse - Reprints, programs, and clippings |
3 | | Awards and Certificates, correspondence, 1946- 1970 |
3 | | Brown University - Honorary Degree, 1971 |
3 | | Dartmouth College - Honorary Degree, 1970 |
3 | | Harvard University - Honorary degree, 1972 |
3 | | Ohio State University - Honorary Degree, 1970 |
3 | | Distinguished Service Award - Correspondence |
3 | | National Academy of Sciences - Public Welfare Medal, 1969 - 1970 |
3 | | National Medal of Science - Correspondence |
3 | | National Medal of Science Award - Correspondence and Data, 1968 |
3 | | National Medal of Science - Data |
3 | | Rockefeller Public Service Awards, 1964, 1968 - 1974 |
3 | | Stouffer Prize - Correspondence and minutes |
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Correspondence, 1967-1975
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Box |
| | General Correspondence |
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3 | | | A |
4 | | | Baer, Albert M. - Marston, Robert Q. |
5 | | | Ma - T |
6 | | | U - Z |
| | Organizations and Subjects |
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6 | | | American Academy of Arts and Sciences - Correspondence and reports, 1967-1968 |
6 | | | American Association for the Advancement of Science - Correspondence, Symposium, 1968-1970, 1972-1974; 1974 |
6 | | | American College of Physicians - Correspondence, 1968-1970 |
6 | | | American Medical Association - Correspondence, 1968-1970 |
6 | | | American Philosophical Society - Correspondence and data, 1967-1975 |
6 | | | Annual Review of Physiology - Correspondence, 1939 |
6 | | | Association of American Medical Colleges, 1970-1974 |
6 | | | Brookings Institution, 1968-1969 |
6 | | | Brotherhood Awards Dinner Honoring Lister Hill, 1973 |
6 | | | Commonwealth Fund, 1970-1974 |
6 | | | Cosmos Club, 1970-1974 |
6 | | | Dupont Institute of the Nemours Foundation, 1974 |
7 | | | French-Polyclinic Fund - Correspondence and data, 1968-1969 |
8 | | | French-Polyclinic Fund - Correspondence and data, 1970-1973 |
8 | | | Graduate Journal, 1969-1970 |
8 | | | Grant Foundation, 1970-1975 |
8 | | | HEW Appropriations, 1969 |
8 | | | Harvard - MIT Program in Health Sciences, 1972-1975 |
8 | | | HEW - Senate Committee on Appropriatioins, 1969 |
8 | | | IBM Medical Symposia, 1968-1971 |
8 | | | Interurban Clinical Club, 1968-1975 |
8 | | | John E. Fogarty International Center, 1968-1971 |
8 | | | Johns Hopkins ... Pharmacology Department, 1972-1973 |
9 | | | Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Foundation, 1969-1974 |
9 | | | Joseph E. Smadel Memorial Lecture, 1974 |
9 | | | Josiah Macy Foundation, 1969-1975 |
9 | | | Jurzykowski Memorial Committee, 1969-1970 |
9 | | | Lowell Lecture, 1969-1972 |
9 | | | Markle Foundation - 14th Annual Meeting, 1966 |
9 | | | Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Labs, 1968-1975 |
9 | | | National Academy of Sciences - Data and correspondence - various committees, 1968-1975 |
10 | | | National Academy of Sciences - Correspondence and data - various committees, 1968-1974 |
10 | | | National Institute of General Medical Sciences - 10th Anniversary, 1973 |
10 | | | NIH and the Bureau of Health Manpower, 1968 |
10 | | | NIH/NAS Conflict of Interest |
10 | | | NIH Organization and Program Development - Notes |
10 | | | NIH Special Programs Reports, 1968 |
10 | | | NLM Ceremonies Honoring Lister Hill, 1968 |
10 | | | National Research Council, 1968-1972 |
10 | | | National Science Foundation, 1969-1974 |
10 | | | New England Journal of Medicine, 1969-1972 |
11 | | | New York Board of Health, 1969-1971 |
11 | | | NIH Office of Program Planning, 1965-1967 |
11 | | | Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 1966-1969 |
11 | | | Pakistan - SEATO Cholera Research Lab - Correspondence |
11 | | | President's Cancer Panel, 1973-1974 |
11 | | | Ribicoff: Senate Subcommittee of Executive Reorganization, 1969-1973 |
11 | | | Robert W. Johnson Foundation, 1972-1974 |
11 | | | Rockefeller Foundation, 1968-1974 |
11 | | | Rockefeller University, 1970-1975 |
11 | | | Seattle Mental Health Institute, 1968 |
11 | | | Seminar on the Economics of Pharmaceutical Innovation, 1968 |
11 | | | Southern Illinois University - Correspondence |
11 | | | Technicon International Congress, 1969 |
11 | | | University of California, 1968-1969 |
11 | | | University of Colorado Medical Center, 1969 |
11 | | | University of North Carolina, 1969 |
11 | | | University of Oregon - Correspondence and data |
11 | | | University of Texas - Correspondence and data, 1970-1971 |
11 | | | University of Wisconsin - Sigma Chi Lecture, 1968 |
11 | | | U.S. - Australian Scientific Cooperation - Correspondence and data, 1968-1969 |
12 | | | U.S. - Japan Cooperative Medical Program |
12 | | | VA Medical Research Symposium, April 1972 |
12 | | | Western Design Engineering Conference, 1969 |
12 | | | Whitehead Institute - Correspondence and data, 1973-1975 |
13 | | | Whitehead Institute - Correspondence and data, 1972-1975 |
13 | | | WHO Conference on Schistosomiasis, Dec., 1972 |
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Publications, Papers, Talks and Research Notes, 1931-1975
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Box |
13 | | Science and Public Policy - Correspondence, 1970-1974 |
13 | | James A. Shannon reprints, 1968-1971 |
| | Volumes, 1931-1965 |
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Volume | | | Science and the Evolution of Public Policy, edited by J.A.S. |
v.1-2 | | | Scientific Papers of J.A.S., 1931-1962 |
v.I-III | | | Nontechnical speeches and articles of J.A.S., 1955-1965 |
14 | | Magazine articles by J.A.S., 1962-1974 |
14 | | Talks by J.A.S., 1953-1966 |
15 | | Talks by J.A.S., 1967-1969 |
16 | | Talks by J.A.S., 1969-1972 |
17 | | Talks by J.A.S., 1973-1975, n.d. |
18 | | Early papers by J.A.S. |
19 | | Laboratory notes |
19 | | NIH Budget, 1967 |
19 | | Research and Development Speech by William D. Carey, 1968 |
19 | | "Health in America", Report by William Cohen, 1968 |
19 | | NIH Proposed Reorganization Plan, 1968 |
19 | | Foundations: Proposals, 1969 |
19 | | Paper by Murtaugh |
19 | | Papers by Haggerty, Himsworth, McElroy, Morrison, Shannon |
19 | | Papers by Tishler |
19 | | Discussions of Papers, 1971-1972 |
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Diplomas and Certificates
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Box |
20 | | Brown University - Honorary Degree |
20 | | New York University - Honorary Degree |
20 | | New York University - Citation for Distinguished Alumni lecturer in medicine |
20 | | Ohio State University - Honorary Degree |
20 | | University of Washington - Honorary Degree |
20 | | New York Heart Association - Homer W. Smith Award in Renal Physiology |
20 | | American College of Physicians - John Phillips Memorial Award |
20 | | College of Mount Saint Vincent - Honorary Degree |
21 | | American Hospital Association - Honorary Membership |
21 | | Jefferson Medical College - Honorary Degree |
21 | | American College of Hospital Administrators - Honorary Fellowship |
21 | | University of Colorado - Honorary Degree |
21 | | Programs - Awards and Dedications, 1957-1969 |
21 | | Programs - Honorary Degrees, 1952-1971 |
21 | | Awards, Certificates, and Diplomas, 1929-1968 |
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Subject Files
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Box |
22 | | Reports and Publications, re: National Institutes of Health |
23 | | Reports and Publications, re: National Institutes of Health |
24 | | Reports and Publications, re: National Institutes of Health and Department of Health, Education and Welfare |
25 | | Congressional Documents |
26 | | Congressional Documents |
26 | | Federal Budgets |
27 | | Misc. National Science Foundation and Government reports |
28 | | Reports and Publications, re: National Academy of Sciences |
29 | | Reports, re: Rockefeller University |
29 | | Books on Medical Education |
30 | | Books on Medical Research, Institutions, and Administration |
30 | | Cassette tapes of Cal Tech discussion, 1974 |
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Case Items
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| | Diplomas, awards, photographs |
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Index to correspondence in Box 18
Frank R. Winton (8 letters); pump lung kidney, 1937-1940 |
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J. Murray Luck (7 letters); Annual Review of Physiology, 1939 |
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M.H. Jacobs (4 letters); Annual Review of Physiology, 1939 |
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E. Newton Harvey (4 letters); The Renal Excretion of Phenol Red by the Aglomerlaur Fishes, Opsanus tau, and Lophius piscatorius, 1938 |
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Detlev W. Bronk ( 1 letter); Creatinine in the Dogfish, 1940 |
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A.J. Goldforb (3 letters); Excretion of Urea and Creatinine, 1935 |
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A.J. Goldforb (1 letter); Sulfanilamide in the measurement of body water in the dog, 1942 |
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Donald R. Hooker (1 letter); Inulin/creatinine at low urine vol., 1935 |
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Dr. Smith (1 letter); Inulin/creatinine at low urine vol., 1935 |
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A.C. Ivy (1 letter); "The Kinetics of Tubular Excretion", 1937 |
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J. McKeen Cattell (1 letter); "The Normal Rate of Formation of the Antidiuretic Hormone", 1941 |
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George A. Carden (1 letter); Malaria work in Cairns, 1945 |
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