Face injuries and disorders can cause pain and affect how you look. In severe cases, they can affect sight, speech, breathing and your ability to swallow. Broken bones, especially the bones of your nose, cheekbone and jaw, are common facial injuries.
Certain diseases also lead to facial disorders. For example, nerve diseases like trigeminal neuralgia or Bell's palsy sometimes cause facial pain, spasms and trouble with eye or facial movement. Birth defects can also affect the face. They can cause underdeveloped or unusually prominent facial features or a lack of facial expression. Cleft lip and palate are a common facial birth defect.
- Craniofacial Syndrome Descriptions(Children's Craniofacial Association) - http://www.ccakids.com/syn.asp
- Facial Sports Injuries(American Academy of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery) - http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/facialSportsInjuries.cfm
- Face Transplants Show Promising Results(08/21/2008, HealthDay) - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_68423.html
- Facial Pain(DSHI Systems) - Requires Flash Player - http://www.freemd.com/facial-pain/visit-virtual-doctor.htm
- Facial Swelling(American Academy of Family Physicians) - http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/tools/symptom/506.printerview.html
- Facial Weakness(DSHI Systems) - Requires Flash Player - http://www.freemd.com/facial-weakness/visit-virtual-doctor.htm
- Flushing(DSHI Systems) - Requires Flash Player - http://www.freemd.com/flushing/visit-virtual-doctor.htm
- Numbness of the Face (One Side)(DSHI Systems) - Requires Flash Player - http://www.freemd.com/numbness-of-the-face-unilateral/visit-virtual-doctor.htm
- Tingling of the Face (DSHI Systems) - Requires Flash Player - http://www.freemd.com/tingling-of-the-face-unilateral/visit-virtual-doctor.htm
- Botox and Facial Fillers(American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery) - Links to PDF - http://www.asoprs.org/files/public/New.InfoBotox.pdf
- Corrective Jaw Surgery(American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons) - http://www.aaoms.org/jaw_surgery.php
- Facial Cosmetic Surgery(American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons) - http://www.aaoms.org/facial_cosmetic_surgery.php
- Surgery of Facial Scars(American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery) - http://www.aafprs.org/patient/procedures/facial_scar.html
- Treating and Preventing Facial Injury(American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons) - http://www.aaoms.org/facial_injury.php
- What Is a Facial Plastic Surgeon?(American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery) - http://www.aafprs.org/patient/procedures/facial_plastic.html
- Selecting Personal Protective Equipment (Eyes and Face) for the Workplace(Occupational Safety and Health Administration) - http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/eyeandface/ppe/selection.html
- Frequently Asked Questions about Craniofacial Conditions(Children's Craniofacial Association) - http://www.ccakids.com/synFAQ.asp
- Broken Jaw(InteliHealth) - http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/10210.html
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Coffin Lowry Syndrome
(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/coffin_lowry/coffin_lowry.htm
- Crouzon Syndrome (Craniofacial Dysostosis)(Cleft Palate Foundation) - http://www.cleftline.org/publications/crouzon
- Eye Socket Fracture (Fracture of the Orbit)(InteliHealth) - http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/9961.html
- Fractures of the Nose(Merck & Co., Inc.) - http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec19/ch221/ch221b.html
- Guide to Understanding Treacher Collins Syndrome(Children's Craniofacial Association) - Links to PDF - http://www.ccakids.com/Syndrome/TreacherCollins.pdf
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Hemifacial Spasm(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/hemifacial_spasm/hemifacial_spasm.htm
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Holoprosencephaly(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/holoprosencephaly/holoprosencephaly.htm
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Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/melkersson/melkersson.htm
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Mobius Syndrome (Congenital Facial Diplegia)(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/mobius/mobius.htm
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Parry-Romberg Syndrome(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/parry_romberg/parry_romberg.htm
- Pierre Robin Sequence/Complex(Cleft Palate Foundation) - http://www.cleftline.org/publications/pierre_robin
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Velocardiofacial Syndrome(National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders) - http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/velocario.asp
Also available in Spanish http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/spanish/velocario_span.asp
- Atlas of the Body: The Skull(American Medical Association) - http://www.medem.com/MedLB/article_detaillb.cfm?article_ID=ZZZCIHWBGJC&sub_cat=523
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ClinicalTrials.gov: Craniofacial Abnormalities(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Craniofacial+Abnormalities%22
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ClinicalTrials.gov: Facial Injuries(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Facial+Injuries%22
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Genetics Home Reference: Apert syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=apertsyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=bearestevensoncutisgyratasyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Cherubism(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=cherubism
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Genetics Home Reference: Coffin-Lowry syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=coffinlowrysyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Cohen syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=cohensyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Crouzon syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=crouzonsyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Jackson-Weiss syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=jacksonweisssyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Pfeiffer syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=pfeiffersyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Robinow syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=robinowsyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Saethre-Chotzen syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=saethrechotzensyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=simpsongolabibehmelsyndrome
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Genetics Home Reference: Treacher Collins syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=treachercollinssyndrome
References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)
- Article: Zygomatic arch deformation: an anatomic and clinical study. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18940500&tool=MedlinePlus
- Article: Effect of midfacial distraction on the obstructed airway in patients... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18940499&tool=MedlinePlus
- Article: Zygomatic fractures managed by closed reduction: an analysis with postoperative... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18940496&tool=MedlinePlus
- Facial Injuries and Disorders -- see more articles - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=search&db=pubmed&term=(craniofacial+abnormalities[majr]+OR+facial+bones/injuries[majr]+OR+facial+injuries[majr]+OR+facial+nerve+diseases[majr])+NOT+(bell+palsy[majr]+OR+eye+injuries[mh]+OR+cleft+palate[majr]+OR+trigeminal+neuralgia[majr])+AND+humans[mh]+AND+english[la]+AND+(patient+education+handout[pt]+OR+jsubsetk[text]+OR+jsubsetaim[text]+OR+jsubsetn[text]+OR+review[pt]+OR+guideline[pt]+OR+clinical+trial[pt]+OR+systematic[sb])+NOT+(letter[pt]+OR+case+reports[pt]+OR+editorial[pt])&doptcmdl=summary&cmd_current=Limits&pmfilter_EDatLimit=last+1+Year&tool=MedlinePlus
- Locate a AAMP Maxillofacial Prosthodontist(American Academy of Maxillofacial Prosthetics) - https://www.maxillofacialprosth.org/AAMP_dynamic/searchrosterPatient.asp
- Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons Directory(American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery) - http://www.asoprs.org/custom/directory/?pageid=3297&showTitle=1
- American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - http://www.aafprs.org/
- American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons - http://www.aaoms.org/
- American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - http://www.asoprs.org/
- Children's Craniofacial Association - http://www.ccakids.com/
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National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research - http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/
- CCA Newsletters(Children's Craniofacial Association) - http://www.ccakids.com/newsNL.asp
- Facial Plastic Surgery Today(American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery) - http://www.aafprs.org/patient/fps_today/fps_today.html
- Children and Facial Trauma(American Academy of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery) - http://www.entnet.org/HealthInformation/childrenFacialTrauma.cfm
- Craniofacial Anomalies(Children's Hospital Boston) - http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site1407/mainpageS1407P0.html
- Facial Fractures(Children's Hospital Boston) - http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site865/mainpageS865P0.html
- Moebius Syndrome(Children's Hospital Boston) - http://www.childrenshospital.org/az/Site1306/mainpageS1306P0.html
- Bell's Palsy - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/bellspalsy.html
- Cleft Lip and Palate - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cleftlipandpalate.html
- Nose Disorders - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/nosedisorders.html
- Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/plasticandcosmeticsurgery.html
- Trigeminal Neuralgia - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/trigeminalneuralgia.html
- Brain and Nerves - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/brainandnerves.html
- Ear, Nose and Throat - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/earnoseandthroat.html
- Injuries and Wounds - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/injuriesandwounds.html
The primary NIH organization for research on Facial Injuries and Disorders is the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research - http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/