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Disabilities
Publications and Materials
Below are
selected publications and materials related to disabilities. Please note the
year of publication may be later than the year(s) the data represent.
LINKS ON THIS PAGE
2007 Publications and Materials
2006 Publications and Materials
2005 Publications and Materials
2004 Publications and Materials
2002 Publications and Materials
2001 Publications and Materials
Related
Links
Environmental
Barriers to Health Care among Persons with Disabilities- Los
Angeles County, California, 2002-2003
(1/8/07)
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5548a4.htm
PDF
(p. 1300)
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5548.pdf
The results of this survey suggest that persons with physical or
sensory disabilities experienced several environmental barriers and that
the prevalence of barriers varied by demographic characteristics,
household income, and severity of disability.
Disability and Health State Chartbook– 2006 Profiles of Health for
Adults with Disabilities (10/31/06)
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/dh/chartbook/
This chartbook provides state profiles and data on prevalence,
population estimates by race/ethnicity and gender, health status, and
more. The chartbook also shows that the health of people with
disabilities is not as good as that of the people without disabilities,
and highlights areas in which public health systems can include more
people with disabilities in their programs.
Correlates of
Physical Activity for Adults with Disability
(8/21/06)
http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2006/jul/05_0207.htm
This study was designed to determine factors that influence the physical
activity level of adults with disability as identified in a large
representative sample of U.S. adults. Only one fourth of the study
population met the recommendation for moderate activity level. African
American race, age of 50 years or older, annual income of $50,000 or
higher, and being in good, fair, or poor health were all significantly
related to activity level; sex, education level, health care access, and
years of disability were not.
Improved National Prevalence Estimates for 18 Selected Major Birth Defects-
United States, 1999-2001
(1/30/06)
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5451a2.htm
PDF
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5451.pdf
Press Release
http://www.cdc.gov/media/pressrel/r060105.htm
This report describes estimates of national prevalence and number of
affected births in the United States each year during 1999-2001 for 18
selected major birth defects. The findings indicated that 10 of the 18
defects affected more than 1,000 infants each year in the United States. The
conditions with the highest prevalence included orofacial clefts, which
affect approximately 6,800 infants annually, and Down syndrome, which
affects approximately 5,500 infants annually.
Trends in Spina Bifida and Anencephalus in the United States, 1991-2003
(1/30/06)
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hestats/spine_anen.htm
This Health e-stat provides a 13-year trend for two neural tube defects,
spina bifida and anencephalus. After a significant increase in the spina
bifida rate from 1992 to 1995, there was a significant decline from 1995 to
1999. The rate was stable from 1999 to 2003. The rate for 2003 was
significantly lower than in 1998. The rate of spina bifida in 2003 was 18.89
per 100,000 live births, the lowest rate reported in this analysis.
2005 Publications and Materials
Guidelines
for Identifying and Referring Persons with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (11/30/05)
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5411a1.htm
PDF
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5411.pdf
Appendix– CNS
Abnormalities Associated with FAS http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5411a2.htm
This report summarizes the diagnostic guidelines drafted by the scientific
working group, provides recommendations for when and how to refer a person
suspected of having problems related to prenatal alcohol exposure, and assesses
existing practices for creating supportive environments that might prevent
long-term adverse consequences associated with FAS. The guidelines were created
on the basis of a review of scientific evidence, clinical expertise, and the
experiences of families affected by FAS regarding the physical and neuropsychologic
features of FAS and the medical, educational, and social services needed by
persons with FAS and their families. The guidelines are intended to facilitate
early identification of persons affected by prenatal exposure to alcohol so
they and their families can receive services that enable them to achieve healthy
lives and reach their full potential. This report also includes recommendations
to enhance identification of and intervention for women at risk for alcohol-exposed
pregnancies.
People with Disabilities: Hurricane Katrina (9/30/05)
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hurricanes/disabilities.htm
This website provides information for people with disabilities, their families and friends, and emergency responders who have
to prepare and respond to emergencies and disasters. People with disabilities might be at greater risk from a disaster than people
without disabilities.
2004 Publications and Materials
Newborn
Screening for Cystic Fibrosis (10/30/04)
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5313a1.htm
PDF
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5313.pdf
In November 2003, CDC and the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation cosponsored a
workshop to review the benefits and risks associated with newborn screening
for cystic fibrosis (CF). This report discusses the peer-reviewed evidence
presented at the workshop, which supports the clinical utility of newborn
screening for CF.
Newborn
Screening for Cystic Fibrosis (10-30-04)
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5313a1.htm
PDF
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/rr/rr5313.pdf
In November 2003, CDC and the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation cosponsored a
workshop to review the benefits and risks associated with newborn screening
for cystic fibrosis (CF). This report discusses the peer-reviewed evidence
presented at the workshop, which supports the clinical utility of newborn
screening for CF.
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Guidelines for Referral and Diagnosis
(8/30/04)
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fas/documents/FAS_guidelines_accessible.pdf
These guidelines update and refine diagnostic and referral criteria in light
of the scientific and clinical advances in the understanding of this
disorder during the past 30 years. The guidelines are organized into several
sections: background information; revised and refined diagnostic and
referral criteria for FAS; comparison of the guidelines with other
diagnostic methods currently in use; a discussion of the essential services
for affected individuals; identifying and intervening with women at risk for
an alcohol-exposed pregnancy; and future needs and efforts related to FAS
and other prenatal alcohol-related disorders.
Public
Health Approach to Birth Defects, Developmental Disabilities, and Genetic
Conditions (2/27/04)
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/99018624 (Non-CDC site)
A special issue of the American Journal of Medical Genetics (Seminars in
Medical Genetics) was published on February 15, 2004 (Volume 125C), and
contains several manuscripts with CDC authors.
Economic
Costs Associated with Mental Retardation, Cerebral Palsy, Hearing Loss, and
Vision Impairment (1/30/04)
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5303a4.htm
PDF (p. 57)
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5303.pdf
In 2003, RTI International (Research Triangle Park, North Carolina) and CDC
analyzed data from multiple surveys and reports to estimate the direct and
indirect economic costs associated with four DDs in the United States. On
the basis of that analysis, estimated lifetime costs in 2003 dollars are
expected to total $51.2 billion for persons born in 2000 with mental
retardation, $11.5 billion for persons with cerebral palsy, $2.1 billion for
persons with hearing loss, and $2.5 billion for persons with vision
impairment. Certain public health measures (e.g., newborn screening for
metabolic disorders) have proven effective in preventing cases of mental
retardation and other DDs. In addition, low birthweight (LBW) is a known
risk factor for mental retardation and other DDs, and maternal smoking and
alcohol consumption are risk factors for both LBW and mental retardation.
Smoking-cessation counseling targeted to pregnant women has proven effective
in preventing LBW, and strategies to reduce alcohol use before pregnancy are
being tested.
2002 Publications and Materials
State-Specific Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults with Disabilities - Eight
States and the District of Columbia, 1998-1999
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5136a1.htm
PDF
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5136.pdf
To determine the prevalence of obesity among persons with and without
disabilities, CDC analyzed data from the 1998 and 1999 Behavioral Risk
Factor Surveillance System for eight states and the District of Columbia.
The findings indicate that obesity rates are significantly higher among
persons with disabilities, especially among blacks and persons aged 45-64
years. Of the total population surveyed, 18.4% were obese. Overall, and for
each of the four demographic characteristics examined, persons with
disabilities had higher rates of obesity than those without disabilities.
Substantial differences existed between men with disabilities and without
disabilities and between women with disabilities and without disabilities.
In the population without disability, a slight but significantly higher
percentage of men than women reported obesity; however, among those with a
disability, a larger percentage of women than men tended to report obesity.
Obesity increases the risk for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia,
cardiovascular disease, respiratory problems, certain cancers, gallstones,
osteoarthritis, and lowered life expectancy. The estimated annual cost
attributable to obesity-related diseases is approximately $100 billion.
Obesity among adults in the general U.S. population increased from 12.0% in
1991 to 17.9% in 1998.
2001 Publications and Materials
Prevalence
of Disabilities & Associated Health Conditions Among Adults - United States,
1999
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5007a3.htm
PDF
http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm5007.pdf
Disability remains a large public health problem, affecting over 44 million
(22%) people in 1999. Although half of older adults have a disability, most
(63%) people with a disability are working age (18-64 years). Arthritis and
rheumatism (17.5%) and back or spine problems (16.5%) lead the list of
conditions associated with disability, followed by heart trouble (7.8%) and
lung or respiratory problems (4.7%). Women report arthritis and rheumatism
as the main cause of their disability more often than men (22.4% women
versus 11.0% men), while men (9.4%) report more heart trouble than women
(6.6%). The increasing life expectancy of the population is likely to
accentuate the impact and importance of disability over the next 30 years.
Disabilities: Women’s Health Topics A-Z
http://www.cdc.gov/women/az/disabil.htm
View women’s health resources related to disabilities.
Birth Defects and Developmental
Disabilities
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/
Learn more about birth defects and developmental disabilities.
Fact Sheets: Birth
Defects and Developmental Disabilities
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/factsheets.htm
View fact sheets on a variety of topics related to birth defects and
developmental disabilities.
Fast Stats A-Z:
Disabilities/Limitations
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/disable.htm
View data and statistics on disabilities/limitations.
Health and Wellness for Women
with Disabilities
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/women/
As many as one in five women in the United States are living with
disabilities. “Disability” is a broad term that encompasses a sizable range
of conditions and diseases. It refers generally to a limitation in physical
or mental function caused by one or more health conditions. Depending on the
definition used, 19.9 to 28.6 million U.S. women have disabilities – and the
number is growing.
Kids Quest on Disability and
Health
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/kids/
These quests are designed to get kids in 4th, 5th, and 6th grades to think
about people with disabilities and some of the issues related to daily
activities, health, and accessibility.
This site contains documents in PDF format. You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader
to access the file. If you do not have the Acrobat Reader, you may download a
free copy from the
Adobe Web site.
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This page
last reviewed January 8, 2007
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/women/pubs/commhlth.htm
US
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Office of Women's Health
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