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State, Tribal and Local Initiatives

States and Tribes play a critical role in the protection and management of our Nation's wetlands. Most States and many Tribes have increased their roles in wetlands protection and management by adopting any of a number of wetlands programs or tools. Components of comprehensive wetlands programs which various States and Tribes have adopted include:

  • assuming the federal Clean Water Act Section 404 permit program or obtaining State Program General Permits from the Corps of Engineers


  • undertaking comprehensive State Wetland Conservation Plans which identify strengths and needs in a state's program, and often develop the framework for a state's wetlands program


  • developing narrative wetland water quality standards


  • applying the Clean Water Act Section 401 Water Quality Certification program


  • adopting non-regulatory programs such as watershed/wetlands planning initiatives, taxation programs, acquisition programs, and others


  • incorporating wetlands considerations into other state water programs.

State Wetland Program General Information

  • Core Elements of Comprehensive State and Tribal Wetlands Programs

    The EPA Wetlands Program has identified "basic" and "core" elements critical to effective, comprehensive wetland programs.


  • Analysis of Core Components of State Wetland Programs

    The Environmental Law Institute, with grant funding from the EPA, has conducted a multi-phased study designed to describe and analyze seven components of state wetland programs: state laws, regulations, and programs; monitoring and assessment; restoration programs and activities; water quality standards; public-private partnerships; coordination among state and federal agencies; and education and outreach activities. Each phase of the study examines a cross-section of states representing various approaches to wetland protection and regulation, as well as geographic diversity.

    Phase I report: Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Washington Exit EPA Disclaimer

    Phase II report: Florida, Hawaii, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, Oregon, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin Exit EPA Disclaimer

    Phase III report: Alabama, California, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, New Mexico, South Dakota, Virginia, and Wyoming Exit EPA Disclaimer

    Phase IV report: Alaska, Delaware, Indiana, Kansas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi,Nevada, New Hampshire, North Dakota, South Carolina, and Tennessee Exit EPA Disclaimer

Financial Assistance

State/Tribal Regulatory Program

  • State Programmatic General Permits (SPGP)

  • State/Tribal Assumption of Section 404 Program

    The Wetlands Division of the Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds published a notice in the Federal Register on July 11, 2006, regarding the collection of information related to wetlands state/tribal assumed programs. This notice is a renewal of an existing collection request that is scheduled to expire in November of 2006. EPA is requesting comments on this Information Collection Request (ICR). Comments must be received by September 11, 2006.
    For more information, please consult the ICR announcement (PDF) (1p, 20K, about PDF).



  • State/Tribal Water Quality Standards

State/Tribal Watershed Planning

  • State Wetlands Conservation Plans (SWCP) - A State Wetlands Conservation Plan or Strategy (SWCP) gives States a framework to protect, restore and create wetlands. It identifies gaps in wetlands protection programs and opportunities to make programs work better.



  • Tribal Wetland Program Highlights - (EPA843-R-99-002). Eleven case studies are presented which highlight the experiences of tribal organizations and feature varying components of Tribal programs, including tools and strategies currently employed to protect and restore wetlands and watersheds.


  • Increasing Flexibility in Alaska

Local Initiatives

  • Increasing Local Roles in Wetlands Protection


  • Tools for Local Wetland Efforts
    • Guidance on Developing Local Wetlands Projects -This document outlines brief case studies of three local wetland programs: King County (Seattle), Washington; Dade County (Miami), Florida; and Monroe County (Pocono Mountains), Pennsylvania. It identifies types of wetlands protection programs, the methods of implementation, successes and failures, and recommendations to local governments.


    • Local Government Environmental Assistance Network (LGEAN) - is a "first-stop shop" providing environmental management, planning, and regulatory information for local government elected and appointed officials, managers and staff. Exit EPA Disclaimer
  • Wetlands & the Forestry Community - The Environmental Protection Agency spearheaded the resolution of a long-standing silvicultural issue affecting forested wetlands in the Southeast, by adopting an innovative partnership approach, developed in coordination with forestry industry, environmental community, and State and Federal representatives.


  • Wetlands & the Golf Community - Starting in 1995, the EPA Wetlands Division joined an existing initiative to find common ground between the golf industry and the environmental community, and to advance golf course environmental responsibility.

State, Tribal, and Local Partners

Links to Web sites outside the U.S. EPA Web site are for the convenience of the user. The Standards of Ethical Conduct do not permit the U.S. EPA to endorse any private sector Web site, product, or service. The U.S. EPA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at this location. These links are being provided consistent with the intended purpose of the EPA Web site. Exit EPA Disclaimer

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