Encephalopathy
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What is Encephalopathy?
Is there any treatment?
What is the prognosis?
What research is being done?
What is Encephalopathy?
Encephalopathy is a term for any diffuse disease of the brain that alters brain function or structure. Encephalopathy may
be caused by infectious agent (bacteria, virus, or prion), metabolic or mitochondrial dysfunction, brain tumor or increased
pressure in the skull, prolonged exposure to toxic elements (including solvents, drugs, radiation, paints, industrial chemicals,
and certain metals), chronic progressive trauma, poor nutrition, or lack of oxygen or blood flow to the brain. The hallmark
of encephalopathy is an altered mental state. Depending on the type and severity of encephalopathy, common neurological symptoms
are progressive loss of memory and cognitive ability, subtle personality changes, inability to concentrate, lethargy, and
progressive loss of consciousness. Other neurological symptoms may include myoclonus (involuntary twitching of a muscle or
group of muscles), nystagmus (rapid, involuntary eye movement), tremor, muscle atrophy and weakness, dementia, seizures, and
loss of ability to swallow or speak. Blood tests, spinal fluid examination, imaging studies, electroencephalograms, and similar
diagnostic studies may be used to differentiate the various causes of encephalopathy.
Is there any treatment?
What is the prognosis?
What research is being done?
Select this link to view a list of studies currently seeking patients.
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National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
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Last updated February 12, 2007