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USDOL/OALJ Reporter
Gillilan v. Tennessee Valley Authority, 92-ERA-46 (ALJ Dec. 18, 1992)


U.S. Department of Labor
Office of Administrative Law Judges
Suite 300, Commerce Plaza
603 Pilot House Drive
Newport News, Virginia 23606

(804) 873-3099
FAX (804) 873-3634

DATE: December 18, 1992
CASE NOS.: 92-ERA-46
    92-ERA-50

IN THE MATTER OF

GEORGE M. GILLILAN,
   Complainant,

    v.

TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY,
   Respondent.

RECOMMENDED ORDER GRANTING SUMMARY JUDGEMENT

   This case arises under the Employee Protection Section of the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 (ERA), as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 581, and the regulations issued thereunder at 29 C.F.R. Part 24.

   The Complainant, George M. Gillilan, is an electrician employed by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) at its Watt's Bar Nuclear Plant (WBN). The Complainant filed four complaints dated October 10, November 17 and 26, 1991, and January 10, 1992. In these complaints, the Complainant claims that TVA discriminated against him pursuant to §5-851 of the Act. Specifically, the Complainant alleges the following:


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   1. TVA discriminated against the Complainant for not selecting him for a temporary electrical trainer position (October 10, 1991 complaint);

   2. TVA discriminated against the Complainant by failing to call him to work overtime on October 19, 1991. (November 17, 1991 complaint);

   3. TVA discriminated against the Complainant by failing to assign him to the Sequoyah Nuclear Plant (SQN) on November 14, 1991. (November 26, 1991 complaint); and

   4 . TVA discriminated against the Complainant by returning him to second shift on January 6, 1992. (January 10, 1992 complaint).

   The Respondent, TVA, filed a Motion for Summary Judgment on October 30, 1992. Respondent's notion is for summary judgment as to all the complaints in this proceeding. On November 21, 1992, the Complainant filed a response to the Respondent's motion. On December 3, 1992, the Respondent filed a reply to the Complainant's response.

   TVA argues that the complaints should be dismissed on the following grounds:

a. the facts which are not subject to dispute show that the Complainant cannot meet his burden of proof to show that there was discrimination with respect to any of the four complainants;

b. the first (October 10, 1991) and the fourth (January 10, 1992) complainants were not timely field; and

c. the fourth complaint is barred by the res judicata effect of Deputy Chief Administrative Law Judge, John Vittone's November 16, 1991, recommended decision and order (RDO) in No. 91-ERA-31.

   In support of its motion for summary decision, TVA relies upon: 1) stipulated facts in the joint prehearing submission1 ; 2) joint exhibits to the joint prehearing submission2 ; 3) October 30, 1992 affidavit of Edwin B. Ditto, II3 ; 4) October 4, 1991, affidavit of Edwin B. Ditto, II4 ; 5) Complainant's June 5, 1991, deposition 5 ; 6) portions of Complainant's October 7, 1992, deposition6 ; 7) Brent R. Marquand's December 3, 1992 affidavit7 ; and 8) eight reply brief exhibits8 ; and thirteen Complainant response exhibits9 .


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   The Complainant submitted thirteen exhibits in response to the motion for summary decision.

The October 10, 1991 Complaint

   On December 5, 1990, TVA announced its intention to create a temporary position of electrical trainer at WBN, and solicited applications. Complainant submitted his application on December 13, 1990, together with his resume setting forth his qualifications for the position (Stip. 7). Later that month the selection committee, comprised of both Union and Management members, attempted to notify each applicant to schedule an interview (Ditto #2, p.2). Attempts were made to notify the Complainant by telephone and registered letter. The Complainant was not at home to receive the telephone calls10 . The registered letter that TVA sent was returned because the Complainant was not at home to receive it. The letter requested Complainant, if he was "still interested" in the position, to notify the selection committee "of such interest by Noon, January 2, 1991," and that "[i]f no response is forthcoming by Noon, January 2, 1991, the subcommittee will assume that you have decided to withdraw your expression of interest and will proceed accordingly" (Stip 7).11 Since nothing was heard from the Complainant,, he was not scheduled for an interview.

   The Complainant returned to WBN on January 11, 1991. While at the plant, he encountered two members of the trainer selection committee, his supervisor, Ed Ditto, and J. S. Hoover, Jr., the training representative for his union, the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW). Neither told him about the attempts to reach him or that interviews had been scheduled for the following week. On January 14, 1991, the Complainant learned that applicants were being interviewed for the temporary positions of electrical trainer12 . (Stip. 8).

   The Complainant knew by March 1991 that the positions had been filled and that he had not been selected (Stip 8) . The joint subcommittee issued a joint bulletin dated April 11, 1991 (JXl, p.6) naming and approving the two individuals selected for the positions. The bulletin specifically noted that the Complainant "was unavailable during the interview time period. Numerous phone calls and attempts to deliver a registered letter were fruitless in contacting him for an interview". (JX1, p.6). The Complainant obtained the joint bulletin on September 27, 1991 (Stip. 8). The Complainant was filed on October 10, 1991.

DISCUSSION

   TVA maintains first that the facts not subject to dispute clearly show that the October 10, 1991, complaint was not timely filed. According to the statute and applicable regulations, a complaint must be filed, in writing, within 30 days after the occurrence of the alleged violation. See 29 C.F.R. §24.3(b). The undisputed facts in this case clearly show that the alleged violation took place sometime in March 1991, when the Complainant knew he had not been selected for the trainer position. The Complainant's argument that the violation did not occur until


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September. 27, 1991, when he specifically learned that his nonselection was related to his unavailability for an interview, has no merit. The Complainant knew by January 14, 1991, that interviews were being held. Moreover, by March 1991, he knew that interviews had been scheduled, he had never been interviewed and that the job selection had been made. I find that it was at that time the Complainant became aware or reasonably should have been aware that he was the possible victim of discrimination, The effects of any alleged discrimination took place in March 1991 and not in October 1991. Accordingly, I conclude that the Respondent is entitled to summary judgment on the October 10, 1991 complaint. TVA has established that the facts not subject to dispute clearly show that the complaint was not timely filed.

The November 17, 1991 Complaint

   Weekend overtime in Electrical Maintenance (EM) is scheduled by the foremen getting in touch with the workers. In order to minimize unproductive time by the foremen, it has been EM's practice not to have foremen telephone any electrician who is on leave in order to scheduled weekend overtime, unless the presence of that electrician is essential to the performance of the overtime work (Ditto 12, p. 2).13 The Complainant was on leave from October 6, through 18, 1991. EM worked overtime on Saturday, October 19, 1991. Complainant and another electrician who had been on leave were not called to come in to work overtime on October 19, 1991. A third electrician who had also been on leave, but who came into the shop to pick up his check, learned that overtime would be available on October 19, and requested to be allowed to work that day. His request was approved (Stip 12; Ditto 12, pp. 3,4).

DISCUSSION

   The Respondent argues that the undisputed facts show that the Complainant has been treated like other similarly situated employees. Therefore, the Complainant has failed to raise an arguable prima facie claim of discrimination sufficient to withstand TVA's motion for summary decision. Indeed, I must conclude that the undisputed facts establish precisely this. While foremen generally contact workers who are not on leave for weekend overtime work, they do not call those employees who are on leave unless their presence is essential. In this specific instance, it appears that TVA followed its normal procedure. Three electricians who were on leave on October 18, 1991 were not called for overtime work the next day. While one electrician who was on leave on the 18th did work the overtime on the 19th, it is clear that he only found out about the available overtime by visiting the shop on the 18th. He did not find out about the overtime through a telephone call from his foreman. Moreover, the undisputed facts clearly establish that the Complainant and the one other electrician who did not work the overtime were similarly situated and treated exactly the same. Both were on leave on October 18, 1991. Neither was called for the overtime work on October 19, 1991. Accordingly, I conclude that the Respondent is entitled to summary decision on the November 17, 1991 complaint. TVA has established that the undisputed facts show that the Complainant has been treated like other similarly situated employees.


[Page 5]

The November 26, 1991 Complaint

   The parties stipulated to the following facts:

On November 14, 1991, Ed Ditto, the Manager of Electrical Maintenance, received a call from SQN requesting that he temporarily assign some WBN annual Maintenance electricians beginning that afternoon to assist in the outage at SQN. Because SQN is an operating nuclear plant, Mr. Ditto was requested to send only electricians who had up-to-date training to work in a contaminated environment. Among the training that was required was Health Physics General Employee Training (HP GET). Those WBN annual Maintenance electricians whose HP GET certification had expired were not considered for the temporary assignment to SQN. Accordingly, Mr. Ditto asked for HP GET-certified volunteers. When no currently HP GET-certified WBN annual Maintenance electricians volunteered to go to SQN for the temporary assignment, four HP GET-certified annual Maintenance electricians with the least TVA seniority were temporarily assigned to SQN. While at SQN, those electricians earned more than ,500 each in overtime pay. (Stip. 9).

Because WBN is under construction and is not an operating nuclear plant, HP GET training is not required to work there. Therefore, shortly after he reported to work at WBN in October 1990, Mr. Ditto decided to discontinue scheduling HP GET training for annual Maintenance electricians. Although Mr. Gillilan had previously worked at SQN and BFN, and he had received HP GET training in 1988, his certification had expired by November 1991 and he had not been retrained. No WBN annual Maintenance electrician received HP GET training in order to qualify for the November 1991 temporary assignment at SQN. The four electricians who were assigned to SQN had received their HP GET training in October and November 1990 and it had not expired. HP GET training consists of twelve hours of classroom training spread over two days (Stip 10).14

In August 1991, several hourly electricians who had been assigned to WBN Electrical Maintenance learned that their positions were scheduled to be eliminated. They requested that Mr. Ditto allow them to take HP GET training so that they would be qualified to work at SQN in the event a position became available. Mr. Ditto scheduled seven of those hourly electricians to take HP GET training at WBN on August 20, 1991 (Stip. 11).

Discussion

   TVA argues that the undisputed facts in this case establish that the Complainant was treated the same as other similarly situated electricians in EM. Thus, the Complainant can not establish a prima facie case of discrimination sufficient to withstand TVA's motion for summary judgment. Again, after reviewing all undisputed facts, I find that TVA's argument has merit. The joint stipulations entered into by the parties show that on November 14, 1991, only electricians who had up-to-date training to work in a contaminated environment were in fact sent to SQN. The Complainant did not have such up-to-date training. In October 1990, Mr. Ditto had decided to discontinue scheduling HP GET training for annual maintenance electricians working at WBN. Because WBN was only under construction and not an operating plant, HP GET


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training was not required. The Complainant was not the only electrician to not receive HP GET training after his certification lapsed. The four electricians who were subsequently assigned to SQN had received their training at about the same the same time in 1990 that Mr. Ditto took over and began phasing out the training. Their certificates were still valid in November 1992. Even the Complainant agreed that no electrician received HP GET training in order to qualify for the temporary job at SQN. Based on my review of the undisputed facts presented by the parties, I conclude that the Complainant has been treated like other similarly situated employees. TVA appears to have had other valid non-discriminatory reasons for its actions. Thus, the Respondent is entitled to summary decision on the November 26, 1991 complaint.

The January 10, 1992 Complaint

Background

   Complainant is an electrician employed by TVA on an annual basis and assigned to Electrical Maintenance at WBN. Complainant became aware that he had been reassigned from day (first) shift to evening shift--effective October 15, 1990. On October 15, Complainant reported to work on the first shift rather than the evening shift. At that time, he was notified orally and in writing to report on the evening shift on October 16. Complainant confronted his management and became angry and emotionally upset. He then went under a doctor's care and was prescribed an evening dosage of an anti-anxiety drug which is also a sedative. He did not report back to work on October 16. He was on sick leave from October 16 through November 16 and from November 26 through December 3, annual leave on November 19-21 and 23, from December 5 through January 7, 1991, and January 9-10, 1991, and a combination of sick and annual leave on December 4 and January 8. During that time, Complainant sought to return to work and reported to the TVA Medical Office on December 11-12, 1990. Because he was under the influence of medication, the Medical office imposed medical conditions including no work with energized circuits, powered equipment, unprotected machinery, or vehicles. Complainant's supervisor, Ed Ditto, refused to accept him to return to work in his electrical position with those restrictions. Complainant was advised to return to his doctor to have his medication schedule revised but he did not do so. He remained on leave until he returned to WBN on January 11, 1991. (Stip. 6).

   Complainant filed an ERA complaint against TVA dated November 16, 1990, which was docketed as 91-ERA-31 (JX 10). Deputy Chief Administrative Law Judge, John Vittone recommended that TVA's notion for summary judgment be granted and that 91-ERA-31 be dismissed (JX 12). That case is now pending before the Secretary of Labor.

1992 Return to Evening Shift

   Due to anticipated leave plans of the EM work force during the holidays in late December 1991 and January 1992, Mr. Ditto decided to have all of the organization temporarily report to work on the day shift over the holiday season, regardless of their regular shift assignment. He also gave them notice that following the holidays, the evening shift personnel, including the Complainant, would return to their normal second shift work hours (Ditto 12, p. 5; JX 4, p.4.). On


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December 23, 1991, the Complainant sent Mr. Ditto a letter requesting that he prepare and implement an in-plant seniority list as described in TVA's collective bargaining agreement (JX 4, p. 3). Because the June 6, 1989, seniority list which had been agreed to by Management and the Complainant's Union was still valid, it was unnecessary for Mr. Ditto to prepare a seniority list. Accordingly, the Complainant and the other evening shift personnel were returned to normal evening shift on January 6, 1992 (Ditto 12, pp. 5,6).

Discussion

   TVA argues that the facts which are not subject to dispute show that the Complainant cannot meet his burden of proof to show that there was discrimination with respect to returning the Complainant to the evening shift on January 6, 1992. Moreover, TVA argues that the January 10, 1992 complaint was not timely filed. Finally, TVA avers that the January 10, 1992 complaint is barred by the res judicata effect of Deputy Chief Administrative Law Judge, John Vittone's November 26, 1991, recommended decision and order in No. 91-ERA-31.

   Taking the arguments in reverse order, I reject TVA's assertion that the doctrine of res judicata is applicable to this complaint. Deputy Chief Judge Vittone's recommended decision and order does not constitute a final order of the Secretary of Labor. Only when the Secretary of Labor issues a final order is a res judicata effect created in regard to this complaint.

   TVA next argues that the January 10, 1992 complaint should be dismissed as not being timely filed. TVA asserts that the effect of any alleged discrimination complained of actually took place in October, 1990, when the Complainant was first placed on the evening shift. Moreover, the later filed complaint (No. 91-ERA-31) was recommended by Judge Vittone to be dismissed as being late filed. The Complainant, in his brief, concedes that this is an attempt to litigate the merits of the prior complaint which Judge Vittone declined to address. I agree with TVA that the complaint is not timely. It would be inappropriate to allow the Complainant to somehow resurrect and address through this complaint the merits of a 1990 complaint which is pending final order before the Secretary of Labor. The merits of the 1990 complaint should be addressed, if at all, in the other proceeding. It is certainly untimely to address in the January 1992 complaint the merits of alleged discrimination, the effects of which took place in March 1990. Therefore, I conclude that TVA has established that the facts not subject to dispute show that the January 10, 1992 complaint was not timely filed.

   TVA also maintains that the facts which are not in dispute show that the Complainant can not meet his burden of proof to show that there was discrimination with respect to returning the Complainant to the evening shift on January 6, 1992. In his response, Complainant does not dispute the facts presented by TVA. After a review of the facts I conclude that TVA's argument has merit. TVA appears to have had a valid non-discriminatory reason (i.e. anticipated holiday leave plans) to temporarily move the entire EM organization from evening shift to day shift from mid December 1991 to January 6, 1992. Moreover, the temporary nature of the shift change appears to have been made clear to the employees. Furthermore, the facts show that on January 6,


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1992, the Complainant and other members of his shift returned to the evening shift because other workers were no longer on holiday leave. The Complainant has not even suggested a discriminatory reason for his return to the evening shift. Accordingly, I conclude that the Respondent is entitled to summary judgment on the January 10, 1992 complaint. TVA has established that the undisputed facts show that the Complainant cannot meet his burden of proof that there was discrimination with respect to returning the Complainant to the evening shift on January 6, 1992. TVA has shown that the Complainant has been treated like other similarly situated employees and that TVA had another valid nondiscriminatory reason for its actions.

   For the foregoing reasons, I find that the Complainant has failed to state that there is any genuine issue as to any material fact with regard to the complaints dated October 10, 1991, November 17, 1991, November 26, 1991, and January 10, 1992, and that the Respondent is entitled summary judgement and dismissal of all complaints raised in this case as a matter of law. 29 C.F.R. §18.40(d).

RECOMMENDED ORDER

   Respondent's Motion for Summary Judgment is hereby GRANTED. Complainant's October 10, 1991, November 17, 1991, November 26, 1991, and January 10, 1992 complaints are DISMISSED.

      DANIEL A. SARNO, JR.
      Administrative Law Judge

DAS/ccb

[ENDNOTES]

1hereafter referred to as Stip. 1 - Stip. 12.

2hereafter referred to as JX 1 - JX 13.

3hereafter referred to as Ditto #1.

4hereafter referred to as Ditto #2.

5hereafter referred to as Gil. #1.

6hereafter referred to as Gil. #2.

7hereafter referred to as Marquand aff.

8hereafter referred to as Reply X1 - Reply XS.

9hereafter referred to as Response X1 - Response X13.

10Complainant was in various out-of-state locations during this time. (Gil. 12, pp 33, 34,35). He acknowledged that TVA may have called his home; however, he denied that any messages were left with his housekeeper by TVA (Gil. #2, pp. 19, 20).

11Complainant agreed that he knew of the registered letter but made no attempt to pick it up. He called the post office about the letter but could not recall either asking or being told whom the letter was from (Gil. #2, pp. 12, 165, 35-36).

12Mr. Ditto stated that the Complainant failed to express any interest in his application upon his return to work on January 11, 1991 (Ditto #2, p. 2). The record does not reflect that the

Complainant inquired about scheduling an interview after learning that some had been scheduled.

13While the Complainant argues that he has been telephoned by his foreman in the past for overtime, he does not assert that any of these calls took place, while he was on leave (Gill #2, pp. 55, 56). Nor has the Complainant asserted that his presence was essential to the overtime work.

14In the Response brief, the Complainant maintains that documents obtained subsequent to entering into the stipulations show that the certificates of all 4 had expired. (Response X 812). However, TVA in its reply brief, points out that the Complainant mistakenly identified the relevant training as "Health Physics Level II Retraining (GET 002.300)". TVA notes that during discovery it was made clear that the only relevant training was GET 022/023 and 010/011 (Marquand aff.; Reply X 1 p.7). The training records of the four individuals sent to SQN show they had received the necessary training in October and November of 1990 (Marquand aff.; Reply X 3-6) . I find that a review of the documents supports TVA's assertions. Moreover, the Complainant's assertions concerning GET 002.300 appear groundless. Therefore, I accept the stipulations as submitted by the parties.



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