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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Rd.
Atlanta, GA 30333
USA
(404) 639-3311 |
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Clinically
Compatible Illness
Rash (macular,
papular, vesicular, or pustular; generalized or localized; discrete or
confluent)
Other possible signs and symptoms:
- Conjunctivitis
- Coryza
- Cough
- Anorexia
- Lethargy
Epidemiological
Criteria
- Originating
from the shipment of rodents from Ghana to Texas on April 9, 2003 (i.e.,
Gambian giant rats, rope squirrels, tree squirrels, striped mice, brush-tailed
porcupines, and dormice)
- Originating
from a pet holding facility where wild or exotic mammalian pets1
with suspect, probable, or confirmed monkeypox have been reported.
- Exposure2
to a wild or exotic mammalian pet that has been diagnosed with suspect,
probable, or confirmed monkeypox.
- Exposure2
to a suspect, probable, or confirmed human case of monkeypox.
Laboratory
Criteria
- Isolation
of monkeypox virus in culture
- Demonstration
of monkeypox virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction testing in a clinical
specimen
- Demonstration
of virus morphologically consistent with an orthopoxvirus by electron
microscopy in the absence of exposure to another orthopoxvirus
- Demonstration
of presence of orthopox virus in tissue using immunohistochemical testing
methods in the absence of exposure to another orthopoxvirus.
Case Classification
Suspect
Case
- Meets
one of the epidemiologic criteria, AND
- Rash
OR two or more other signs or symptoms
Probable
Case
- Meets
one of the epidemiologic criteria, AND
- Rash
AND two or more other signs or symptoms
Confirmed
Case
- Meets
one of the epidemiologic criteria, AND
- Rash
AND two or more other signs and symptoms, AND
- Meets
one of the laboratory criteria
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1
Wild or exotic mammalian pets include prairie dogs, Gambian giant rats,
rope squirrels, tree squirrels, striped mice, and dormice. Exposure to
other exotic or non-exotic mammalian pets will be considered on a case-by-case
basis; assessment should include the likelihood of contact with a mammal
with monkeypox and the compatibility of clinical illness with monkeypox.
2
Exposure includes living in a household as a human or a wild or exotic
mammalian pet with monkeypox, or originating from the same pet holding
facility as a wild or exotic mammalian pet with monkeypox.
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