ENDNOTES TO GRAIN: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE
REGIONAL TABLES
North America:
Canada, Mexico, the United States.
Central
America:
Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador,
Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama.
Caribbean:
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin
Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies,
Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands,
Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St.
Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos
Islands, Virgin Islands of the U.S.
South America:
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia,
Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay,
Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela.
EU:
Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, United Kingdom.
Other Europe:
Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar,
Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland.
Former Soviet
Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.
Middle East:
Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,
Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.
North Africa:
Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
Sub-Saharan
Africa: all African countries except North Africa.
East Asia:
China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia,
Taiwan.
South Asia:
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives.
Southeast
Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam.
Oceania:
Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea.
OTHER NOTES
Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the
12-month period following the main harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e.,
consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed begins a country's LMY for
that commodity (2008/09 starts in 2008); except for summer grains in certain
Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the
second year begins the LMY (2008/09 starts in 2009). Key exporter LMY’s are:
Wheat |
Corn |
Barley |
Sorghum |
Argentina (Dec/Nov) |
Argentina (Mar/Feb) |
Australia (Nov/Oct) |
Argentina (Mar/Feb) |
Australia (Oct/Sep) |
Brazil (Mar/Feb) |
Canada (Aug/Jul) |
Australia (Mar/Feb) |
Canada (Aug/Jul) |
China (Oct/Sep) |
EU-27 (Jul/Jun) |
United States (Sep/Aug) |
China (Jul/Jun) |
South Africa (May/Apr) |
Russia (Jul/Jun) |
|
EU-27 (Jul/Jun) |
United States (Sep/Aug) |
Ukraine (Jul/Jun) |
|
India (Apr/Mar) |
|
United States (Jun/May) |
|
Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun) |
|
|
|
Russia(Jul/Jun) |
|
|
|
Turkey (Jun/May) |
|
|
|
Ukraine (Jul/Jun) |
|
|
|
United States (Jun/May) |
|
|
|
For a complete list of local marketing years,
please see the FAS website (http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdAvailability.aspx).
Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are
based on an aggregate of differing local marketing years and should not be
construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in time.
Consumption: World totals for consumption
reflect total utilization, including food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste; as
well as differences in local marketing year imports and local marketing year
exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however,
reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only.
Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the
different local marketing years. All trade tables contain Trade Year (TY) data
which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for analytical
comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and
rye are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year.
EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting
from 1999/00 represent EU-27 and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61
through 1998/99, figures are the EU-15 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-15
member states' data for grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA
database. Data for the individual NMS-10, plus Bulgaria and Romania, exists only
prior to 1999/00.
Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include
wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain equivalent basis. (2) Rice
trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled equivalent
basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye,
millet, and mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed
grains.
Unaccounted: This term includes grain in
transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries, and trade to countries
outside the USDA database.
The Field Crops and Livestock Branch, Industry and
Sector Analysis Division, Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, Washington DC
20250, prepared this circular. Information is gathered from official statistics
of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S.
agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related
information. Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or
telephoning (202) 720-6590.
Note: The previous report in this series was
the Grain: World Markets and Trade Foreign Agricultural Service Circular
FG 06-08 June 2008. For further details on world grain production, please see
World Agricultural Production Foreign Agricultural Service Circular WAP
07-08 July 2008.
This circular is available in its entirety on the World Wide Web via the
Foreign Agricultural Service Home Page. The address is: