Form 10-Q

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Qz+alTAIfX9gfjnG3/Ya/1TBY3nC9N+hOq1j8UlWopfvVI5DZp0H12bALuGk3Vjg 5i1Fwyn9YH5sOLLyuaP+rw== 0001193125-08-111573.txt : 20080512 0001193125-08-111573.hdr.sgml : 20080512 20080512164250 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-08-111573 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-Q PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 5 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20080331 FILED AS OF DATE: 20080512 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20080512 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: VIRAGE LOGIC CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001050776 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SEMICONDUCTORS & RELATED DEVICES [3674] IRS NUMBER: 770416232 STATE OF INCORPORATION: CA FISCAL YEAR END: 0930 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-Q SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-31089 FILM NUMBER: 08823604 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 47100 BAYSIDE PARKWAY CITY: FREMONT STATE: CA ZIP: 94538 BUSINESS PHONE: 5103608000 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 47100 BAYSIDE PARKWAY CITY: FREMONT STATE: CA ZIP: 94538 10-Q 1 d10q.htm FORM 10-Q Form 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(MARK ONE)

x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2008

¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 000-31089

VIRAGE LOGIC CORPORATION

(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)


DELAWARE		77-0416232
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION)		(I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.)

VIRAGE LOGIC CORPORATION

47100 BAYSIDE PARKWAY

FREMONT, CALIFORNIA 94538

(510) 360-8000

(ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE AND TELEPHONE NUMBER,

INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE)

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “ accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer ¨		Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer ¨	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨ No x

As of May 7, 2008, there were 23,512,256 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding.

VIRAGE LOGIC CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q

INDEX


		PAGE

	Part I. Financial Information

Item 1.	Financial Statements

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – March 31, 2008 and September 30, 2007	3

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations – Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007	4

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Six Months Ended March 31, 2008 and March 31, 2007	5

	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	15

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks	26

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	26

	Part II. Other Information

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	26

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	26

Item 4.	Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders	37

Item 5.	Other Information	37

Item 6.	Exhibits	37

Signatures		38

Exhibit Index		39

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

VIRAGE LOGIC CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	March 31, 2008			September 30, 2007
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	22,566		$	14,820
Short-term investments		33,242			42,840
Accounts receivable, net		15,271			12,170
Costs in excess of related billings on uncompleted contracts		1,112			1,134
Current deferred tax assets		1,938			1,939
Prepaid expenses and other		3,634			4,766
Taxes receivable		2,565			2,320

Total current assets		80,328			79,989
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net		3,785			3,643
Goodwill		11,369			11,355
Other intangible assets, net		2,336			2,705
Deferred tax assets		13,873			13,178
Long-term investments in marketable securities		20,628			17,528
Other long-term assets		301			473

Total assets	$	132,620		$	128,871

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	626		$	1,027
Accrued expenses		4,565			4,659
Deferred revenue		8,738			8,996
Income taxes payable		2,834			2,992

Total current liabilities		16,763			17,674
Deferred tax liabilities		978			978

Total liabilities		17,741			18,652

Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $.001 par value; Authorized shares – 150,000,000; issued and outstanding shares – 23,512,256 and 23,190,857 as of March 31, 2008 and September 30, 2007, respectively		24			23
Additional paid-in capital		135,598			135,926
Accumulated other comprehensive income		1,272			1,009
Accumulated deficit		(25,015	)		(26,739	)

Total stockholders’ equity		114,879			110,219

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	132,620		$	128,871

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

VIRAGE LOGIC CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2008			2007			2008			2007
Revenues:
License	$	12,113		$	7,804		$	22,874		$	16,226
Royalties		2,576			2,763			5,875			5,866

Total revenues		14,689			10,567			28,749			22,092

Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenues		3,121			3,376			5,568			7,103
Research and development		6,175			4,823			12,033			9,900
Sales and marketing		3,864			3,763			7,457			7,417
General and administrative		2,111			2,418			3,886			5,082
Restructuring charges		—			—			(3	)		—

Total costs and expenses		15,271			14,380			28,941			29,502

Operating loss		(582	)		(3,813	)		(192	)		(7,410	)
Interest income and other income (expenses), net		767			974			1,934			1,917

Income (loss) before income taxes		185			(2,839	)		1,742			(5,493	)
Income tax (benefit) provision		(447	)		(1,062	)		18			(2,500	)

Net income (loss)	$	632		$	(1,777	)	$	1,724		$	(2,993	)

Net income (loss) per share:
Basic	$	0.03		$	(0.08	)	$	0.07		$	(0.13	)

Diluted	$	0.03		$	(0.08	)	$	0.07		$	(0.13	)

Weighted average shares used in computing per share amounts:
Basic		23,494			23,073			23,466			23,080

Diluted		23,723			23,073			23,730			23,080

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

VIRAGE LOGIC CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)


	Six Months Ended
	March 31, 2008			March 31, 2007
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$	1,724		$	(2,993	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		720			936
Amortization of intangible assets		369			193
Stock-based compensation		1,445			2,633
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(3,102	)		4,086
Costs in excess of related billings on uncompleted contracts		(11	)		(41	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		1,124			(244	)
Taxes receivable		(244	)		(191	)
Deferred tax assets		(695	)		(2,950	)
Other long-term assets		173			(241	)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities		(689	)		(963	)
Deferred revenue		(259	)		(1,093	)
Income taxes payable		(159	)		(2	)

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities		396			(870	)

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of property, equipment and leasehold improvements		(626	)		(111	)
Purchase of investments		(59,002	)		(59,087	)
Proceeds from maturities of investments		65,661			44,783

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		6,033			(14,415	)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock		1,423			611

Net cash provided by financing activities		1,423			611

Effect of exchange rates on cash		(106	)		105

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		7,746			(14,569	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		14,820			20,815

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	22,566		$	6,246

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

VIRAGE LOGIC CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization and Description of Business

Virage Logic Corporation (the Company) was incorporated in California in November 1995 and subsequently reincorporated in Delaware in July 2000. The Company provides semiconductor intellectual property (IP) platforms based on memory, logic, and I/Os (input/output interface components). These various forms of IP are utilized by the Company’s customers to design and manufacture system-on-a-chip (SoC) integrated circuits that power today’s consumer, communications and networking, handheld and portable devices, computer and graphics, and automotive applications.

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information, and in accordance with the instructions to Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements, and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended, September 30, 2007 contained in the Company’s 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal, recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods indicated. Operating results for the six months ended March 31, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2008.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Virage Logic Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and operations located in the Republic of Armenia, Germany, India, Israel, Japan and the United Kingdom. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Foreign Currency

The financial position and results of operations of the Company’s foreign operations are measured using currencies other than the U.S. dollar as their functional currencies. Accordingly, for these operations all assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rates as of the respective balance sheet dates. Revenue and expense items are translated using the weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the period. Cumulative gains and losses from the translation of these operations’ financial statements are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity, while foreign currency transactions gains or losses, resulting from remeasuring local currencies to the U.S. dollar are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. The net transaction gains and losses recorded in the consolidated statements of operations were not significant in the periods presented.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Accounting for Internal-Use Computer Software

In March 1998, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants issued Statement of Position 98-1, “Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use” (SOP 98-1). SOP 98-1 provides guidance on accounting for the costs of computer software developed or obtained for internal use and identifies the characteristics of internal-use software. SOP 98-1 permits the capitalization of certain costs, including internal payroll costs, incurred in the connection with the development or acquisition of software for internal use during the application development stage. In accordance with SOP 98-1, the Company purchased and capitalized costs of approximately $0 and $48,000 during the six months ended March 31, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Software is amortized for financial reporting purposes using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of three years.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue recognition policy is based on the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition” as amended by Statement of Position 98-4 and Statement of Position 98-9.

Additionally, revenue is recognized on some of our products, according to Statement of Position 81-1, “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts.” The Company recognizes intellectual property revenue in accordance with SOP 97-2 because the software is not incidental to the IP as the IP is embedded in the software and the intellectual property is, in essence a software product.

Revenues from perpetual licenses for the semiconductor IP products are generally recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery of the product has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. The Company uses a completed performance model for perpetual licenses that do not include services to provide significant production, modification or customization of software as all of the elements have been delivered. The Company determines delivery has occurred when all the license materials that are specified in the evidence of a signed arrangement including any related documentation and the license keys are delivered electronically through the FTP server or via Electronic mail (e-mail). If any of these criteria are not met, revenue recognition is deferred until such time as all criteria are met. Revenues from term-based licenses that do not require specific customization for the semiconductor IP and software products are recognized ratably over the term of the license, which are generally between twelve to thirty-six months in duration, provided the criteria mentioned above are met. The Company uses a proportional performance model for term-based licenses as these licenses have a right to receive unspecified additional products that are granted over the access term of the license. Consulting services represent an immaterial amount of our revenue thus are recorded as part of license revenue. These consulting services are not related to the functionality of the products licensed. Revenue from consulting services is recognized on the time and materials method or as work is performed.

License of custom memory compilers and logic libraries may involve customization to the functionality of the software; therefore revenues from such licenses are recognized in accordance with Statement of Position 81-1 over the period that services are performed. Revenue derived from library development services are recognized using a percentage-of-completion method, and revenues from technical consulting services are recognized as the services are performed. For all license and service agreements accounted for using the percentage-of-completion method, the Company determines progress-to-completion based on labor hours incurred in comparison to the estimated total service hours required to complete the development or service or on the value of contract milestones completed. The Company believes that it is able to reasonably and reliably estimate the costs to complete projects accounted for using the percentage-of-completion method based on historical experience of similar project requirements. If the Company cannot reasonably and reliably estimate the costs to complete a project, the completed contract method of accounting is used, such that costs are deferred until the project is completed, at which time revenues and related costs are recognized. A provision for estimated losses on projects is made in the period in which the loss becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated. Costs incurred in advance of revenue recognition are recorded as costs in excess of related revenue on uncompleted contracts. If customer acceptance is required for completion of specified milestones, the related revenue is deferred until the acceptance criteria are met. If a portion of the value of a contract is contingent based on meeting a specified criteria, then the contingent value of the contract is deferred until the contingency has been satisfied or removed.

For agreements that include multiple elements, the Company recognizes revenues attributable to delivered or completed elements when such elements are completed or delivered. The amount of revenues is determined by applying the residual method of accounting by deducting the aggregate fair value of the undelivered or uncompleted elements, which the Company determines by each such element’s vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value, from the total revenues recognizable under such agreement. Vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value of each element of an arrangement is based upon the higher of the normal pricing for such licensed product and service when sold separately or the actual price stated in the contract, and for maintenance, it is determined based on 20% of the net selling price of the license for new agreements starting in fiscal 2007 or the higher of the actual price stated in the contract or the stated renewal rate in each contract for all contracts entered into prior to fiscal 2007. Revenues are recognized once the Company delivers the element identified as having vendor-specific objective evidence or once the provision of the services is completed. Maintenance revenues are recognized ratably over the remaining contractual term of the maintenance period from the date of delivery of the licensed materials receiving maintenance, which is generally twelve months.

The Company assesses whether the fee associated with each transaction is fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured and evaluates the payment terms. If a portion of the fee is due beyond normal payment terms, the Company recognizes the revenues on the payment due date, as long as collection is reasonably assured. The Company assesses collectibility based on a number of factors, including past transaction history and the overall credit-worthiness of the customer. If collection is not reasonably assured, revenue is deferred and recognized at the time collection becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of the payment.

deferred revenues and unbilled accounts receivable in any given period. All of the criteria under SOP 97-2 or SOP 81-1, as applicable, have been met, prior to the recognition of any revenue that would create an unbilled accounts receivable balance.

Royalty revenues are generally determined and recognized one quarter in arrears based on SOP 97-2, when a production volume report is received from the customer or foundry, and are calculated based on actual production volumes of wafers containing chips utilizing our semiconductor IP technologies based on a rate per-chip or rate per-wafer depending on the terms of the respective license agreement. Depending on the contractual terms, prepaid royalties are recognized as revenue upon either the receipt of a corresponding royalty report or after all related license deliverables have been made.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments, including cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are recorded at cost, which approximates their fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments.

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Short-term and Long-term Investments

For purposes of the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid instruments with an original maturity on the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2008 and 2007 consisted of money market funds and commercial paper. The Company determines the appropriate classification of investment securities at the time of purchase. As of March 31, 2008 and 2007, all investment securities are designated as “available-for-sale” and are carried at fair value. The Company considers all investments that are available-for-sale that have a maturity date longer than three months and less than twelve months to be short-term investments. The Company considers all investments that have a maturity of more than twelve months to be long-term investments. Long-term investments include government and federal agency bonds of $20.6 million and $17.5 million with maturity dates greater than one year for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2008 and fiscal year ended September 30, 2007, respectively.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 141, “Business Combinations”, and SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (SFAS 142), goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are no longer to be amortized, but instead are subject to annual impairment tests. As required by the provisions of SFAS 142, the Company evaluates goodwill for impairment on an annual basis on September 30 each year or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. A significant impairment could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position and results of operations. No impairment charge or amortization of goodwill was recorded during fiscal year 2007 or 2008.

Acquired Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets, net are as follows (in thousands):


	March 31, 2008							September 30, 2007
	Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Total		Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Total
Amortized intangible assets:
Patents	$	3,500	$	(2,192	)	$	1,308	$	3,500	$	(2,035	)	$	1,465
Customer lists		300		(44	)		256		300		(5	)		295
Technology		800		(116	)		684		800		(17	)		783

		4,600		(2,352	)		2,248		4,600		(2,057	)		2,543
Unamortized intangible assets:
Workforce		269		(269	)		—		269		(202	)		67
Customer lists		27		(27	)		—		27		(20	)		7
Other		353		(265	)		88		353		(265	)		88

Total (*)	$	5,249	$	(2,913	)	$	2,336	$	5,249	$	(2,544	)	$	2,705

*	Intangible assets include approximately $88,000 related to customer lists which are no longer amortized in accordance with SFAS 142.

The aggregate amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets totaled approximately $369,000 and $193,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Estimated amortization expenses of intangible assets for the next five fiscal years and all years thereafter are as follows (in thousands):


Estimated Amortization Expense
2008	$	294
2009		589
2010		589
2011		566
2012		210
Thereafter		—

Total	$	2,248

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Options and Stock Settled Appreciation Rights (“SSARS”)

As of October 1, 2005, we adopted SFAS 123R, “Share-Based Payment”. We use the fair value method to apply the provisions of SFAS 123R with a modified prospective application which provides for certain changes to the method for valuing stock-based compensation. The valuation provisions of SFAS 123R apply to new awards and to unvested awards that are outstanding on the effective date. Under the modified prospective application, prior periods are not revised for comparative purposes. Total SFAS 123R compensation expense recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 were $1.0 million and $1.2 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2008, total unrecognized estimated compensation expense related to non-vested stock options and stock settled appreciation rights granted prior to that date was $7.3 million and will be amortized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.

The estimated stock-based compensation expense related to the Company’s stock-based awards for the three and six months period ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2008			Three Months Ended March 31, 2007			Six Months Ended March 31, 2008			Six Months Ended March 31, 2007
Cost of revenue	$	177		$	240		$	279		$	478
Research and development		304			285			525			617
Sales and marketing		30			255			118			635
General and administrative		518			387			523			903

Stock-based compensation expense		1,029			1,167			1,445			2,633
Related income tax benefits		(376	)		(286	)		(528	)		(626	)

Stock-based compensation expense, net of tax benefits	$	653		$	881		$	917		$	2,007

Net stock-based compensation expense, per common share:
Basic	$	0.03		$	0.04		$	0.04		$	0.09

Diluted	$	0.03		$	0.04		$	0.04		$	0.09

As of March 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company capitalized approximately $83,000 and $21,000, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense related to our custom contracts which have not been completed.

The Company is using the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value the compensation expense associated with our stock-based awards under SFAS 123R. In addition, the Company estimates forfeitures when recognizing compensation expense, and the Company will adjust our estimate of forfeitures over the requisite service period based on the extent to which actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from such estimates. Changes in estimated forfeitures will be recognized through an adjustment in the period of change and will also impact the amount of compensation expense to be recognized in future periods.

The following weighted average assumptions were used in the estimated grant date fair value calculations for stock options and stock settled appreciation rights awards:


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	March 31, 2008		March 31, 2007		March 31, 2008		March 31, 2007
Volatility	44	%	54	%	44	%	56	%
Risk-free interest rate	2.2	%	4.5	%	3.3	%	4.6	%
Dividend yield	0.0	%	0.0	%	0.0	%	0.0	%
Expected life (years)	4.63 years		4.25 years		4.63 years		4.25 years

The expected stock price volatility rates are based on historical volatilities of our common stock. The risk free interest rates are based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the SSARS and option grants. The average expected life represents the weighted average period of time that options and SSARS granted are expected to be outstanding giving consideration to vesting schedules and our historical exercise patterns. The Black-Scholes weighted average fair values of awards granted during the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 were $2.66 and $3.38, respectively. The Black-Scholes weighted average fair values of awards granted during the three and six months ended March 31, 2007 were $4.04 and $4.24, respectively.

Restricted Stock Units

During the first quarter of fiscal year 2007, the Company began issuing restricted stock unit awards as an additional form of equity compensation to its employees and officers, pursuant to Company’s stockholder-approved 2002 Equity Incentive Plan. Restricted stock units generally vest over a two or four year period and unvested restricted stock units are forfeited and cancelled as of the date that employment terminates. Restricted stock units are settled in shares of the Company’s common stock upon vesting. The cost of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards is determined using the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant, and compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period.

The following table summarizes the activity of the Company’s unvested restricted stock units as of March 31, 2008 and changes during the six months ended March 31, 2008, is presented below:


	Restricted Stock Units
	Number of shares		Weighted- average grant- date fair value
Nonvested as of September 30, 2007	155,120		$	8.29
RSU granted	159,977		$	7.24
RSU vested	(58,870	)	$	8.55
RSU canceled	(3,800	)	$	8.76

Nonvested as of March 31, 2008	252,427		$	7.55

Stock-based compensation cost for restricted stock units for the six months ended March 31, 2008 was $0.3 million. As of March 31, 2008, the total unrecognized compensation cost net of forfeitures related to unvested awards not yet recognized is $1.5 million and is expected to be recognized over a period of 2.0 years.

Equity Incentive Plans

The Company has two active incentive plans: the 2001 Incentive and Non-statutory Stock Option Plan and the 2002 Equity Incentive Plan. We continue to have awards outstanding under our expired 1997 Equity Incentive Plan. In November 2006, the Company began issuing SSARs which provide the holder the right to receive an amount settled in stock at the time of the exercise. Under our equity incentive plans, stock options and SSARs generally have a vesting period of four years, are exercisable for a period not to exceed ten years from the date of grant and are generally granted at prices not less than the fair value of our common stock at the time of grant.

Information with respect to the Equity Incentive Plans is summarized as follows:


	Shares Available for Grant		Number of Options/SSARs Outstanding		Weighted Average Exercise Price
Balance at September, 2007	971,061		5,769,432		$	9.46
SSARs granted	(545,042	)	545,042		$	8.36
Restricted stock units granted	(159,977	)	—			—
Options and SSARs exercised	—		(282,893	)	$	5.03
Options and SSARs canceled	241,502		(241,502	)	$	9.86
Restricted stock units canceled	3,800		—			—
Options expired (unissued)	(71,326	)	—			—

Balance at March 31, 2008	440,018		5,790,079		$	9.55

The following table summarizes information about stock options and SSARs outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2008:


		Awards Outstanding					Awards Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value		Number of Shares	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
		(In years)			(In thousands)			(In years)			(In thousands)
$0.13 - $6.63	586,704	4.33	$	4.32	$	890	586,704	4.33	$	4.31	$	890
$6.70 - $7.11	625,600	9.50	$	7.04	$	—	2,333	6.10	$	6.71	$	—
$7.25 - $7.81	807,073	8.59	$	7.65	$	—	377,133	8.54	$	7.63	$	—
$7.84 - $8.45	709,928	9.28	$	8.21	$	—	141,268	8.42	$	7.90	$	—
$8.63 - $8.87	654,016	7.51	$	8.75	$	—	427,310	6.83	$	8.71	$	—
$8.91 - $10.11	609,822	6.59	$	9.44	$	—	497,697	6.09	$	9.49	$	—
$10.13 - $11.62	579,336	6.61	$	10.71	$	—	552,248	6.56	$	10.70	$	—
$11.64 - $16.11	976,550	4.31	$	14.91	$	—	968,076	4.29	$	14.91	$	—
$16.55 - $22.37	240,800	4.18	$	17.05	$	—	233,967	4.10	$	17.05	$	—
$22.81 - $22.81	250	4.03	$	22.81	$	—	250	4.03	$	22.81	$	—

Total	5,790,079	6.90	$	9.55	$	890	3,786,986	5.71	$	10.54	$	890

Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2008	5,485,560	5.98	$	9.64	$	890

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value, based on the Company’s closing stock price of $5.76 as of March 31, 2008 which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date. The total number of in-the-money options exercisable as of March 31, 2008 and 2007 was 0.5 million and 0.7 million, respectively.

The total fair value of shares vested during the six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 were $2.1 million. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the six month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $0.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The total cash received from employees as a result of employee stock option exercises during the six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $1.4 million and $0.5 million.

A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested shares as of March 31, 2008 and changes during the six months ended March 31, 2008, is presented below:


	Awards
	Number of shares		Weighted- average grant- date fair value
Nonvested as of September 30, 2007	2,307,261		$	3.70
Awards granted	545,042		$	3.38
Awards vested	(432,918	)	$	4.56
Awards canceled	(241,502	)	$	3.87

Nonvested as of March 31, 2008	2,177,883		$	3.30

NOTE 2 – NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share is presented in conformity with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, “Earnings Per Share” (SFAS No. 128). Accordingly, basic and diluted net income (loss) per share have been computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, plus weighted average share equivalents, unless anti-dilutive.

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share applicable to common stockholders (in thousands, except for per share data):


	Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended March 31,
	2008		2007			2008		2007
Net income (loss)	$	632	$	(1,777	)	$	1,724	$	(2,993	)

Shares used in computation:
Shares used in computing basic net income (loss) per share		23,494		23,073			23,466		23,080
Add: Effect of potentially diluted securities		229		—			264		—

Shares used in computing diluted net income (loss) per share		23,723		23,073			23,730		23,080

Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.03	$	(0.08	)	$	0.07	$	(0.13	)

Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.03	$	(0.08	)	$	0.07	$	(0.13	)

For the computation of diluted net income per share for the three months ended March 31, 2008, the Company excluded options totaling approximately 5.3 million shares from the calculation of the net income per share as they are anti-dilutive. Additionally, for the six months ended March 31, 2008, the Company excluded options totaling approximately 5.2 million shares from the calculation of the net loss per share as they were anti-dilutive.

NOTE 3 – COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income” (SFAS No. 130) established standards for the reporting and display of comprehensive income (loss). Comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net of related tax effects and foreign currency translation adjustments. These items have been excluded from net income (loss) and are reflected instead in Stockholders’ Equity.

Total comprehensive income (loss) for the three and six month periods ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, is as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2008			2007			2008		2007
Net income (loss)	$	632		$	(1,777	)	$	1,724	$	(2,993	)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax		(6	)		(38	)		92		(174	)
Changes in unrealized gain (loss) on investments, net of tax		76			(5	)		171		(4	)

Comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	$	702		$	(1,820	)	$	1,987	$	(3,171	)

NOTE 4 – SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company operates in one industry segment, the sale of semiconductor IP platforms based on memory, logic, and I/Os, and the sale of the individual platform components and has one reportable segment.

The Chief Executive Officer has been identified as the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) because he has final authority over resource allocation decisions and performance assessment.

Revenues by geographic region are based on the region in which the customers are located.

Total revenues by geography are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2008		2007		2008		2007
Total Revenue by Geography
United States	$	5,460	$	3,276	$	11,669	$	7,658
Canada		145		418		1,111		922
Japan		943		254		1,141		738
Taiwan		2,349		3,101		4,579		5,741
Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA)		2,465		2,505		5,065		5,238
Other Asia (China, Malaysia, South Korea and Singapore)		3,327		1,013		5,184		1,795

Total	$	14,689	$	10,567	$	28,749	$	22,092

Total license revenues by process node are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2008		2007		2008		2007
Total License Revenue by Process Node
45 Nanometer technology	12	%	—	%	11	%	—	%
65 Nanometer technology	37		13		37		7
90 Nanometer technology	22		27		22		32
0.13 Micron technology	15		38		16		39
0.18 Micron technology	5		11		4		14
Other	9		11		10		8

Total	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%

The Company has only one product line, and as such disclosure by product groupings is not applicable.

Long-lived assets are located primarily in the United States, with the exception of a building in Armenia, which is owned by the Company. The Armenian building and leasehold improvements are valued at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization and amounted to approximately $2.4 million and $2.2 million as of March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

NOTE 5 – RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, or SFAS 157. The standard provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. The standard also responds to investors’ requests for expanded information about the extent to which the company measures assets and liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings. The standard applies whenever other standards require or permit assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. The standard does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances. SFAS 157 must be adopted prospectively as of the beginning of the year it is initially applied. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are still evaluating the impact this standard will have on our financial position or results of operations.

In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities,” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 permits companies to choose to measure certain financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The standard requires that unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected be reported in earnings. SFAS 159 is effective for financial statements issued beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, although earlier adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating what impact this standard will have on our financial position or results of operations.

In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 141 (revised 2007) (“SFAS 141R”), “Business Combinations” and FASB Statement No. 160 (“SFAS 160”), “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51”. SFAS 141R will change how business acquisitions are accounted for and will impact financial statements both on the acquisition date and in subsequent periods. SFAS 160 will change the accounting and reporting for minority interests, which will be recharacterized as noncontrolling interests and classified as a component of equity. SFAS 141R and SFAS 160 are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is not permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact SFAS 141R and SFAS 160 will have on our financial position or results of operations.

NOTE 6 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Indemnification. The Company enters into standard license agreements in its ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company agrees to indemnify its customers for losses suffered or incurred by them as a result of any patent, copyright, or other intellectual property infringement claims by any third party with respect to the Company’s products. These agreements generally have perpetual terms. The maximum amount of indemnification the Company could be required to make under these agreements is generally limited to the license fees received by the Company. The Company has no history of claims and accordingly, no liabilities have been recorded for indemnification under these agreements as of March 31, 2008.

Warranties. The Company offers its customers a warranty that its software products will substantially conform to their functional specifications. To date, there have been no payments or material costs incurred related to fulfilling these warranty obligations. Accordingly, the Company has no liabilities recorded for these warranties as of March 31, 2008. The Company assesses the need for a warranty reserve on a quarterly basis and there can be no guarantee that a warranty reserve will not become necessary in the future.

NOTE 7 – INCOME TAXES

Effective October 1, 2007, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation, or FIN, No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty of Income Taxes, as amended. FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. This interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN No. 48 also provides guidance on derecognition of tax benefits, classification on the balance sheet, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN No. 48 utilizes a two-step approach for evaluating uncertain tax position accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (SFAS No. 109). Step one, Recognition, requires a company to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates that a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. Step two, Measurement, is based on the largest amount of benefit, which is more likely than not to be realized on ultimate settlement. The cumulative effect of adopting FIN No. 48 on October 1, 2007 is recognized as a change in accounting principle, recorded as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date.

As a result of the implementation of FIN No. 48, the Company recognized no change in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken in prior periods. All positions taken in the Company’s United States tax return with respect to any book-tax adjustments were highly certain; and accordingly, no reserves have been booked. Upon adoption of FIN No. 48, the Company’s policy to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the Company’s provision for (benefit from) income taxes did not change. As of March 31, 2008, the Company had not accrued any reserve for payment of interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as any adjustments would be offset by additional credits and NOLs.

The Company’s total unrecognized tax benefits as of October 1, 2007 (adoption date) amounted to $2.3 million. All of this amount would affect the Company’s future tax rate if recognized. The Company remains subject to tax examination in the United States from 1999 to 2007 and in our foreign jurisdictions ranging from 2001 to 2007.

ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Statements made in this section, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Some of these statements relate to products, customers, business prospects, technologies, trends and effects of acquisitions. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “estimate,” “potential,” or “continue,” the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties which might cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements. These risks include our ability to forecast our business, including our revenue, income and order flow outlook, our ability to execute on our strategy of being a provider of semiconductor IP platforms, our ability to continue to develop new products and maintain and develop new relationships with third-party foundries, integrated device manufacturers, and fabless semiconductor companies, our ability to overcome the challenges associated with establishing licensing relationships with semiconductor companies, our ability to obtain royalty revenues from customers in addition to license fees, our ability to receive accurate information necessary for calculation of royalty revenues and to collect royalty revenues from customers, business and economic conditions generally and in the semiconductor industry in particular, pace of adoption of new technologies by our customers and increases or fluctuations in the demand for their products, competition in the market for semiconductor IP platforms, and other risks and uncertainties including those set forth below under “Risk Factors”. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof, we expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein. The following information should be read in conjunction with the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section of the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2007 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Overview

Business Environment

Virage Logic provides semiconductor intellectual property (IP) to the global semiconductor industry. Our semiconductor IP offering consists of (1) embedded memories, (2) compilers that allow chip designers to configure our memories into different sizes and shapes on a single silicon chip, (3) IP and development infrastructure for embedded test and repair of on-chip memory instances, (4) software development tools used to design memory compilers, (5) embedded non-volatile memory instances, (6) logic cell libraries, (7) input/output interface components (I/Os), and (8) DDR memory controller components. These various forms of IP are utilized by our customers to design and manufacture System-on-Chip (SoC) integrated circuits that are forming the foundation of today’s consumer, communications and networking, hand-held and portable devices, computer and graphics, automotive, and defense applications. We also provide custom design services to the semiconductor industry.

Our customers include fabless semiconductor companies, integrated device manufacturers and foundries. As semiconductor companies face increasing pressures to bring products to market faster and semiconductors have shorter product cycles, we focus on providing our customers a broad product offering as a means to satisfy a larger portion of our customers’ semiconductor IP needs, while positioning ourselves to offer advanced products as the semiconductor industry migrates to smaller geometries.

The timing of customer purchases of our products is typically related to new design starts by fabless companies and migration to new manufacturing processes by integrated device manufacturers and foundries. Because of the high costs involved in new design starts and migration to new manufacturing processes, our customers’ decisions regarding these matters are heavily dependent on their long-term business outlook. As a result, our business, and specifically our license revenues, is likely to grow at times of positive outlook for the semiconductor industry.

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2008, we derived 70% of our license revenue from the more advanced processes, 90-nanometer, 65-nanometer, and 45-nanometer technologies and 30% from the older process nodes, predominantly 0.13, 0.18, 0.25 and 0.35 micron technologies. The Company expects the 90-nanometer, 65-nanometer and 45-nanometer technologies to drive revenue growth in the foreseeable future while license revenues from the older process nodes decline. Our royalty revenue to date has been from production on the older process nodes, and we expect future growth in royalty revenues to be

driven by the advanced processes, 45-nanometer, 65-nanometer and 90-nanometer technologies, in addition to continued production on the 0.13 and 0.18 micron technologies.

We sell our products early in the design process, and there are time delays of 24 to 36 months between the sale of our products and the time we expect to receive royalty revenues. These time delays are due to the length of time required for our customers to implement our semiconductor IP into their designs, and then to manufacture, market and sell a product incorporating our products. As a result, we expect our royalty revenues to increase in periods in which manufacturing volumes of semiconductors are growing. Future growth of our royalty revenue is dependent on our ability to increase the number of designs incorporating our products and on such designs achieving substantial manufacturing volumes.

Sources of Revenues

Our revenues are derived principally from licenses of our semiconductor IP products, which include:

•

semiconductor IP platforms;

•

embedded memory, logic and I/O elements;

•

standard and custom memory compilers;

•

memory test processor and fuse box components for embedded test and repair of defective memory cells; and

•

Double Date Rate memory controllers, Physical Interfaces, and Delay Locked Loops.

We also derive revenues from royalties, custom design services, maintenance services and library development and consulting services related to the license of logic components. Our revenues are reported in two separate categories: license revenues and royalty revenues. License revenues are derived from license fees, maintenance fees, fees for custom design services, library design services and consulting services. Royalty revenues are derived from fees paid by a customer or a third-party foundry based on production volumes of wafers containing chips utilizing our semiconductor IP technologies.

The license of our semiconductor IP typically covers a range of platform, embedded memory, logic, I/O, DDR memory controller, PHY and DLL products. Licenses of our semiconductor IP products can be either perpetual or term-based. In addition, maintenance can be purchased for both types of licenses.

We derive our royalty revenues from pure-play foundries that manufacture chips incorporating our Area, Speed and Power (ASAP) Memory, ASP Logic, SiWare Memory, SiWare Logic and STAR Memory products for our fabless customers, and from integrated device manufacturers and fabless customers that utilize our STAR Memory System^™ and NOVeA^® technologies. Royalty payments are in addition to the license fees we collect from our customers, and are calculated based on production volumes of wafers containing chips utilizing our semiconductor IP technologies based on a rate per-chip or rate per-wafer depending on the terms of the respective license agreement. Royalty revenues are generally determined and recognized one quarter in arrears, when a production volume report is received from the customer or foundry.

Currently, license fees represent the majority of our revenues. Royalty revenues for the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 were $2.6 million and $5.9 million, respectively. Royalty revenues for the three and six months ended March 31, 2007 were $2.8 million and $5.9 million, respectively.

We have been dependent on a limited number of customers for a substantial portion of our revenues, although our dependence on certain customers over the long term continues to decrease. Our customers comprising the top 10 customer group have changed from time to time. We have two customers that generated 10% or more of our revenue for the quarter ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. We have two customers that generated 10% or more of our revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2008 and one customer that generated 10% or more for the six months ended March 31, 2007.

Sales to customers located outside of North America accounted for approximately 62% and 65% for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Sales to customers located outside of North America accounted for approximately 56% and 61% for the six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Substantially all of our direct sales representatives and field application engineers are located in North America and Europe and service those regions. In Japan and the rest of Asia, we use both indirect sales through distributors and direct sales through sales representatives. All revenues to date have been denominated in U.S. dollars.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires that we make estimates and judgments, which affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. We continually evaluate our estimates, including those related to percentage-of-completion, allowance for doubtful accounts, investments, intangible assets, income taxes, and contingencies such as litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We have identified the following as critical accounting policies to our Company:

•

revenue recognition;

•

valuation of accounts receivable;

•

valuation of purchased intangibles, including goodwill;

•

valuation of long-lived assets;

•

stock-based compensation; and

•

accounting for income taxes.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue recognition policy is based on the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition”, as amended by Statement of Position 98-4 and Statement of Position 98-9. Additionally, revenue is recognized on some of our products, according to Statement of Position 81-1, “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts.” The Company recognizes intellectual property revenue in accordance with SOP 97-2 because the software is not incidental to the IP as the IP is embedded in the software and the intellectual property is, in essence a software product.

License of custom memory compilers and logic libraries may involve customization to the functionality of the software; therefore revenues from such licenses are recognized in accordance with Statement of Position 81-1 over the period that services are performed. Revenue derived from library development services are recognized using a percentage-of-completion method, and revenues from technical consulting services are recognized as the services are performed. For all license and service agreements accounted for using the percentage-of-completion method, the Company determines progress-to-completion based on labor hours incurred in comparison to the estimated total service hours required to complete the development or service or on the value of contract milestones completed. The Company believes that it is able to reasonably and reliably estimate the costs to complete projects accounted for using the percentage-of-completion method based on historical experience of similar project requirements. If the Company cannot reasonably and reliably estimate the costs to complete a project, the completed contract method of accounting is used, such that costs are deferred until the project is completed, at which time revenues and related costs are recognized. A provision for estimated losses on any project is made in the period in which the loss becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated. Costs incurred in advance of revenue

recognition are recorded as costs in excess of related revenue on uncompleted contracts. If customer acceptance is required for completion of specified milestones, the related revenue is deferred until the acceptance criteria are met. If a portion of the value of a contract is contingent based on meeting a specified criteria, then the contingent value of the contract is deferred until the contingency has been satisfied or removed.

For agreements that include multiple elements, the Company recognizes revenues attributable to delivered or completed elements when such elements are completed or delivered. The amount of such revenues is determined by applying the residual method of accounting by deducting the aggregate fair value of the undelivered or uncompleted elements, which the Company determines by each such element’s vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value, from the total revenues recognizable under such agreement. Vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value of each element of an arrangement is based upon the higher of the normal pricing for such licensed product and service when sold separately or the actual price stated in the contract, and for maintenance, it is determined based on 20% of the net selling price of the license for new agreements starting in fiscal 2007 or the higher of the actual price stated in the contract or the stated renewal rate in each contract for all contracts entered into prior to fiscal 2007. Revenues are recognized once the Company delivers the element identified as having vendor-specific objective evidence or once the provision of the services is completed. Maintenance revenues are recognized ratably over the remaining contractual term of the maintenance period from the date of delivery of the licensed materials receiving maintenance, which is generally twelve months.

Amounts invoiced to customers in excess of recognized revenues are recorded as deferred revenues. Amounts recognized as revenue in advance of invoicing the customer are recorded as unbilled accounts receivable. The timing and amounts invoiced to customers can vary significantly depending on specific contract terms and can therefore have a significant impact on deferred revenues and unbilled accounts receivable in any given period. All of the criteria under SOP 97-2 or SOP 81-1, as applicable, have been met, prior to the recognition of any revenue that would create an unbilled accounts receivable balance.

Royalty revenues are generally determined and recognized one quarter in arrears based on SOP 97-2, when a production volume report is received from the customer or foundry, and are calculated based on actual production volumes of wafers containing chips utilizing our semiconductor IP technologies based on a rate per-chip or rate per-wafer depending on the terms of the respective license agreement. Prepaid royalties are recognized as revenue upon either the receipt of a corresponding royalty report or after all related license deliverables have been made.

Valuation of Accounts Receivable

We monitor collections and payments from our customers and maintain an allowance for estimated credit losses based upon specific customer collection risks that we have identified. While such credit losses have historically been within our expectations and the allowance we have established, we cannot guarantee that we will continue to experience the same credit loss rates that we have in the past. Since our accounts receivable are concentrated in a relatively small number of customers, a significant change in the liquidity or financial position of any one of these customers could have a material adverse impact on the quality of our accounts receivables and our future operating results.

Valuation of Purchased Intangibles, Including Goodwill

We periodically evaluate purchased intangibles, including goodwill, for impairment at least annually. An assessment of goodwill is subjective by nature, and significant management judgment is required to forecast future operating results, projected cash flows and current period market capitalization levels. If our estimates or related assumptions change in the future, these changes in conditions could require material write-downs of net intangible assets, including impairment charges for goodwill. The valuation of intangible assets was based on management’s estimates. Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized over the estimated life of each asset. As of March 31, 2008, management believes no impairment of intangible assets has occurred. The carrying value of purchased intangibles, including goodwill, is $13.7 million and $14.1 million as of March 31, 2008 and September 30, 2007, respectively. If the asset is deemed impaired, the maximum amount of impairment would be the full carrying value of the asset.

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets

We review the carrying value of our long-lived assets whenever events or changes in business circumstances or our planned use of assets indicate that their carrying amounts may not be fully recoverable or that their useful lives are no longer appropriate. This review is based upon our projections of anticipated future cash flows from such assets. While we believe that our estimates of future cash flows are reasonable, different assumptions regarding such cash flows could materially affect our evaluations, which could result in an impairment charge. As of March 31, 2008 the Company had intangible assets of $2.3 million related to technology and other intangibles acquired through the acquisitions of In-Chip Systems, Inc. and Ingot Systems, Inc.

Stock-based compensation

As of October 1, 2005, we adopted SFAS 123R. We use the fair value method to apply the provisions of SFAS 123R with a modified prospective application which provides for certain changes to the method for valuing stock-based compensation. The valuation provisions of SFAS 123R apply to new awards and to unvested awards that were outstanding on the effective date. Under the modified prospective application, prior periods are not revised for comparative purposes. Total SFAS 123R compensation expense recognized for the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 was $1.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Total SFAS 123R compensation expense recognized for the three and six months ended March 31, 2007 was $1.1 million and $2.6 million, respectively. At March 31, 2008 and 2007, total unrecognized estimated compensation expenses related to non-vested stock options and SSARS granted prior to that date were $8.7 million and $7.3 million.

We value our stock-based awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, the value of each stock-based award was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model (Black-Scholes model) for the pro forma information required to be disclosed under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (SFAS 123). The determination of the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using a pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to, our expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee equity awards exercise behaviors, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends.

For purposes of estimating the fair value of equity awards granted during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 and the six months ended March 31, 2008, using the Black-Scholes model, we have made an estimate regarding our stock price volatility using the historical volatility in our stock price for the expected volatility assumption input to the model. This approach is consistent with the guidance in SFAS 123R and the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (SAB 107).

The risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield currently available on United States Treasury zero-coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected term of the awards on the grant date.

Furthermore, as required under SFAS 123R, we estimate forfeitures for equity awards granted which are not expected to vest. We calculate the pre-vesting forfeiture rate by using our historical equity grants cancellation information. If factors change and we employ different assumptions in the application of SFAS 123R in future periods, the compensation expense that we record under SFAS 123R may differ significantly from what we have recorded in the current period. Therefore, we believe it is important for investors to be aware of the high degree of subjectivity involved when using pricing models to estimate stock-based compensation under SFAS 123R. There is a risk that our estimates of the fair values of our stock-based compensation awards on the grant dates may bear little resemblance to the actual values realized upon the exercise, expiration, early termination or forfeiture of those stock-based payments in the future. Certain stock-based payments may expire worthless or otherwise result in zero intrinsic value as compared to the fair values originally estimated on the grant date and reported in our consolidated financial statements. Alternatively, value may be realized from these instruments that are significantly in excess of the fair values originally estimated on the grant date and reported in our consolidated financial statements. There is currently no market-based mechanism or other practical application to verify the reliability and accuracy of the estimates stemming from these valuation models, nor is there a means to compare and adjust the estimates to actual values. Although the fair value of employee stock-based awards is determined in accordance with SFAS 123R and SAB 107 using a pricing model, such value may not be indicative of the fair value observed in a willing buyer /willing seller market transaction.

Accounting for Income Taxes

We calculate our income taxes based on an estimated annual effective tax rate in compliance with SFAS No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Under SFAS No. 109, income tax expense (benefit) is recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year, and for deferred tax assets and liabilities for the tax consequences of events that

have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. However, as required by FASB Interpretation No. 18, “Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods” (FIN 18), the impact of items of tax expense (or benefit) that do not relate to “ordinary income” in the current year generally should be accounted for discretely in the period in which it occurs and be excluded from the effective tax rate calculation. As a result the Company reported a discrete tax benefit of approximately $55,000 relating primarily to disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock options which had previously been expensed for generally accepted accounting principles purposes. Significant components affecting the tax rate include an increase from stock-based compensation relating to non-deductible incentive stock options and the composite state tax rate.

For financial statement purposes, we make certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense. These estimates and judgments occur in the calculation of tax credits, tax benefits, deductions and in the calculation of certain tax assets and liabilities, which arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax and financial statement purposes. If actual results differ from our estimates, future income tax expense could be materially affected.

We record the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. These differences resulted in deferred tax assets of $15.8 million and deferred tax liabilities of $1.0 million as of March 31, 2008. We assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets. If recovery is not more likely than not, we increase our provision for taxes by recording a valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets that we estimate will not ultimately be recoverable. We believe that substantially all of the deferred tax assets recorded on our balance sheet will ultimately be recovered. However, should there be a change in our ability to recover our deferred tax assets, our tax provision would increase in the period in which we determined that the recovery was not more likely than not.

In addition, the calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. We recognize liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues in the United States and other tax jurisdictions based on our estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional tax payments are probable. If we ultimately determine that payment of these amounts is unnecessary, we reverse the liability and recognize a tax benefit during the period in which we determine that the liability is less than we expect the ultimate assessment to be. Taxes payable were $2.9 million and $3.0 million as of March 31, 2008 and September 30, 2007, respectively.

As a result of the implementation of FIN No. 48, the Company recognized no change in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken in prior periods. All positions taken in the Company US return with respect to any book-tax adjustments were highly certain; and accordingly, no reserves have been booked. Upon adoption of FIN No. 48, the Company’s policy to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the Company’s provision for (benefit from) income taxes did not change. As of March 31, 2008, the Company had not accrued any reserve for payment of interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as any adjustments would be offset by additional credits and NOLs.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2008 AND 2007

Revenues

The table below sets forth the changes in revenues from the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 to the three and six months ended March 31, 2007 (in thousands, except percentage data):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2008				Three Months Ended March 31, 2007
	Amount		% of total revenues		Amount		% of total revenues		Year-Over-Year Change
Revenues:
License	$	12,113	82.5	%	$	7,804	73.9	%	$	4,309		55.2	%
Royalties		2,576	17.5	%		2,763	26.1	%		(187	)	(6.8	%)

Total revenues	$	14,689	100.0	%	$	10,567	100.0	%	$	4,122		39.0	%


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2008				Six Months Ended March 31, 2007
	Amount		% of total revenues		Amount		% of total revenues		Year-Over-Year Change
Revenues:
License	$	22,874	79.6	%	$	16,226	73.4	%	$	6,648		41.0	%
Royalties		5,875	20.4	%		5,866	26.6	%		9		0.2	%

Total revenues	$	28,749	100.0	%	$	22,092	100.0	%	$	6,657		30.1	%

Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2008 totaled $14.7 million, increasing 39.0% from $10.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007. The increase resulted from a $4.3 million increase in license revenue offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in royalty revenue.

Revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2008 totaled $28.7 million, increasing 30.1% from $22.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2007. The increase resulted from the increase of $6.6 million in license revenue.

For the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, total license revenues by process node are as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2008		2007		2008		2007
Total License Revenue by Process Node
45 Nanometer technology	12	%	—	%	11	%	—	%
65 Nanometer technology	37		13		37		7
90 Nanometer technology	22		27		22		32
0.13 Micron technology	15		38		16		39
0.18 Micron technology	5		11		4		14
Other	9		11		10		8

Total	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%

License revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was $12.1 million, representing an increase of $4.3 million or 55.2% as compared to $7.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007. License revenue increased for the three months ended March 31, 2008 mainly attributed to increases of $3.4 million on the 65-nanometer process, $1.5 million on the 45-nanometer process and $0.6 million on the 90-nanometer process and offset by decreases of $1.1 million on the 0.13 micron process and $0.1 million on the 0.18 micron process and other technologies.

License revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2008 was $22.9 million, representing an increase of $6.7 million or 41.0% as compared to $16.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2007. The increase for the six months was due to increases of $7.4 million on the 65-nanometer process and $2.5 million on the 45-nanometer process. These increases were offset by decreases of $2.7 million on the 0.13 micron process, $0.3 million on the 90-nanometer process and $0.2 million on the 0.18 micron process and other technologies.

Royalties decreased by $0.2 million, or 6.8% from $2.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2007 to $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. For the six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 royalties were $5.9 million.

For the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, total revenues by geography were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2008		2007		2008		2007
Total Revenue by Geography
United States	$	5,460	$	3,276	$	11,669	$	7,658
Canada		145		418		1,111		922
Japan		943		254		1,141		738
Taiwan		2,349		3,101		4,579		5,741
Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA)		2,465		2,505		5,065		5,238
Other Asia (China, Malaysia, South Korea and Singapore)		3,327		1,013		5,184		1,795

Total	$	14,689	$	10,567	$	28,749	$	22,092

Cost and Expenses

The table below sets forth the changes in cost and expenses from the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 to the three and six months ended March 31, 2007 (in thousands, except percentage data):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2008					Three Months Ended March 31, 2007
	Amount			% of total revenues		Amount		% of total revenues		Year-Over-Year Change
Cost and expenses:
Cost of revenues	$	3,121		21.2	%	$	3,376	31.9	%	$	(255	)	(7.6	%)
Research and development		6,175		42.0	%		4,823	45.6	%		1,352		28.0	%
Sales and marketing		3,864		26.3	%		3,763	35.6	%		101		2.7	%
General and administrative		2,111		14.4	%		2,418	22.9	%		(307	)	(12.7	%)

Total cost and expenses	$	15,271		104.0	%	$	14,380	136.1	%	$	891		6.2	%


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2008					Six Months Ended March 31, 2007
	Amount			% of total revenues		Amount		% of total revenues		Year-Over-Year Change
Cost and expenses:
Cost of revenues	$	5,568		19.4	%	$	7,103	32.2	%	$	(1,535	)	(21.6	%)
Research and development		12,033		41.9	%		9,900	44.8	%		2,133		21.5	%
Sales and marketing		7,457		25.9	%		7,417	33.6	%		40		0.5	%
General and administrative		3,886		13.5	%		5,082	23.0	%		(1,196	)	(23.5	%)
Restructuring charges		(3	)	0.0	%		—	0.0	%		(3	)	0.0	%

Total cost and expenses	$	28,941		100.7	%	$	29,502	133.5	%	$	(561	)	(1.9	%)

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues is determined principally based on allocation of costs associated with custom contracts and maintenance contracts, which consist primarily of personnel expenses, allocation of facilities costs, and depreciation expenses of acquired software and capital equipment. Cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2008 totaled $3.1 million, representing a decrease of $0.3 million or 7.6% over $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007. The decrease for the three months was primarily attributable to a decrease of $0.3 million of contract related expenses.

For the six months ended March 31, 2008, cost of revenues totaled $5.6 million, representing a decrease of $1.5 million or 21.6% over $7.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2007. The decrease for the six months was primarily attributable to a decrease of $1.0 million in contract related expenses due to improvement in engineering efficiency, a decrease of $0.2 million in stock-based compensation expenses and a decrease of $0.3 million in contract losses. We believe that cost of revenues will continue to fluctuate in the future, both in absolute dollars and as a percentage of revenues, based on the mix of products sold by us, and the level of license revenues.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses primarily include personnel expense, software license and maintenance fees, as well as capital equipment depreciation expenses. Research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2008 were $6.2 million, an increase of $1.4 million, or 28%, from $4.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007. Research and development expense as a percentage of total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2008 decreased to

42.0% from 45.6% for the same period in fiscal 2007. The increase was primarily due to $0.7 million of personnel related expenses related to the Ingot acquisition, $0.5 million of expense allocated to cost of revenue and $0.2 million of consulting expenses.

For the six months ended March 31, 2008 research and development totaled $12.0 million, representing an increase of $2.1 million or 21.5% compared to $9.9 million for the same period in fiscal 2007. Research and development expense as a percentage of total revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2008 was 41.9%, as compared to 44.8% for the six months ended March 31, 2007. The increase was primarily due to $1.4 million of personnel related expenses, $1.2 million of expense allocated to cost of revenue and $0.2 million of consulting expenses. These increases were offset by decreases of $0.1 million of software and maintenance expenses, $0.2 million of test chip expenses, $0.1 million of stock-based compensation expense, $0.1 million of facility related costs, $0.1 million of travel and $0.1 million of recruiting expenses.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expense consists mainly of personnel expenses, commissions, advertising and promotion-related costs. Sales and marketing expense for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was $3.9 million, representing a increase of $0.1 million or 2.7% over the same period in fiscal 2007. Sales and marketing expense as a percentage of revenue was 26.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to 35.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2007. The increase in sales and marketing expense for the three months was primarily attributable to an increase of $0.4 million of commission expense offset by a decrease of $0.1 million of travel expenses and $0.2 million of stock-based compensation.

For the six months ended March 31, 2008 sales and marketing expenses totaled $7.5 million, representing an increase of $0.1 million or 0.5% compared to $7.4 for the same period in fiscal 2007. Sales and marketing expense as a percentage of total revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2008 was 25.9%, as compared to 33.6% for the six months ended March 31, 2007. The increase in sales and marketing expense for the six months was primarily due to an increase of $0.8 million of commission expense offset by decreases of $0.5 million of stock-based compensation, $0.1 million of travel and $0.1 million of marketing programs.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel, corporate governance and other costs associated with the management of our business. General and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was $2.1 million, representing a decrease of $0.3 million or 12.7% over the three months ended March 31, 2007. General and administrative expense as a percentage of total revenue was 14.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared to 22.9% for the same period in fiscal 2007. The decrease in general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was mainly attributable to a decrease of $0.5 million in personnel related expenses offset by an increase of $0.2 million of stock-based compensation expense.

For the six months ended March 31, 2008 general and administrative expenses totaled $3.9 million, representing a decrease of $1.2 million or 23.5% compared to $5.1 million for the same period in fiscal 2007. General and administrative expense as a percentage of total revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2008 was 13.5%, as compared to 23.0% for the six months ended March 31, 2007. The decrease was primarily due to decreases of $0.7 million of personnel related expense and $0.4 million of stock-based compensation expense and $0.2 million of consulting expense offset by an increase of $0.1 million related to corporate support services.

Interest Income and Other Income (Expenses), net

The table below sets forth the changes in interest income and other income, (expenses), net from the three and six months ended March 31, 2007 to the three and six months ended March 31, 2008 (in thousands, except percentage data):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2008					Three Months Ended March 31, 2007
	Amount			% of total revenues		Amount			% of total revenues		Year-Over-Year Change
Interest income and other income (expenses), net:
Interest income	$	841		5.7	%	$	1,004		9.5	%	($163	)	(16.2	%)
Other income (expenses), net		(74	)	(0.5	%)		(30	)	(0.3	%)	(44	)	146.7	%

Total interest income and other income (expenses), net	$	767		5.2	%	$	974		9.2	%	($207	)	(21.3	%)


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2008				Six Months Ended March 31, 2007
	Amount		% of total revenues		Amount			% of total revenues		Year-Over-Year Change
Interest income and other income (expenses), net:
Interest income	$	1,806	6.3	%	$	1,990		9.0	%		($184	)	(9.2	%)
Other income (expenses), net		128	0.4	%		(73	)	(0.3	%)		201		(275.3	%)

Total interest income and other income (expenses), net	$	1,934	6.7	%	$	1,917		8.7	%	$	17		0.9	%

Interest income and other income (expenses), net, for the three months ended March 31, 2008 totaled $0.8 million compared to $1.0 million for the same period in fiscal 2007. The decrease is due to the interest rate environment applicable to our treasury investment portfolio of marketable securities held as available-for-sale. Interest income and other income (expenses), net, for the six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 totaled $1.9 million.

Income Tax Provision (Benefit)


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2008					Three Months Ended March 31, 2007
	Amount			% of total revenues		Amount			% of total revenues		Year-Over-Year Change
Income tax provision (benefit)	$	(447	)	(3.0	%)	$	(1,062	)	(10.1	%)	$	615	(57.9	%)


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2008					Six Months Ended March 31, 2007
	Amount			% of total revenues		Amount			% of total revenues		Year-Over-Year Change
Income tax provision (benefit)	$	18		0.1	%	$	(2,500	)	(11.3	%)	$	2,518	(100.7	%)

For the three months ended March 31, 2008, we recorded an income tax benefit of $0.4 million. For the same quarter in fiscal 2007, we recorded an income tax benefit of $1.1 million. For the six months ended March 31, 2008 we recorded a tax provision of $18,000 and a tax benefit of $2.5 million for the same period a year ago. The provision for income taxes for the six months ended March 31, 2008 is based on our annual effective tax rate in compliance with SFAS 109. The fiscal 2008 effective tax rate was reduced due to the acquisition milestone payments related to the Ingot Acquisition that we expect to be earned during the second half of 2008. The annual effective rate was calculated on the basis of our expected level of profitability and includes items such as the use of tax credits and income taxes on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries. However, as required by FASB Interpretation 18, “Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods” (“FIN 18”), the impact of items of tax expense (or benefit) that do not relate to “ordinary income” in the current year generally should be accounted for discretely in the period in which it occurs and be excluded from the effective tax rate calculation. As a result, the Company reported a discrete tax benefit of approximately $55,000 relating primarily to the tax deduction from the exercise of stock options which were previously expensed in the income statement. Significant components affecting the tax rate include an increase from stock-based compensation relating to non-deductible incentive stock options and the composite state tax rate. In addition, to the extent our expected profitability changes during the year, the effective tax rate would be revised to reflect any changes in the projected profitability. The difference between the benefit for income taxes that would be derived by applying the statutory rate to our loss before income taxes and the provision actually recorded is due primarily to the impact of state and foreign taxes, non-deductible stock-based compensation relating to incentive stock options as well as other miscellaneous non-deductible items.

The Indian Tax Authorities completed their assessment of our tax returns for the tax years 2001 through 2005 and issued assessment orders in which the Indian Tax Authorities propose to assess an aggregate tax deficiency for the five year period of approximately $1.2 million, plus interest, which interest will accrue until the matter is resolved. The Indian Tax Authorities may also make similar claims for years subsequent to 2005 in future assessment. The assessment orders are not final notices of deficiency, and we have immediately filed appeals. We believe that the assessments are inconsistent with applicable tax laws and that we have meritorious defense to the assessments.

In fiscal year 2005, we made a deposit in local currency equivalent to approximately $260,000 U.S. dollars with the Indian Tax Authorities, as required. The ultimate outcome of the tax assessment cannot be predicted with certainty, including the amount payable or the timing of any such payments upon resolution of the matter. Should the Indian Tax Authorities assess additional taxes as a result of a current or a future assessment, we may be required to record charges to operations that could have an adverse effect on our consolidated statements of operations.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES


	March 31, 2008		September 30, 2007		Change
Cash and cash equivalents	$	22,566	$	14,820	$	7,746
Short-term and long-term investments		53,870		60,368		(6,498	)

Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable debt securities	$	76,436	$	75,188	$	1,248

As of March 31, 2008, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $22.6 million, as compared to $14.8 million as of September 30, 2007. As of March 31, 2008 and September 30, 2007, our short-term and long-term treasury investments totaled $53.9 million and $60.4 million, respectively. In aggregate, cash, cash equivalents and short- and long-investments in marketable securities as of March 31, 2008 totaled $76.4 million, compared to $75.2 million at September 30, 2007. The primary source of our cash in the six months ended March 31, 2008 was cash collections from customers for accounts receivable.


	Six Months Ended
	March 31, 2008			March 31, 2007			Change
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	396		$	(870	)	$	1,266
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities		6,033			(14,415	)		20,448
Cash provided by financing activities		1,423			611			812
Effect of exchange rates on cash		(106	)		105			(211	)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	7,746		$	(14,569	)	$	22,315

Net cash provided by operating activities was $0.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008, representing an increase of $1.3 million over net used in operating activities of $0.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2007. The increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to changes in net income of $4.7 million. This increase was offset by a decrease in changes of operating assets and liabilities of $2.2 million. In addition, we had decreases in non-cash activities which include depreciation, amortization and stock-based compensation of $1.2 million.

Net cash provided by investing activities was $6.0 million for the first six months of 2008, representing an increase of $20.4 million over net cash used in investing activities of $14.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2007. The increase of $20.4 million in the use of cash resulted from an increase of $20.9 million in net purchase of investments and proceeds from maturities of investments, partially offset by a $0.5 million increase in the purchase of property and equipment.

Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $1.4 million and $0.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and was attributed to the proceeds from exercises of employee stock options during the respective periods.

Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of sales growth, market acceptance of our existing and new technologies, the amount and timing of research and development expenditures, the timing of the introduction of new technologies, expansion of sales and marketing efforts, potential acquisitions, and levels of working capital, primarily accounts receivable. There can be no assurance that additional equity or debt financing, if required, will be available on satisfactory terms. We believe that our current capital resources and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our needs for at least the next twelve months, although we may seek to raise additional capital during that period and there can be no assurance that we will not require additional financing beyond this time frame.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commercial commitments at March 31, 2008 (dollars in thousands):


Contractual Obligations	Total			Less Than 1 Year		1-3 Years		4-5 Years		After 5 Years
Operating lease obligations	$	4,979		$	1,383	$	3,091	$	505	$	—
Purchase obligations		7,858	(1)		3,804		4,054		—		—

Total operating lease and purchase obligations	$	12,837		$	5,187	$	7,145	$	505	$	—

(1)	Reflects amounts payable under contracts primarily for product development software licenses and maintenance. We have no off-balance-sheet financing arrangements other than operating leases as defined in regulation S-K Item 303 (a)(4).

ITEM 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our core business, the sale of semiconductor IP for the design and manufacture of system-on-a-chip integrated circuits, has exposure to financial market risks, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. A significant portion of our customers are located in Asia, Canada and Europe. However, to date, our exposure to foreign currency exchange fluctuations has been minimal because all of our license agreements provide for payment in U.S. dollars.

Our international business is subject to risks typical of an international business, including, but not limited to differing economic conditions, changes in political climate, differing tax environments, other regulations and restrictions and foreign exchange rate volatility. Our foreign subsidiaries incur most of their expenses in the local currency. To date these expenses have not been significant, therefore, we do not anticipate our future results to be materially adversely impacted by changes in factors affecting international operations.

We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes and changes in the market values of our investments. We maintain an investment portfolio of various issuers, types and maturities. These securities are classified as available-for-sale and, consequently, are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value with unrealized gains or losses reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Our investments primarily consist of short-term money market mutual funds, United States government obligations and commercial paper. Our short term investments balance of $33.2 million at March 31, 2008 consists of instruments with original maturities of less than one year. We also hold approximately $20.6 million in U.S. government obligation and corporate bonds with maturities greater than one year. The estimated fair value of our investment portfolio as of March 31, 2008, assuming a 100 basis point increase in market interest rates, would decrease by approximately $0.4 million, which would not materially affect our operations. We have the ability to hold our fixed income investments until maturity and therefore we would not expect our operating results or cash flows to be affected to any significant degree by the effect of a sudden change in market interest rates on our securities portfolio. If necessary, we may sell short-term investments prior to maturity to meet our liquidity needs.

ITEM 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer supervised and participated in the evaluation. Based on the evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer each concluded that, as of the date of the evaluation, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in providing reasonable assurance that material information relating to us and our consolidated subsidiaries is recorded, processed and made known to management on a timely basis, including during the period when we prepare our periodic SEC reports. The design and operation of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

None.

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

Risk Related to Our Business

Inability or delayed execution on our strategy to be a leading provider of semiconductor IP could adversely affect our revenues and profitability.

From inception to May 2002, most of our revenues derived from the license of our embedded memory products. In May 2002, we expanded our product offering to also include logic products. In 2003, we added I/Os to our product offering to enable us to offer semiconductor IP platforms. During fiscal 2007, we acquired Ingot Systems, Inc., a provider of memory

controller products and design services. If our strategy to be a provider of semiconductor IP platforms is not broadly accepted by potential customers or acceptance is delayed for any reason, our revenues and profitability could be adversely affected. In addition, our profitability could also be adversely affected due to investment of resources directed to the development and/or acquisition of logic and I/O products and due to lower than anticipated revenues from the sale of such products. Factors that could prevent us from gaining market acceptance of our semiconductor IP products include the following:

•

difficulties in convincing customers of our memory products to purchase other products from us;

•

difficulties and delays in expanding our logic and I/O product offerings; and

•

hurdles we may encounter in building and expanding customer relationships.

We may have difficulty sustaining profitability and may experience additional losses in the future.

We recorded a net income of $1.7 million for the first six months of fiscal 2008 and a net loss of $4.6 million for fiscal 2007. In order to improve our profitability, we will need to continue to generate new sales while controlling our costs. As we plan on continuing the growth of our business while implementing cost control measures, we may not be able to successfully generate enough revenues to return to profitability with this growth. Any failure to increase our revenues and control costs as we pursue our planned growth would harm our profitability and would likely negatively affect the market price of our stock. In addition, if we incurred losses for a sustained period we may be prevented from being able to fully utilize our deferred tax assets which would result in the need for a valuation allowance to be recorded.

If we are unable to continue establishing relationships on favorable contractual terms with semiconductor companies to license our IP, our business will be harmed.

We rely on license fees from the sale of perpetual and term licenses to generate a large portion of our revenues. These licenses produce streams of revenue in the periods in which the license fees are recognized, but are not necessarily indicative of a commensurate level of revenue from the same customers in future periods. In addition, our agreements with our customers do not obligate them to license new or future generations of our IP. As a result, the growth of our business depends significantly on our ability to expand our business with existing customers and attract new customers.

We face numerous challenges in entering into license agreements with semiconductor companies on terms beneficial to our business, including the following:

•

the lengthy and expensive process of building a relationship with potential customers;

•

competition with the customers’ internal design teams and other providers of semiconductor IP as our customers may evaluate these alternatives for each design; and

•

the need to persuade semiconductor companies to rely on us for critical technology.

These factors may make it difficult for us to maintain our current relationships or establish new relationships with additional customers. Further, there are a finite number of fabless semiconductor companies and integrated device manufacturers to which we can license our IP. If we are unable to establish and maintain these relationships, we will be unable to generate license fees, and our revenues will decrease.

If we are unable to maintain existing relationships and/or develop new relationships with pure-play semiconductor manufacturers or foundries, we will be unable to verify our technologies on their processes and license our IP to them or their customers and our business will be harmed.

Our ability to verify our technologies for new manufacturing processes depends on entering into development agreements with pure-play foundries to provide us with access to these processes. In addition, we rely on pure-play foundries to manufacture our silicon test chips, to provide referrals to their customer base and to help define the focus of our research and development activities. We currently have foundry agreements with Chartered, Dongbu HiTek, SilTerra, SMIC, Tower, TSMC, and UMC. If we are unable to maintain our existing relationships with these foundries or enter into new agreements with other foundries, we will be unable to verify our technologies for their manufacturing processes and our ability to develop products for emerging technologies will be hampered. As of consequence, we would be unable to license our IP to fabless semiconductor companies that use these foundries to manufacture their silicon chips, which is a significant source of our revenues.

We must appropriately manage our relationships with foundries and other strategic partners in order to effectively execute on our business strategy.

In relying on pure-play manufacturing relationships and/our other strategic alliances, we face the following risks:

•

reduced control over delivery schedules and product costs;

•

manufacturing costs that may be higher than anticipated;

•

inability of our manufacturing partners to develop manufacturing methods appropriate for our products and their unwillingness to devote adequate capacity to produce our products;

•

decline in product reliability;

•

inability to maintain continuing relationships with our pure-play manufacturers due to competition or market consolidation; and

•

restricted ability to meet customer demand when faced with product shortages.

If any of these risks are realized, we could experience an interruption in our supply chain or an increase in costs, which could delay or decrease our revenue or adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we are unsuccessful in increasing our royalty revenues, our revenues and profitability may not grow as desired.

We have agreements with pure-play semiconductor foundries to pay us royalties on their sales of silicon chips they manufacture for our fabless customers. Beginning with our STAR™ Memory System and more recently with the introduction of our NOVeA^® technology, in addition to collecting royalties from pure-play semiconductor foundries, we intend to increase our royalty base by collecting royalties directly from our integrated device manufacturer and fabless customers. However, we may not be successful in convincing all customers to agree to pay us royalties. For the first six months of fiscal 2008 and 2007, we recorded royalty revenues of approximately $5.9 million. The growth of our revenues depends in part on increasing our royalty revenues, but we may not be successful in increasing our royalty revenues as expected and we face difficulties in forecasting our royalty revenues because of many factors beyond our control, such as fluctuating sales volumes of products that incorporate our IP, short or unpredictable product life cycles for some customer products containing our IP, potential slow down for manufacturing of certain newer process technology, foundry rate adjustments, the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry that affects the number of designs, commercial acceptance of these products, accuracy of revenue reports received from our customers and difficulties in the royalty collection process. In addition, occasionally we have completed agreements whereby significant upfront license fees are reduced or limited in exchange for higher royalty rates, which should result in future royalty revenues, but these royalty arrangements may not provide us with the anticipated benefits as sales of products incorporating our IP may not offset lower license fees.

It is difficult for us to verify royalty amounts owed to us under our licensing arrangements.

The standard terms of our license agreements require our customers to document the manufacture and sale of products that incorporate our technology and report this data to us on a quarterly basis. While standard license terms give us the right to audit the books and records of our customers to verify this information, audits can be expensive, time consuming and potentially detrimental to our ongoing business relationship with our customers. Our inability to audit all of our customers’ books and records may result in us receiving more or less royalty revenue than we are entitled to under the terms of our license agreements. The results of such audits could also result in an increase, as a result of a customers’ underpayment, or decrease, as a result of a customers’ overpayment, to royalty revenues. Such adjustments, as a result of the audit, are recorded in the period they are determined. Any adverse material adjustments resulting from royalty audits may cause our revenues and operating results to be below market expectations, which could cause our stock price to decline. The royalty audit may also trigger disagreements over contractual terms with our customers and such disagreements could adversely affect customer relationship, divert the efforts and attention of our management from normal operations and impact our business operations.

We may be unable to deliver our customized memory, logic and I/O products in the time-frame demanded by our customers, which could damage our reputation and future sales.

A portion of our agreements require us to provide customized products to our customers within a specified delivery timetable. While we have experienced delays in delivering products to our customers, the durations of these delays have typically been short in length so as to not materially damage our relationship with our customers. However, these delays

could adversely impact our operations and our financial performance. Future failures to meet significant customer milestones could damage our reputation in our industry and harm our ability to attract new customers.

We have a long and unpredictable sales cycle, which can result in uncertainty and delays in generating additional revenues.

It can take a significant amount of time and effort to negotiate a sale. Typically, it generally takes at least three to nine months after our first contact with a prospective customer before we start licensing our IP to that customer. In addition, purchase of our products is usually made in connection with new design starts, the timing of which is out of our control. Accordingly, we may be unable to predict accurately the timing of any significant future sales of our products. We may also spend substantial time and management attention on potential license agreements that are not consummated, thereby foregoing other opportunities.

Winning business is subject to a competitive selection process that can be lengthy and requires us to incur significant expense, and we may not be selected.

Our primary focus is on winning competitive bid selection processes, known as “design wins,” to develop products for use in our customers’ equipment. These selection processes can be lengthy and can require us to incur significant design and development expenditures. We may not win the competitive selection process and may never generate any revenue despite incurring significant design and development expenditures. Because we typically focus on only a few customers in a product area, the loss of a design win can sometimes result in our failure to offer a generation of a product. This can result in lost sales and could hurt our position in future competitive selection processes because we may be perceived as not being a technology leader.

After winning a product design for one of our customers, we may still experience delays in generating revenue from our products as a result of the lengthy development and design cycle. In addition, a delay or cancellation of a customer’s plans could significantly adversely affect our financial results, as we may have incurred significant expense and generated no revenue. Finally, if our customers fail to successfully market and sell their equipment it could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations as the demand for our products falls.

Products that do not meet customer specifications or contain material defects could damage our reputation and cause us to lose customers and revenue.

The complexity and ongoing development of our products could lead to design or manufacturing problems. Our semiconductor IP products may fail to meet our customers’ design or technical requirements, or may contain defects, which may cause our customers to fail to complete the design and manufacturing of their products in a timely manner. Any of these problems may harm our customers’ businesses. If any of our products fail to meet specifications or have reliability or quality problems, our reputation could be damaged significantly and customers might be reluctant to buy our products, which could result in a decline in revenue, an increase in product returns and the loss of existing customers or failure to attract new customers. These problems may adversely affect customer relationships, as well as our business, financial condition and results of operations.

As advanced process nodes become more complex we may have difficulty in delivering product specifications in similar timeframes and at comparable costs to older process nodes.

The increasing complexity of our products at advanced nodes requires different customer engagements and validation strategies. Such changes require the acceptance of different business terms and schedules by our customers. They also may require an increase of test silicon for purposes of validating performance parameters. Such changes may impact our ability to acquire new customers and could increase our operating expenses.

Our international operations may be adversely affected by instability in the countries in which we operate.

We currently have subsidiaries or branches in the Republic of Armenia, India, the United Kingdom, Israel, Germany and Japan. In addition, a significant portion of our IP is being developed in development centers located in the Republic of Armenia and India. Israel continues to face a significant level of civic unrest. India is experiencing rising costs and in certain industries, intense competition for highly qualified personnel. Armenia has in recent years suffered significant political and economic instability. Accordingly, conditions in areas of the world in which we operate may adversely affect our business in a number of ways, including the following:

•

changes in the political or economic conditions in Armenia and changes in the economic conditions in India and the surrounding region, such as fluctuations in exchange rates, changes in laws protecting IP, the

imposition of currency transfer restrictions or limitations, or the adoption of burdensome trade or tax policies, procedures, rules, regulations or tariffs, changes in the demand for technical personnel could adversely affect our ability to develop new products, to take advantage of the cost savings associated with operations in Armenia and India, and to otherwise conduct business effectively in Armenia and India;

•

our ability to continue conducting business in Israel and other countries in the normal course may be adversely affected by increased risk of social and political instability; and

•

our Israeli customers’ demand for our products may be adversely affected because of negative economic consequences associated with reduced levels of safety and security in Israel.

Problems associated with international business operations could affect our ability to license our IP.

Sales to customers located outside North America accounted for 54% and 60% of our revenues for fiscal years ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively. For the six months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, sales to customers located outside North America accounted for 56% and 61% of our revenues, respectively. We anticipate that sales to customers located outside North America will continue to increase and will represent a significant portion of our total revenues in future periods. In addition, most of our customers that do not own their own fabrication plants rely on pure-play foundries located outside of North America. Accordingly, our operations and revenues are subject to a number of risks associated with doing business in international markets, including the following:

•

managing distributors and sales partners outside the U.S.;

•

staffing and managing non-U.S. branch offices and subsidiaries;

•

political and economic instability;

•

greater difficulty in collecting account receivables resulting in longer collection periods;

•

foreign currency exchange fluctuations;

•

changes in tax laws and tariffs or the interpretation of such laws and tariffs;

•

trade protection measures that may be adopted by other countries;

•

compliance with, and unexpected changes in, a wide variety of foreign laws and regulatory environments with which we are not familiar;

•

timing and availability of export licenses;

•

inadequate protection of IP rights in some countries;

•

different labor standards; and

•

United States government licensing requirements for exports, which may lengthen the sales cycle or restrict or prohibit the sale or licensing of certain products.

If these risks actually materialize, our international operations may be adversely affected and sales to international customers, as well as those domestic customers that use foreign fabrication plants, may decrease.

We rely on a small number of customers for a substantial portion of our revenues and our accounts receivables are concentrated among a small number of customers.

We have been dependent on a limited number of customers for a substantial portion of our annual revenues in each fiscal year, although the customers comprising this group have changed from time to time. We have two customers that generated more than 10% of our revenue for the quarters ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. For the six months ended March 31, 2008, two customers accounted for more than 10%, respectively, of our total revenues. For the six months ended March 31, 2007, one customer accounted for more than 10%, respectively, of our total revenues. The license agreements we enter into with our customers do not obligate them to license future generations of our IP and, as a result, we cannot predict if and when they will purchase additional products from us. As a result of this customer concentration, we could experience a significant reduction in our revenues if we lose one or more of our significant customers and are unable to replace them. In addition,

since our accounts receivable are concentrated in a relatively small number of customers, a significant change in the liquidity, financial position, or issues regarding timing of payments of any one of these customers could have a material adverse impact on the collectibility of our accounts receivable, revenues recorded and our future operating results.

Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly and the failure to meet financial expectations for any fiscal quarter may cause our stock price to decline.

Our quarterly operating results are likely to fluctuate in the future from quarter to quarter and on an annual basis due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. Factors that could cause our revenues and operating results to vary materially from quarter to quarter include the following:

•

large orders unevenly spaced over time, or the cancellation or delay of orders;

•

pace of adoption of new technologies by customers;

•

timing of introduction of new products and technologies and technology enhancements by us and our competitors;

•

our lengthy sales cycle and fluctuations in the demand for our products and products that incorporate our IP;

•

constrained or deferred spending decisions by customers;

•

delays in new process qualification or verification;

•

capacity constraints at the facilities of our foundries;

•

inability to collect or delay in collection of receivables;

•

the timing and completion of milestones under customer agreements;

•

the impact of competition on license revenues or royalty rates;

•

the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry and the general economic environment;

•

consolidation, merger and acquisition activity of our customer base may cause delays or loss of sales;

•

the amount and timing of royalty payments;

•

changes in development schedules; and

•

research and development expenditures.

As a result, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and may not be reliable as indicators of future performance. These factors make it difficult for us to accurately predict our revenues and operating results and may cause them to be below market analysts’ expectations in some quarters, which could cause the market price of our stock to decline.

If we are unable to effectively manage our growth, our business may be harmed.

Our future success depends on our ability to successfully manage our growth. Our ability to manage our business successfully in a rapidly evolving market requires an effective planning and management process. Our customers rely heavily on our technological expertise in designing and testing our products. Relationships with new customers may require significant engineering resources. As a result, any increase in the demand for our products will increase the requirements on our personnel, particularly our engineers.

Our historical growth, international expansion, and our strategy of being the semiconductor industry’s trusted IP partner, have placed, and are expected to continue to place, a significant challenge on our managerial and financial resources as well as our financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures. Although some new controls, systems and procedures have been implemented, our future growth, if any, will depend on our ability to continue to implement and improve operational, financial and management information and control systems on a timely basis, together with maintaining effective cost controls. Our inability to manage any future growth effectively would be harmful to our revenues and profitability.

We have recently acquired a small company, and we intend to engage in acquisitions, joint ventures and other transactions that may complement or expand our business. We may not be able to complete such transactions and such transactions, if executed, pose significant risks and could have a negative effect on our operations.

In August 2007 we acquired Ingot Systems, Inc., a provider of memory controller products and design services. Together with its subsidiary in India, Ingot consisted of 26 employees. Achievement of our business goals may be dependent on opportunities to buy other businesses or technologies that could complement, enhance or expand our current business or products or that might otherwise offer us growth opportunities. We may not be able to complete such transactions for a variety of reasons, including our inability to structure appropriate financing for larger transactions. Any transactions that we are able to identify and complete may involve a number of risks, including the following:

•

the diversion of our management’s attention from our existing business to integrate the operations and personnel of the acquired or combined business or technology;

•

possible adverse effects on our operating results during the integration process; and

•

our possible inability to achieve the intended objectives of the transaction.

In addition, we may not be able to successfully or profitably integrate, operate, maintain and manage our newly acquired operations or employees. We may not be able to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies, and this may lead to operational inefficiencies. Moreover, successful acquisitions in the semiconductor industry may be more difficult to accomplish than in other industries because such acquisitions require, among other things, integration of product offerings, manufacturing relationships and coordination of sales and marketing and research and development efforts. The difficulties of such integration may be increased by the need to coordinate geographically separated organizations and the complexity of the technologies being integrated. Furthermore, products acquired in connection with acquisitions may not gain acceptance in our markets, and we may not achieve the anticipated or desired benefits of such transactions. The inability of management to successfully integrate any future acquisition could harm our business.

We have received assessment orders from the Government of India, Income Tax Department, Office of the Director of Income Tax (Indian Tax Authorities) proposing a tax deficiency in certain of our tax returns, and the outcome of the assessment or any future assessment involving similar claims may have an adverse effect on our consolidated statements of operations.

The Indian Tax Authorities completed its assessment of our tax returns for the tax years 2001 through 2006 and issued assessment orders in which the Indian Tax Authorities proposes to assess an aggregate tax deficiency for the five year period of approximately $1.2 million, plus interest, which interest will accrue until the matter is resolved. The assessment orders are not final notices of deficiency, and we have immediately filed appeals to the appellate tax authorities. We believe that the assessments are inconsistent with the applicable tax laws and that we have meritorious defense to the assessments. However, the ultimate outcome cannot be predicted with certainty, including the amount payable or the timing of any such payments upon resolution of the matter. Should the Indian Tax Authorities assess additional taxes as a result of a current or a future assessment, we may be required to record charges to operations in future periods that could have an adverse effect on our consolidated statements of operations.

We may be unable to attract and retain key personnel who are critical to the success of our business.

We believe our future success depends on our ability to attract and retain engineers and other highly skilled personnel and senior managers. In addition, in order to grow our business we must increase our sales force, both domestic and international, with qualified employees. Hiring qualified technical, sales and management personnel is difficult due to a limited number of qualified professionals and competition in our industry for these types of employees. We have in the past experienced delays and difficulties in recruiting and retaining qualified technical and sales personnel and believe that at times our employees are recruited aggressively by our competitors and start-up companies. Our employees are “at will” and may leave our employment at any time, and under certain circumstances, start-up companies can offer more attractive equity incentives than we offer. As a result, we may experience significant employee turnover. Failure to attract and retain personnel, particularly sales and technical personnel would make it difficult for us to develop and market our technologies.

We may need additional capital that may not be available to us and, if raised, may dilute our stockholders’ ownership interest in us.

We may need to raise additional funds to fund growth of our business and any acquisitions we may pursue, to respond to competitive pressures or to acquire complementary products or technologies. Additional equity or debt financing may not be available on terms that are acceptable to us. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership of our stockholders would be diluted and these securities might have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of our current stockholders. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, our ability to fund our expansion, take advantage of unanticipated opportunities, develop or enhance our products or services, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures would be significantly limited.

Risk Related to Our Industry

We operate in the highly cyclical semiconductor industry, which is subject to significant downturns.

The semiconductor industry is highly cyclical and is characterized by constant and rapid technological change, rapid product obsolescence and price erosion, evolving standards, short product life-cycles and wide fluctuations in product supply and demand. The industry has experienced significant downturns, often in connection with, or in anticipation of, maturing product cycles of both semiconductor companies’ and their customers’ products and declines in general economic conditions. These downturns have been characterized by diminished product demand, production overcapacity, high inventory levels and accelerated erosion of average selling prices. We have experienced these conditions in our business in the past and may experience such downturns in the future. We may not be able to manage these downturns. Any future downturns of this nature could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If demand for products incorporating complex semiconductors and semiconductor IP does not increase, our business may be harmed.

Our business and the adoption and continued use of our IP by semiconductor companies depends on continued demand for products requiring complex semiconductors, embedded memories and logic elements, such as cellular and digital phones, pagers, PDAs, digital cameras, DVD players, switches and modems. The demand for such products is uncertain and difficult to predict, and it depends on factors beyond our control such as the competition faced by each customer, market acceptance of products that incorporate our IP and the financial and other resources of each customer. A reduction in the demand for products incorporating complex semiconductors and semiconductor IP or a decline in the general economic environment which results in the cutback of research and development budgets or capital expenditures would likely result in a reduction in demand for our products and could harm our business. In addition, with increasing complexity in each successive generation of semiconductors, we face the risk that the rate of adoption of smaller technology processes may slow down.

In addition, the semiconductor industry is highly cyclical. Significant economic downturns characterized by diminished demand, erosion of average selling prices, production overcapacity and production capacity constraints are other factors affecting the semiconductor industry. As a result, we may face a reduced number of design starts, tightening of customers’ operating budgets, extensions of the approval process for new orders and projects and consolidation among our customers, all of which may adversely affect the demand for our products and may cause us to experience substantial period-to-period fluctuations in our operating results.

The market for semiconductor IP can be highly competitive and dynamic. We may experience loss in market share to larger competitors with greater resources and/or our customer base may choose to develop semiconductor IP using their own internal design teams.

We face competition from both existing suppliers of third-party semiconductor IP, as well as new suppliers that may enter the market. We also compete with the internal design teams of large, integrated device manufacturers. Many of these internal design teams have substantial programming and design resources and are part of larger organizations with substantial financial and marketing resources. These internal teams may develop technologies that compete directly with our technologies or may actively seek to license their own technologies to third parties, which could negatively affect our revenue and operating results. In addition, our existing customers may choose to develop their own technology solutions internally.

Many of our existing competitors have longer operating histories, greater brand recognition and larger customer bases, as well as greater financial and marketing resources, than we do. This may allow them to respond more quickly than we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements. It may also allow them to devote greater resources than we can to the development and promotion of their products. In addition, the intense competition in the market for

semiconductor IP could result in pricing pressures, reduced license revenues, reduced margins or lost market share, any of which could harm our operating results and cause our stock price to decline.

The technology used in the semiconductor industry is rapidly changing and if we are unable to develop new technologies and adapt our existing IP to new processes, we will be unable to attract or retain customers.

The semiconductor industry has been characterized by an increasingly rapid rate of development of new technologies and manufacturing processes, rapid changes in customer requirements, frequent product introductions and ongoing demands for greater speed and functionality. Our future success depends on our ability to develop new technologies and introduce new products to the marketplace in a timely manner, and to adapt our existing IP to satisfy the requirements of new processes and our customers. If our development efforts are not successful or are significantly delayed, or if the enhancements or new generations of our products do not achieve market acceptance, we may be unable to attract or retain customers and our operating results could be harmed.

Our ability to continue developing technical innovations involves several risks, including the following:

•

our ability to anticipate and respond in a timely manner to changes in the requirements of semiconductor companies;

•

the emergence of new semiconductor manufacturing processes and our ability to enter into strategic relationships with pure-play semiconductor foundries to develop and test technologies for these new processes and provide customer referrals;

•

the significant research and development investment that we may be required to make before market acceptance, if any, of a particular technology;

•

the possibility that the industry may not accept a new technology or may delay use of a new technology after we have invested a significant amount of resources to develop it; and

•

new technologies introduced by our competitors.

If we are unable to adequately address these risks, our IP will become obsolete and we will be unable to sell our products. Further, as new technologies or manufacturing processes are announced, customers may defer licensing our IP until those new technologies become available or our IP has been adopted for that manufacturing process.

In addition, research and development requires a significant expense and resource commitment. We may not have the financial and other resources necessary to develop the technologies demanded in the future and may be unable to attract or retain customers.

General economic conditions and future terrorist attacks may reduce our revenues and harm our business.

As our business has grown, we have become increasingly subject to the risks arising from adverse changes in domestic and global economic conditions. Continued unrest in Israel and the Middle East may negatively impact the investments that our worldwide customers make in these geographic regions. If businesses or consumers defer or cancel purchases of new products that contain complex semiconductors, purchases by fabless semiconductor companies, integrated device manufacturers and production levels by semiconductor manufacturers could decline. This could adversely affect our revenues which in turn would have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Risk Related to Our Intellectual Property Rights

We rely on our proprietary technologies and we cannot assure you that the precautions taken to protect our rights will be adequate or that we will continue to be able to adequately secure such proprietary technologies from third parties.

We rely on a combination of patent, trademark, copyright, mask work and trade secret laws to protect our proprietary rights in our technologies. We cannot be sure that the United States Patent and Trademark Office will issue patents or trademarks for any of our pending applications. Further, any patents or trademark rights that we hold or may hold in the future may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented or may not be of sufficient scope or strength to provide meaningful protection or any commercial advantage to us Furthermore, the laws of some foreign countries may not adequately protect our IP to the same extent as applicable laws protect our IP in the United States. For instance, some portion of our IP developed outside of the United States may not receive the same copyright protection that it would receive if it was developed in the United States. As

we increase our international presence, we expect that it will become more difficult to monitor the development of competing technologies that may infringe on our rights as well as unauthorized use of our technologies.

We use license agreements, confidentiality agreements and employee nondisclosure and assignment agreements to limit access to and distribution of our proprietary information and to obtain ownership of technology prepared on a work-for-hire basis. We cannot be sure that we have taken adequate steps to protect our IP rights and deter misappropriation of these rights or that we will be able to detect unauthorized uses and take effective steps to enforce our rights. Since we also rely on unpatented trade secrets to protect some of our proprietary technology, we cannot be certain that others will not independently develop and patent the same technologies or otherwise acquire the same or substantially equivalent technologies or otherwise gain access to our proprietary technology or disclose that technology. We also cannot be sure that we can ultimately protect our rights to and improperly disclose our proprietary technologies to others.

Third parties may claim we are infringing or assisting others to infringe their IP rights, and we could suffer significant litigation or licensing expenses or be prevented from licensing our technology.

There are numerous patents in the semiconductor industry and new patents are being issued at a rapid rate. It is not always practicable to determine in advance whether our technologies infringe the patent right of others. As a result, we may be compelled to respond to infringement claims by third parties to protect our rights or defend our customers’ rights. These infringement claims, regardless of merit, could be costly and time-consuming, and divert our management and key personnel from our business operations. In settling these claims, we may be required to pay significant damages and may be prevented from licensing some of our technologies unless we enter into a royalty or license agreement. In addition, if challenging a claim is not feasible, we might be required to enter into royalty or license agreements. If available, the royalty or license agreement may include terms which require us to obtain a license from the third-party to sell or use the relevant technology which may result in significant expenses to the Company or to redesign the technology which would be time consuming and costly to the Company. In the event that we are not be able to obtain such royalty or license agreements on terms acceptable to us, we may be prevented from licensing or developing our technology.

Risk Related to Our Stock

Our stock price may be volatile and could decline substantially.

The market price of our common stock has fluctuated significantly in the past, will likely continue to fluctuate in the future and may decline. Fluctuations or a decline in our stock price may occur regardless of our performance. Among the factors that could affect our stock price, in addition to our performance, are the following:

•

variations between our operating results and the published expectations of securities analysts;

•

changes in financial estimates or investment recommendations by securities analysts who follow our business;

•

announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, new products or services, acquisitions, or other significant transactions;

•

the inclusion or exclusion of our stock in various indices or investment categories, especially as compared to the investment profiles of our stockholders at a given time;

•

changes in economic and capital market conditions;

•

changes in business regulatory conditions; and

•

the trading volume of our common stock.

A sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock may cause the price of our common stock to decline.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Alexander Shubat, our Chief Operating Officer and a member of the Board of Directors, holds a large block of our common stock. Messrs. Shubat has established a sales plan, or other sales accounts, to sell shares of our common stock and diversify their holdings. Significant sales by insiders, or the perception that large sales could occur, could adversely impact the public market for our stock. Sales transactions are also subject to the restrictions and filing requirements mandated by Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 144. Our officers, directors and principal stockholders controlled as of March 31, 2008 approximately 57% of our common stock. As a result, this significant concentration of share ownership

may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock because investors often perceive disadvantages to owning stock in companies with significant block stockholders.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws as well as Delaware law contain provisions that could discourage transactions resulting in a change in control, which may negatively affect the market price of our common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation, our bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions that make it more difficult for another company to acquire control of our Company. In addition, these provisions could limit the price that investors would be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. These provisions include:

•

our Board of Directors is authorized, without prior stockholder approval, to create and issue preferred stock, commonly referred to as “blank check” preferred stock, with rights senior to those of common stock;

•

our Board of Directors is staggered into three classes, only one of which is elected at each annual meeting;

•

stockholder action by written consent is prohibited;

•

nominations for election to our Board of Directors and the submission of matters to be acted upon by stockholders at a meeting are subject to advance notice requirements;

•

certain provisions in our bylaws and certificate may only be amended with the approval of stockholders holding 80% of our outstanding voting stock;

•

the ability of our stockholders to call special meetings of stockholders is prohibited; and

•

our Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, alter or repeal our bylaws.

We are also subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which provides, subject to enumerated exceptions, that if a person acquires 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock, the person is an “interested stockholder” and may not engage in any “business combination” with us for a period of three years from the time the person acquired 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock. In addition, in February 2007, we executed change in control agreements with our executive officers, which provide severance benefits following a termination without cause, or for good reason, following a change in control. The existence of these agreements and potential pay-outs could act as a deterrent to a potential acquirer.

ITEM 4.

SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITIES HOLDERS.

We held our Annual Meeting of Stockholders on March 7, 2008. The stockholders approved the following proposals:

1.	Election of two Class II directors to serve for a three year term until the annual meeting of stockholders in 2011 and election of one Class III director to serve for a one year term until the annual meeting of stockholders in 2009 each to serve until their successors are elected and qualified.


Nominee	For	Withheld

Cathal Phelan (Class II)	18,765,875	286,674

Michael Stark (Class II)	18,765,626	286,923

Alexander Shubat (Class III)	17,830,121	1,222,428

2.	To ratify the appointment of Burr Pilger & Mayer LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2008.

ITEM 5.

OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6.

EXHIBITS


Exhibit No		Exhibits

31.1		Certification Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act as amended, as Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2		Certification Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act as amended, as Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1		Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2		Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


Date: May 12, 2008				VIRAGE LOGIC CORPORATION

				/s/ J. Daniel McCranie
				J. Daniel McCranie
				President and Chief Executive Officer

				/s/ Christine Russell
				CHRISTINE RUSSELL
				Chief Financial Officer
				(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EXHIBIT INDEX


31.1		Certification Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act as amended, as Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2		Certification Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act as amended, as Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1		Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2		Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

EX-31.1 2 dex311.htm CERTIFICATION OF CEO PURSUANT TO RULE 13(A)-14(A) Certification of CEO Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a)

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13(a)-14(a)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, J. Daniel McCranie, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report of Virage Logic Corporation on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2008;

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 12, 2008

/s/ J. Daniel McCranie

J. Daniel McCranie

President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2 3 dex312.htm CERTIFICATION OF CFO PURSUANT TO RULE 13(A)-14(A) Certification of CFO Pursuant to Rule 13(a)-14(a)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13(a)-14(a)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Christine Russell, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report of Virage Logic Corporation on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2008;

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 12, 2008

/s/ Christine Russell

Christine Russell

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1 4 dex321.htm CERTIFICATION OF CEO PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 Certification of CEO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Virage Logic Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ending March 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), J. Daniel McCranie, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, does hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to such officer’s knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company as of and for the dates presented.

/s/ J. Daniel McCranie

J. Daniel McCranie

President and Chief Executive Officer

May 12, 2008

EX-32.2 5 dex322.htm CERTIFICATION OF CFO PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 Certification of CFO Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Virage Logic Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ending March 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Christine Russell, Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, does hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to such officer’s knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company as of and for the dates presented.

/s/ Christine Russell

Christine Russell

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

May 12, 2008

-----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----

Against

Abstain

Broker Non-Votes