| ![](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/eot2008/20080919230034im_/http://www.epa.gov/epafiles/images/epafiles_misc_space.gif) | ![[Canada]](images/wordmark.gif) ![[Français]](images/francais.gif) ![](images/logo.gif) Jointly produced by: Government of Canada Toronto, Ontario and United States Environmental ProtectionAgency Great Lakes National Program Office Chicago, Illinois Third Edition 1995 Please Note: The maps and photographs used in this on-line versionof The Great Lakes Atlas are, due to file size limits, of lowerquality than the original images. Should you desire better quality images,you may obtain a printed copy of the Atlas. The Atlas isdistributed in both Canada and the United States. DISCLAIMER: Information herein is provided by the U.S. EPA Great Lakes National Program Office. Its use and reference is unlimited, upon condition that the source is correctly attributed. Thank you. | The Great Lakes An Environmental Atlas and Resource Book Chapter One - Introduction: TheGreat Lakes - Physical Characteristics of the System
- Settlement
- Exploitation
- Industrialization
- The Evolution of Great Lakes Management
- Toxic Contaminants
- Understanding the Great Lakes from an EcosystemPerspective
Chapter Two - Natural Processesin the Great Lakes
- Geology
- Climate
- Climate Change and the Great Lakes
- The Hydrologic Cycle
- Surface Runoff
- Wetlands
- Groundwater
- Lake Levels
- Lake Processes: Stratification and Turnover
- Living Resources
Chapter Three - People and theGreat Lakes
- Native People
- Early Settlement by Europeans
- Development of the Lakes
- Agriculture
- Logging and Forestry
- Canals, Shipping and Transportation
- Commercial Fisheries
- Sport Fishery
- Recreation
- Urbanization and Industrial Growth
- Levels, Diversions and Consumptive Use Studies
Chapter Four - The Great LakesToday - Concerns
- Pathogens
- Eutrophication and Oxygen Depletion
- Toxic Contaminants
- Pathways of Pollution
- Loadings to a Closed System
- Control of Pollutants
- Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification
- Habitat and Biodiversity
- Exotic Species
- Fish Consumption Advisories
- Sustainable Development
- Geographic Areas of Concern
- Major Diversion Proposals
- Other Basin Concerns
Chapter Five - Joint Managementof the Great Lakes
- The Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909
- The International Joint Commission
- The Great Lakes Fishery Commission
- The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement-1972
- The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement-1978
- The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement-1987
- National Institutional Arrangements for GreatLakes Management
- Local Public Involvement
- An Ecosystem Approach to Management
Chapter Six - New Directions forthe Great Lakes Community
- Cooperation
- Research
- The Future of the Great Lakes
- People in the Ecosystem
List of Maps List of Diagrams Factsheet Number: - Physical Features and Population
- Land and Shoreline Uses
- a Water Withdrawals
b Water Consumed AcknowledgementsThe third editionof this atlas consists of a revision and update of the original documentproduced by Environment Canada, United States Environmental ProtectionAgency and authored by Lee Botts and Bruce Krushelnicki. Six maps originallyproduced by Brock University Cartography Group have been retained in thisrevised edition. The high quality cartography was recognized by the BritishCartographical Society and received an award for excellence in cartographyand design in 1988. Contributors to the third edition: Principal editors: Kent Fuller United States Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes National Program Office Chicago, Illinois | Harvey Shear, Ph.D. and Jennifer Wittig Environment Canada Ontario Region | The following people and agencies have given valuable assistance tothis project by providing information, reviewing or contributing to text,or by making helpful comments for this third edition: - W. Adam, Great Lakes Commission, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- S. Barrett, Waterfront Regeneration Trust, Toronto, Ontario
- M. Evans, Environment Canada, Ontario Region, Toronto, Ontario
- C. Flaherty, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great LakesNational Program Office, Chicago, Illinois
- P. Fong, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
- A. Gilman, Great Lakes Health Effects Program, Environmental HealthDirectorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
- V. Glumac, Environmental Conservation Branch, Environment Canada, OntarioRegion, Burlington, Ontario
- J. Hartig, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
- J. Mortimer, Great Lakes Health Effects Program, Environmental HealthDirectorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario
- N. Patterson, Environment Canada, Ontario Region, Toronto, Ontario
- N. Stadler-Salt, Environment Canada, Ontario Region, Burlington, Ontario
- S. Thorp, Great Lakes Commission, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- J. Tilt, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto, Ontario
- M. Webb, Environment Canada, Ontario Region, Toronto, Ontario
Principal authors and contributors to the firstand second editions:- R. Beltran, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great LakesNational Program Office, Chicago, Illinois
- L. Botts, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois (Author)
- P. Brown, L. Gasparotto, A. Hughes, Brock University Cartography, St.Catharines, Ontario
- T. Clarke, Environment Canada, Ontario Region, Burlington, Ontario
- D. Cowell, Environment Canada, Ontario Region, Toronto, Ontario
- K. Fuller, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Great LakesNational Program Office, Chicago, Illinois
- B. Krushelnicki, Institute of Urban and Environmental Studies, BrockUniversity, St. Catharines, Ontario (Author)
Additional contributors:- J. Anderson, Department of Geography, Concordia University, Montreal,Quebec
- A. Ballert, Great Lakes Commission, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- A. Beeton, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, NOAA, AnnArbor, Michigan
- F. Berkes, Institute of Urban and Environmental Studies, Brock University,St. Catharines, Ontario
- M. Brooksbank, Environment Canada, Ontario Region, Toronto, Ontario
- V. Cairns, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Burlington, Ontario
- D. Coleman, Inland Waters and Lands Directorate, Environment Canada,Ontario Region, Burlington, Ontario
- M. Dickman, Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St.Catharines, Ontario
- G. Francis, Department of Environment and Resource Studies, Universityof Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario
- A. Hamilton, International Joint Commission, Ottawa, Ontario
- C. Herdendorf, Ohio Sea Grant, Put-In Bay, Ohio
- S. Leppard, Land Use Research Associates, Toronto, Ontario
- J. Lloyd, Environment Canada, Ontario Region, Burlington, Ontario
- J. Middleton, Institute of Urban and Environmental Studies, Brock University,St. Catharines, Ontario
- M. Neilson, Environmental Conservation Branch, Environment Canada,Ontario Region, Burlington, Ontario
- G. Rodgers, National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada,Burlington, Ontario
- R. Shipley, Welland Canal Preservation Association, St. Catharines,Ontario
- W. Sonzogni, Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin,Madison, Wisconsin
- J. Vallentyne, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Burlington, Ontario
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