Rocky Mountain Regional Care Model for Bioterrorist Events: Locate Alternate Care Sites During an Emergency
Oxygen Supply Options
Oxygen Supply Options Developed by the Developmental Center for Operational Management (DCOM), USAF
Text Version of a PowerPoint® Presentation
Slide 1
Deployable Oxygen Solutions for FEMA
Slide presents photos of DOGS System, EDOCS System, and NPTLOX System. Select for Images (87 KB).
Slide 2
Briefing Outline
- Objectives.
- Assumptions.
- Basic Systems.
- Oxygen Generation Process.
- Components—Comparison Matrix.
- Options and Comparisons.
- Additional Considerations.
Slide 3
Objectives
- To provide information about oxygen systems to FEMA for use in emergency mass casualty operations.
- To deliver oxygen to converted medical facilities such as hotels which would become hospitals.
- Provide procurement options.
Slide 4
Assumptions
- FEMA Region 8 possesses the following equipment:
- Respirators.
- Transportation sources.
- Facilities.
- FEMA has procedures for:
- Emergency Response Plans.
- Memorandum of Understanding with Military Medical Organization.
- Procurement/Funding.
Slide 5
FEMA Region 8
FEMA Regional Offices: Serving Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming
Slide presents a map of the U.S. with FEMA Region 8 highlighted. Select for Image of Map (21 KB).
Slide 6
Basic Systems
- Oxygen Generation Systems:
- Deployable Oxygen Generation System (DOGS).
- Expeditionary Deployable Oxygen Concentration System (EDOCS).
- Home Fill Systems.
- Oxygen Storage Systems:
- Mobile Oxygen Storage Tank (MOST).
- New Generation Portable Therapeutic Liquid Oxygen (NPTLOX).
- Hospital Oxygen Backup System (HOBS).
- Oxygen Distribution Systems:
- Portable Oxygen Distribution System (PODS).
- Surgical Oxygen Distribution System (SODS).
Slide 7
Oxygen Generation Process
Example:
- On Board Oxygen Generating System (OBOGS).
Slide 8
Simplified OBOGS Operation
Slide presents a graphical representation of the OBOGS oxygen generating process. Select for Image (45 KB).
Slide 9
Components
| O2 Generation Systems |
Oxygen Flow Rate
Liters/Minute |
Power Req
KW |
Effectiveness
O2 LPM/KW | Cube
Ft3 |
Cost
K | O2 Purity |
| Expeditionary Deployable Oxygen Concentration System (EDOCS) 120 |
120 |
8 |
15 | 108 |
131 |
93 +/- 3 |
| Portable Therapeutic Oxygen Concentration System (PTOCS) |
45 |
7 |
6 | 75 |
40 |
93+ |
| Portable Oxygen Generation System (POGS) |
33 |
12 |
3 | 27 |
35 |
93-95 |
| Patient Ventilation Oxygen Concentration System (PVOCS) |
20/20 |
4.3 |
5 | 73.5 |
35 |
93 +/- 3 |
| Invocare HomeFill Oxygen Compressor |
3 |
0.2 |
15 | 2.8 |
2.5 |
93 +/- 3 |
| *provides oxygen and medical grade air |
Oxygen/Air |
|
| |
| |
Slide 10
Generation Systems
- EDOCS.
- DOGS.
- Home Fill System.
Slide presents photos of DOGS System, EDOCS System, and Home Fill System. Select for Images (71 KB).
Slide 11
Deployable Oxygen Generation System (DOGS)
Essex Cryogenics
- PTOCS Concentrator.
- P/N 60C-0169-0100.
Slide presents photos of DOGS System. Select for Image (66 KB).
Slide 12
Expeditionary Deployable Oxygen Concentration System (EDOCS)
Slide presents two photos of EDOCS System. Select for Images (84 KB).
Slide 13
EDOCS vs. DOGS
| Parameter |
EDOCS 120 |
DOGS |
| Oxygen Purity |
90-96% |
>93% with potential to meet 95% |
| FDA Approval |
Yes |
Yes |
| Oxygen Outflow Control |
No information available |
0.5-15 LPM at each outlet |
| System Weight |
3800 lbs |
870 lbs |
| Portability |
Forklift |
4-person carry on |
| Oxygen Flow Rate |
120 LPM |
45 LPM |
| Oxygen Outlets |
4 Oxygen Fill Ports to fill H-Tanks (comes with M tanks) |
3 oxygen outlets with a minimum flow rate of 11
LPM per outlet at 50 ± 5 psig |
| Cube Size |
108 cubic feet. 2 units can fit on a 463L pallet |
43 cubic feet. 3 units can fit on a 463L pallet |
| Dimensions |
94" L X 40" W X 50" H |
Air tank module—23½" W X 43½" L X 27½" H
Compressor—23½" W X 43½" L X 27½" H
Concentrator module—21"W X 30"L X 38" H
HP cylinder refill component—34"W X 27"L X 23¾ |
| Cost |
$140K |
$33K (POM) (Boost 66 20K)
$39K surge estimate |
| Power |
8 KW (estimated 2-3KW) |
6.8 KW |
Slide 14
Home Fill System
- 3 liters per min @ 14-21 psi.
- 110V AC and 200 Watts.
- Light weight: 33 lbs.
- Approx $2,500.
|
Slide 15
Storage Units
Slide presents photos of MOST System, NPTLOX System, and HOBS System. Select for Images (100 KB).
Slide 16
Mobile Oxygen Storage System (MOST)
- Capacity 11,320 liters @ 2015 psi.
- 150 lbs.
- Non-standard Connections.
- Not FDA Certified.
- Aluminum Lined.
|
Slide 17
Next Generation Therapeutic Liquid Oxygen (NPTLOX)
- Delivers gaseous oxygen at a rate of 66 LPM at 50 ± 5 psig.
- Liquid oxygen storage capacity of 20 liters.
- Has 6 oxygen outlets for patient use, supplies 11 lpm maintaining pressures of 50 ± 5 psig.
- Weight: 150 lbs when filled to capacity.
- Accessory kit for O2 delivery devices.
- Includes a fast-fill interface similar to the current PTLOX.
|
Slide 18
Hospital Oxygen Backup System (HOBS)
- Configured bank of eight steel cylinders with manifold connection for large storage needs.
- 55,000L capacity.
Slide 19
Storage Units
| Criteria |
PTLOX |
NPTLOX | Cylinders |
MOST |
| Weight (lbs) |
103 lbs |
150 lbs |
Variable by type |
150 lbs |
| Maturity (yes/no) |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
| Proven |
In use by AFMS |
Not fielded yet, IOC pending $ |
In use by AFMS |
Proven technology, new application & configuration |
| Power Requirements |
9 volt battery |
9 volt battery |
None |
None |
| Cube (Ft3) |
3.75 |
7.3 |
Variable
by type and size |
9 |
| Availability |
In use |
Jun-Jul 03 |
In use |
12-13 weeks |
| Cost ($) |
$14K |
~$25K |
~$190-250 |
~$13K |
Slide 20
Distribution Systems
PODS—Patient Oxygen Distribution System
- Mimics hospital system.
- Off the floor—no tripping hazard.
SODS—Surgical Oxygen Distribution System
- Operating room equivalent to PODS.
Slide presents photos of PODS and SODS Systems. Select for Images (65 KB).
Slide 21
Pressure Drop
- Pressure drops over the length of distribution system.
- Keep hoses as short as possible.
- With the storage capacity limitation the distributions will not be too long.
Slide 22
Option I
- Expeditionary Deployable Oxygen Concentration System (EDOCS).
- HOBS (8-cylinder manifold system).
- Mobile Oxygen Storage Tank (MOST).
Slide 23
Emergency Oxygen Generation and Distribution System
Slide presents photos of Emergency Oxygen Generation and Distribution System. Select for Images (52 KB).
Slide 24
Requirements and Limitations
EDOCS
- Supplies 10 patients at 11.0 lpm (respirator) or 55 patients at 2.0 lpm (nasal cannula).
- Designed to operate 24 hrs/day.
- Takes 7 hrs to fill 1 HOBS.
MOST
- Unique hoses and regulators.
- Less supportable than the standard H Cylinder.
Slide 25
Option II
- Deployable Oxygen Gas System (DOGS).
- HOBS (8-cylinder manifold system).
- Mobile Oxygen Storage Tank (MOST).
Slide 26
Emergency Oxygen Generation and Distribution System
Slide depicts Emergency Oxygen Generation and Distribution System. Select for Image (19 KB).
Slide 27
Requirements and Limitations
- DOGS
- 3 patient outlets.
- 1 additional fill port.
- Requires Boost 66.
- 1 HOBS stores 55,000 liters of O2.
- Takes 130 hrs to fill up HOBS to full pressure (without patient use).
- 10 patients per 1 HOBS.
- Capable of Operating 24 hrs straight.
Slide 28
Option III
- LOX Storage.
- Filling Tank with NPTLOX.
Slide 29
Emergency Oxygen Generation and Distribution System
Slide depicts process of Emergency Oxygen Generation and Distribution System using LOX Storage/Filling Tank and LOX Storage System (NPTLOX). Select for Image (39 KB).
Slide 30
Requirements and Limitations
- Availability of LOX.
- Extensive Training is Required.
Slide 31
Option IV EMEDS
Slide presents photo of an emergency medical facility. Select for Image (80 KB).
Slide 32
Requirements and Limitations
- Max 25 Patients per EMED layout.
- Extensive activation procedures.
- Surgical Capabilities.
- Experienced Personnel.
Slide 33
Option V
Home Fill Oxygen Compressors
- Low flow oxygen requirements.
- One per patient (3 lpm) enough for nasal cannula.
- Combinations of 2 or more units increase capabilities.
|
Slide 34
Comparison
| Choices |
Method |
Advantages |
Disadvantages |
Option I
(EDOCS)
10 patients each |
Gas |
- H Tanks readily available.
- High yield capability.
|
- Large Unit.
- Requires additional distribution network.
|
Option II
(DOGS)
3 patients each |
Gas |
- H Tanks readily available.
- Man Portable.
|
- Higher power consumption.
|
Option III
(NPTLOX)
6 patients each |
LOX |
|
- Availability of liquid oxygen.
- Training.
|
Option IV
(EMEDS/DEPMEDS)
25 patients max |
EMEDS |
|
|
Option V
(Home Fill Unit)
1 patient each |
Gas |
- Small/Portable.
- Low power consumption.
- Low oxygen yield patients.
- Long Shelf-life.
|
- Only for non critical patients (3 lpm).
|
Slide 35
Oxygen Equipment Vendors
| Product |
Vendor |
POC Web site |
Phone |
PTOCS
NPTLOX |
Essex Cryogenics |
Timothy Bannister
www.essexind.com |
(314) 832-8077 |
EDOCS
MOST
HOBS |
Pacific Consolidated Industries |
Lee Smith
www.pci-intl.com |
(714) 979-9200 |
| Home Oxygen Systems |
OxLife |
None
www.oxlifeinc.com |
1-800-780-2616 |
| Home Oxygen Systems |
Preferred Healthcare |
None
www.phc-online.com |
1-866-553-5319 |
| POGS |
Onsite Gas |
None
www.onsitegas.com |
(860) 667-8888 |
Slide 36
Additional Considerations
- Storage.
- Transportation.
- Maintenance.
- Power Demands.
Slide 37
Storage Concepts
- Preposition major Oxygen system components within the key cities in Region 8.
- Acquire items and use in a mobile medical assemblage to supply remote locations.
Slide 38
Transportation
- Components should be palletized for storage and immediate transport.
- Systems could be transported from storage site to emergency location via ground transportation.
Slide 39
Maintenance
Contract Logistics support should include:
- Training.
- Support annual reviews.
- Spares.
- Repairs and replacement parts.
- Warranty.
Slide 40
Power & Oxygen Requirements
| |
Basic |
+10 |
+25 |
| Max Power Draw |
181 KW |
146.4 KW |
205.1 KW |
| Available Power |
100 KW |
200 KW |
200 KW |
| EST 02 Usage |
89 LPM |
162 LPM |
281 LPM |
| EDOCS 120 LPM |
8 KW |
(2) 16 KW |
(3) 24 KW |
| (EST) Boost 66 |
2-3 KW |
(2) 4-6 KW |
(3) 6-9 KW |
| 02 Flow |
120 LPM |
240 LPM |
360 LPM |
| EDOCS Cost |
140K |
280K |
420K |
| w/ Boost 66 Cost |
160K |
320K |
480K |
| DOGS 45 LPM |
(2) 13.4 KW |
(4) 27.2 KW |
(7) 47.7 KW |
| 02 Flow |
90 LPM |
180 LPM |
315 LPM |
| Reg. Cost |
66K |
132K |
321K |
| Surge Cost |
72K |
144K |
252K |
Slide 41
Max Power Requirements
| |
Basic |
+10 |
+25 |
| EMEDS |
64.2 KW |
122.7 KW |
174.5 KW |
| CP-EMEDS |
10.5 KW |
17.4 KW |
24.3 KW |
| Water Tent |
4 KW |
4 KW |
4 KW |
| CP-Water Tent |
2.3 KW |
2.3 KW |
2.3 KW |
| Max Power Draw |
81 KW |
146.4 KW |
205.1 KW |
| Available Power |
100 KW |
200 KW |
200 KW |
| EDOCS 120 LPM |
8 KW |
(2) 16 KW |
(3) 24 KW |
| (EST) Boost 66 |
2-3 KW |
(2) 4-6 KW |
(3) 6-9 KW |
Slide 42
Questions
- Oxygen Plants in Region 8.
- Hotels in contract with FEMA (floor plans/layout).
- Oxygen Equipment in FEMA's inventory (i.e. ventilators, anaesthesia machines, etc).
- Medical Support/Capability of remote Hospital (Concept of Operation).
- What is the O2 Equipment in a CDC Push Pack and how much does it consume?
Slide 43
Credits
- Col. Daniel K. Berry, 311 HSW/YAM.
- Lt.Col. Lloyd S. Shackelford, 311 HSW/YAMA.
- 2d Lt. Clifford A. Hewitt II, 311 HSW/YAMA.
- MSgt. Ernesto V. Lozares Jr, 311 HSW/YASA.
- SSgt. Marc C. Paradis, USAFSAM/ATR.
- Mr. Gregory J. Iltis, Contractor, 311 HSW/YAMA.
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