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Heptane (flame
shown in photo) is the fuel of choice for this research because it
both produces soot and has a simple chemical structure relative to
other realistic fuels. Also, lots of experimental data exists for
heptane. Soot-producing flames are yellow; the V shape at the bottom
of the flame is a laser sheet beam used for illumination of the spray
and other measurement purposes. By comparison, methane has a blue
flame and produces no soot; at the other end of the spectrum, kerosene
is highly soot producing (with a huge, entirely yellow flame) but
is too chemically complex for this research.
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