Performance and Accountability Report
|
HHS Audit Findings History: FYs 1999 - 2003 |
||||||||||
Issue |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
|||||
Qual. |
M.W. |
Qual. |
M.W. |
Qual |
M.W. |
Qual. |
M.W. |
Qual. |
M.W. |
|
Medicare/Medicaid Accounts Receivable |
|
X |
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Medicare EDP Controls |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Financial Reporting Systems and Processes |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
|
X |
Total |
0 |
3 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
Resolved from Prior Year |
2 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
New |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Opinion |
Clean & Timely |
Clean & Timely |
Clean & Timely |
Clean & Timely |
Clean & Timely |
Qual = Qualification; MW = Material Weakness
* Merged with financial reporting and processes material weaknesses.
During FY 2003, HHS continued to work on determining payment error rates for seven of its programs - Medicare, Medicaid, SCHIP, TANF, Child Care, Foster Care and Head Start. These programs together account for close to 90 percent of HHS outlays. HHS is at different stages in the process of determining improper payment rates for these programs but has made the most progress in the Medicaid, Medicare, SCHIP and Head Start programs. For the Medicaid program, CMS initiated a Medicaid Payment Accuracy Measurement (PAM) pilot and will be going in to the third year of the PAM pilot in FY 2004. During FY 2004, the PAM pilot will be expanded to include SCHIP. CMS also determined payment error rates for two Medicare claims processing systems conducted under the Comprehensive Error Rate Testing (CERT) program (see error rate discussion in the Performance Overview of this Section and in Section II of this report).
ACF determined an estimated Head Start payment error rate based on the results of reviews conducted during on-site monitoring activities for FY 2003. During FY 2004, ACF will be continuing to refine the methodology that was used in the Head Start reviews. HHS continues to make progress with other programs as well. ACF completed plans for a pilot project in the Child Care program and will be implementing their plans in FY 2004. Also, ACF completed plans for determining a payment error rate for the Foster Care program and will be starting work on this initiative early in FY 2004. Under the recently enacted Improper Payment Information Act of 2002, HHS began to evaluate other HHS programs to determine their level of susceptibility to significant improper payments in FY 2003. This work will continue in FY 2004.
Section 831 of the Defense Authorization Act for FY 2002 requires that agencies institute a recovery audit program to identify and recover amounts erroneously paid to contractors. The office of the ASBTF will be working with HHS agencies in the coming months to implement audit programs which comply with the recovery auditing mandate.
FY 2003 Accomplishments
FY 2004 Action Plan
E-Government
HHS's strategy for ensuring that IT enables our mission is an important component of the Department's overall modernization effort. We recognize the importance of leveraging new technologies to create a modern IT delivery system that is architecture-based. HHS has revised the "HHS Information Technology Strategic Plan" that includes a Departmental e-Gov strategy, appropriate details on decision criteria, metrics of success, costs and timetables for projects addressed in the plan, including HHS's priority-level ranking of projects and the rationale.
In the HHS Information Technology Strategic Plan, we have prioritized specific foundational technical efforts that will allow us to integrate previously disparate data sources and systems, to establish communication not just within HHS agencies, but across the Department to successfully implement e-gov initiatives, and to use internet technologies to facilitate timely and accurate exchange of content. These integrated efforts ensure better communication across our business lines, directly support mission performance goals, and create exchange avenues with other departments, corporate entities and US citizens. Concurrent to these high level projects, each HHS agency continues to maintain and develop new technologies to complement business re-engineering efforts, to increase productivity, and to improve information delivery to the public. These projects dovetail with enterprise-wide initiatives, and are compliant with the blueprints being developed as our enterprise architecture.
FY 2003 Accomplishments
FY 2004 Action Plan
Budget and Performance Integration
In FY 2003, HHS has demonstrated considerable success in implementing the outcomes and deliverables identified in OMB's Management Plan Agreement, which define the milestones for successful achievement of budget and performance integration. HHS efforts in this area have focused on further integrating these elements into the Department's budget decision-making process, as well as taking active measures to improve program effectiveness; coordinate goals, objectives, and programs through a revised strategic plan; and promote accountability among program managers.
HHS has also begun using results of OMB's Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART) as a means of using program performance to inform budget decisions. PART is an instrument for assessing government programs in an objective and transparent manner. Under the PART process, agencies evaluate a program's purpose and design, planning, management, and results and accountability to determine its overall effectiveness. The PART is an accountability tool that attempts to determine the strengths and weaknesses of federal programs with a particular focus on the results individual programs produce. Its overall purpose is to lay the groundwork for evidence-based funding decisions aimed at achieving positive results. The Program Performance Overview and Appendix C of this report contain additional information on PART.
FY 2003 Accomplishments
FY 2004 Action Plan
Broadening Health Insurance Coverage
With approximately 44 million individuals in America lacking health insurance, HHS is pursuing a wide range of initiatives to expand health care coverage. HHS has been working aggressively to improve the Medicaid and SCHIP waiver process. We have given States more flexibility to expand coverage to the uninsured through the development of the Health Insurance Flexibility and Accountability Initiative and through the new Pharmacy Plus demonstration. In addition, we have developed Independence Plus demonstrations, which expedite the ability of states to offer families greater opportunities to take charge of their own health and direct their own care. Streamlined templates were developed for these three types of waivers, which facilitate provision of information and can streamline federal review and approval.
FY 2003 Accomplishments
FY 2004 Action Plan
Faith-Based and Community Initiative
Faith-based and community organizations have a long history of providing essential services to people in need in the United States. In recognition of the unique ability that these organizations have to meet the special needs of their communities, President Bush has made improved access to funding opportunities for faith-based and community organizations a priority. Through the President's faith-based and community initiative, the Administration is working to remove unnecessary barriers that may prevent these organizations from receiving federal funding, creating a "level playing field" for faith-based and community organizations and other groups that use federal funds in delivering services.
The mission of the Center for Faith-Based and Community Initiatives (CFBCI) is to create an environment within HHS that welcomes the participation of faith-based and community organizations as valued and essential partners in assisting Americans in need. Our mission is part of HHS's focus on improving human services for our country's most needy populations.
FY 2003 Accomplishments
FY 2004 Action Plan
A Focus on Outcomes
This section presents an overview of HHS program performance. HHS manages more than 300 programs in over 100 program performance areas whose goal is to improve the health and well-being of Americans and uses more than 650 performance measures to direct program activities and assess progress and achievement. These measures provided a basis for comparing actual program results with established program performance goals, as required by the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA). Given the complexity and number of HHS programs, this summary report focuses on 18 performance program areas and measures that broadly represent the most important and significant tasks HHS endeavored to accomplish in FY 2003. The program areas represented include: Bioterrorism, Medicare, Medicaid, SCHIP, TANF, Child Welfare, Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment, Infectious Diseases, and Biomedical and Medical Research.
The 18 measures also represent program activity contributing to each of the Department's eight strategic goals. The performance information in this report documents HHS's progress in achieving its overall strategic goals and objectives, as outlined in the HHS Strategic Plan.
Performance Data Collection and Reporting
The FY 2003 Report on Program Performance by HHS Strategic Goal is presented in Section II and summarized in the following pages. For each measure, the following tables present a target and either actual data or the expected date when actual data will become available,1 focusing on performance over the past three fiscal years (FY 2001-FY 2003). Section II provides additional trend data for each measure and a more detailed discussion of performance results. The comparative net costs of these and other HHS programs are presented in Appendix B.
Lags in performance data availability do occur, particularly in HHS programs that rely on third parties for such data. In addition, not all data collections are conducted annually. Therefore, assessment of HHS performance can best be determined by a comparison of annual trends from year to year, as additional performance information becomes available. HHS used the same data collection systems to report on both Department- and HHS agency-level performance.
The following table presents HHS's 18 key performance measures, the responsible HHS agency or organization, the relevant program, and whether the programs have been evaluated under OMB's Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART). PART review and rating supports the Administration's efforts to improve program effectiveness and to inform budget decisions. The PART is a diagnostic tool that examines different performance aspects to identify a program's strengths and weaknesses. The PART fiscal year noted in the table refers to the budget year and cycle to which the analysis applies. For example, a PART year of FY 2005 indicates that the analysis would have been conducted during FY 2003 as part of the FY 2005 budget submission. PART results for FY 2003 (the FY 2005 budget cycle) are presented in Appendix C. If no date appears in the PART column, then the program has not yet been evaluated under PART.
1To accommodate accelerated reporting and unless otherwise noted, performance data as of June 30 were used to record and assess performance for the purposes of this report.
Risks and Uncertainties Affecting Performance
Many external factors and influences, beyond the control of HHS, may impede achievement of our strategic goals and objectives. These factors introduce risks and uncertainties into the Department's planning environment. Although in some cases these factors can be successfully addressed; in other cases, they pose challenges that are difficult to overcome.
For example, an economic downturn that reduces state and local government revenues may limit their ability to address the health and social service objectives of this plan. Even during the best of economic times, health and social services must compete with other worthy interests for limited public funds. In addition, a weak economy can impact individuals by making finding jobs more difficult and can affect families on welfare seeking to become economically independent.
In another example, the public health infrastructure has received new infusions of funds following September 11, 2001, to address bioterrorist and other threats. While this offers opportunities for building needed surveillance systems and communication links, unexpected threats such as SARS continue to emerge and require immediate action diverting attention from activities with a longer time horizon.
Individuals' choices about personal health habits (exercise, diet, smoking) have a cumulative effect on the incidence of chronic disease. While the Department has many current activities addressing lifestyle health choices, its new prevention initiative, Steps to a HealthierUS, seeks to assist states, large and small communities and tribes to build on their existing efforts to address diabetes, asthma and obesity and the associated risk factors of tobacco use, poor nutrition and inactivity, in organized sustained ways that can ultimately serve as models for wider use (see p. I.4).
One way HHS has addressed changing and unpredictable conditions is by providing flexibility in program requirements. For example, HHS has offered states greater choice in Medicaid and SCHIP program design through HIFA demonstrations. This flexibility allows a state to adapt its Medicaid program, within the framework of existing law, to the individual state. HHS has sought and received major new funding to address public health infrastructure needs and is working with state and local public health officials, hospitals, and other providers to build the necessary surveillance systems and communication linkages.
Section II of this report provides a detailed discussion of each of the following measures, including individual HHS agency efforts taken to ensure the relevance and reliability of the data reported. HHS agencies annually prepare individual performance plans and reports that collectively address all of the Department's program performance measures in greater detail. For more information on HHS performance measures, refer to the HHS Agency-level Performance Plans and Reports available though the HHS website at http://www.hhs.gov/budget/docgpra.htm. These agency plans and reports and Section II of this report provide additional context and detail regarding the measures summarized in the following pages.
Summary of FY 2003 HHS Key Performance Measures
Strategic Goal |
# |
Measure |
OPDIV |
Program |
PART |
Strategic Goal 1: Reduce the Major Threats to the Health and Well-being of Americans |
1a |
Achieve or maintain immunization coverage of at least 90% in children ages 19- to 35-months in at least seven vaccines. |
CDC |
National Immunization Program |
FY 2004 |
1b |
Decrease the number of perinatally transmitted AIDS cases from the 1998 baseline of 235 cases. |
CDC |
Domesitc HIV/AIDS Prevention Program |
FY 2004 |
|
1c |
Number of substance abuse prevention and treatment clients served. |
SAMSHA |
Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant Program |
FY 2005 |
|
Strategic Goal 2: Enhance the Ability of the Nation's Health Care System to Effectively Respond to Bioterrorism and Other Public Health Challenges |
2a |
Enhance preparedness by assuring state, territorial, and local jurisdiction projects have written plans to respond to biological, chemical, radiological, and mass trauma hazards related to terrorism, addressing all seven focus areas of the CDC cooperative agreement. |
CDC |
Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response Program |
FY 2005 |
2b |
Increase the percent of awardees that have developed plans to address surge capacity. |
HRSA |
National Bioterrorism Hospital Preparedness Program |
FY 2005 |
|
Strategic Goal 3: Increase the Percentage of the Nation's Children and Adults who have Access to Health Care Services, and Expand Consumer Choices |
3a1-2 |
Improve satisfaction of Medicare beneficiaries with the health care services they receive (Managed Care, Fee for Service). |
CMS |
Medicare Program |
FY 2005 |
3b |
Increase the number of children enrolled in regular Medicaid or SCHIP. |
CMS |
Medicaid and SCHIP |
FY 2004 |
|
3c |
Continue to assure access to preventative and primary care for racial/ethnic/minority individuals. |
HRSA |
Health Centers Program |
FY 2004 |
|
3d |
Increase the proportion of Indian/Tribal/Urban Native American patients with diagnosed diabetes that have demonstrated improved glycemic control (blood sugar levels). |
IHS |
National Diabetes Program and Clinical Services |
|
|
Strategic Goal 4: Enhance the Capacity and Productivity of the Nation's Health Science Research Enterprise |
4a |
Increase the pool of clinician researchers trained to conduct patient-oriented research. |
NIH |
Research Training and Career Development Program |
|
Strategic Goal 5: Improve the Quality of Health Care Services |
5a |
Expand a facility network that constitutes a representative profile of medical device users to collect information that will be used to reduce errors associated with medical devices. |
FDA |
Medical Device and Radiological Health Program |
FY 2004 |
Strategic Goal 6: Improve the Economic and Social Well-being of Individuals, Families, and Communities, Especially Those Most in Need |
6a |
All states meet the TANF all-family work participation rate standard. |
ACF |
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families |
|
6b |
A significant percentage of Older Americans Act (OAA) Title III service recipients live in rural areas. |
AoA |
Community-Based Services Program |
FY 2004 |
|
Strategic Goal 7: Improve the Stability and Healthy Development of Our Nation's Children and Youth |
7a |
Increase the collection rate for current child support. |
ACF |
Child Support Enforcement Program |
FY 2005 |
7b |
Increase the number of adoptions toward achieving the goal of finalizing 327,000 adoptions between FY 2003-FY 2008. |
ACF |
Child Welfare Programs |
FY 2004 |
|
Strategic Goal 8: Achieve Excellence in Management Practices |
8a |
Reduce the percentage of improper payments made under the Medicare Fee-for-Service program. |
CMS |
Medicare Integrity Program |
FY 2004 |
8b |
Target and actual returns per budget dollar invested in the OIG. |
OS/OIG |
Office of Inspector General |
FY 2004 |
Research indicates that premature mortality and morbidity in the United States can be significantly prevented if individuals avoid certain high-risk behaviors, adopt healthy lifestyles, and reduce exposure to major environmental health risks. HHS's pursuit of this goal focuses on changing behaviors and reducing risks associated with the leading causes of premature mortality and morbidity in the United States. HHS's pursuit of this goal also includes such critical efforts as increasing immunization rates among children and adults, reducing substance abuse, and reducing the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases.
National Immunization Program (CDC)
Immunizations are among the 20th century's greatest public health achievements. Vaccines are responsible for the control of many infectious diseases, including diphtheria, measles, mumps, and pertussis, that were once common in this country; and are now available to protect children and adults against life-threatening or debilitating diseases. Cases of all vaccine-preventable diseases have been reduced by more than 97 percent from peak levels before vaccines were available, thus saving lives, as well as treatment and hospitalization costs.
CDC works with domestic and international partners to provide epidemiologic and laboratory assistance for disease tracking, vaccine for outbreak control, and other supplementary immunization activities. CDC also plays a critical role in developing immunization policy by providing technical and scientific support to policymaking advisory groups, such as the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
In 1996, the ACIP introduced the varicella vaccine to the Recommended
Childhood Immunization Schedule. In 2002, varicella vaccine coverage levels
reached almost 81 percent, compared to 26 percent in 1997, with no racial
or ethnic coverage gaps. Conjugate vaccines for Haemophilus Influenzae,
type B (Hib) prevention are also highly effective. Hib is no longer the
leading cause of meningitis among children younger than five years of
age in the U.S. Studies of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), prelicensure,
show this vaccine to be more than 97 percent effective against invasive
pneumococcal infections such as bacterial pneumonia, bloodstream infections,
otitis media (ear infections), and sinusitis among children. Overall,
CDC expects PCV to prevent more than one million episodes of childhood
illness and approximately 120 deaths among children annually. ACIP added
PCV to the 2001 Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule. As this is
a newly recommended vaccine, accountability for performance targets will
begin in FY 2006.
1a. Achieve or sustain immunization coverage of at least 90% in children 19- to 35-months of age for 3 doses DTaP vaccine, 3 doses Hib vaccine, 1 dose measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine*, 3 doses hepatitis B vaccine, 3 doses polio vaccine, 1 dose varicella vaccine, and 4 doses pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.** |
|||||||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
|||||
DTaP |
Hib |
MMR |
Hepatitis B |
Polio |
Varicella |
||
2003 |
90% |
Aug-04 |
Aug-04 |
Aug-04 |
Aug-04 |
Aug-04 |
Aug-04 |
2002 |
90% |
95% |
93% |
91% |
90% |
90% |
81% |
2001 |
90% |
94% |
93% |
91% |
89% |
89% |
76% |
Source: National Immunization Survey
* Includes any measles-containing vaccine.
** Newly recommended vaccine. Accountability for performance targets will
begin in 2006.
Domestic HIV/AIDS Program (CDC)
During the early 1990s, before perinatal preventive treatments were available, an estimated 1,000 � 2,000 infants were born with HIV infection each year in the U.S. Today, the U.S. has seen dramatic reductions in mother-to-child, or perinatal, HIV transmission cases. These declines reflect the widespread implementation of Public Health Service (PHS) recommendations made in 1994 and 1995 to routinely counsel and voluntarily test pregnant women for HIV, and to offer zidovudine (AZT) to infected women during pregnancy and delivery, and to their infants after birth.
CDC monitors perinatal AIDS cases in the U.S., develops recommendations for perinatal prevention, and supports perinatal HIV prevention programs with state and local health departments. CDC funds 16 jurisdictions to conduct HIV perinatal prevention efforts.
CDC has consistently exceeded its target for this measure since 1999. Case surveillance data reported through June 2001 show sharply declining trends in perinatal AIDS cases. This decline was strongly associated with widespread AZT use in pregnant women who were aware of their HIV status. Recently, improved treatment has also likely delayed the onset of AIDS for HIV-infected children. Declines are likely to continue, but may be slowed by treatment failures and missed opportunities to prevent transmission.
1b. Decrease the number of perinatally transmitted AIDS cases from the 1998 baseline of 235 cases. |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
<139 |
08/2004 |
2002 |
141 |
12/2003 |
2001 |
151 |
101 |
Source: CDC HIV/AIDS Case Surveillance
Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant Program (SAMHSA)
SAMHSA's Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant, the cornerstone of states' substance abuse programs, is an integral part of the President's Drug Treatment Initiative. The block grant's goal is to improve the health of the Nation by bringing effective alcohol and drug treatment and prevention services to every community through a block grant to the states.
The FY 2000 target for increasing the number of clients served was met. Data collected by the DASIS-TEDS information system showed that SAMHSA served almost five percent more clients than expected during FY 2000. FY 2001 proxy data will be available in September 2003; FY 2003 data will be available in September 2005. The proxy data being reported represents treatment admissions data. The estimated number of clients served shows progress in increasing service delivery in support of the President's Drug Treatment Initiative.
1c. Number of substance abuse prevention and treatment clients served. |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
1,884,654 |
09/2005 |
2002 |
1,751,537 |
09/2004 |
2001 |
1,635,422 |
09/2003 |
Source: Drug and Alcohol Services Information System Treatment Episode Data Set (DASIS-TEDS) issued as a proxy for this measure
Events of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and the subsequent use of anthrax as a biological weapon have focused attention on the prospect of the deliberate release of biological agents to cause major disease outbreaks. Of particular concern is the possibility of terrorist incidents aimed at civilians. To respond to any future bioterrorist attack, the Nation will need a strong public health network (e.g., hospitals, health networks, physicians, nurses, mental health workers, and public health officials) to piece together early reports of a suspected attack, quickly determine what happened, and mount an effective response to care for casualties and prevent further exposure. This goal addresses the need to improve our network of infectious disease surveillance, including improving communications, upgrading laboratory facilities, developing advanced diagnostic techniques, and expanding emergency health care training.
Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response Program (CDC)
Since 1946, CDC has been responding to public health threats and emergencies. In the aftermath of the events of September 11, 2001, we have learned that the U.S. public health system is a critical element in the new war against terrorism. However, preparing the Nation to address the dangers of terrorism is a major challenge to public health and healthcare systems. CDC is leading national efforts to rapidly improve the capacity of public health to prepare for and respond to events of terrorism, including chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear (CBRN), and mass trauma.
CDC works with partners at the federal, state, and local levels to assess our Nation's capacity and ensure a timely and sufficient response to terrorist attacks and emergency events. For example, CDC collaborates with the Office of Domestic Preparedness of the DHS to assess public health capacity for preparedness and emergency response and to develop, deploy, and coordinate these efforts. Health departments are now defining their roles in order to respond effectively to a CBRN attack.
CDC received emergency supplemental funding in February 2002 to begin the process of improving state and local capacity to respond to CBRN attacks. Intramural and extramural activities to build preparedness and readiness assessment, surveillance and epidemiology capacity, laboratory capacity, communications and IT, health information dissemination, and education and training are in place.
2a. Enhance preparedness by assuring state, territorial, and local jurisdiction projects have written plans to respond to biological, chemical, radiological, and mass trauma hazards related to terrorism addressing all seven focus areas of the CDC cooperative agreement. |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
50% of the 62 state, |
12/2003 |
2002 |
N/A |
N/A |
2001 |
N/A |
N/A |
National Bioterrorism Hospital Preparedness Program (HRSA)
The purpose of this program is to prepare hospitals and supporting health care systems to deliver coordinated and effective care to victims of terrorism and other public health emergencies. This is one part of the larger HHS program for state and local terrorism preparedness. Working in concert with CDC's Public Health Preparedness and Response for Bioterrorism Program and DHS's Office of Emergency Response Metropolitan Medical Response System Program, HRSA's program provides funding to states and other entities to upgrade the capacity of hospitals, outpatient facilities, emergency medical services systems, and poison control centers to respond to regional terrorist and other public health emergencies. This new program received initial funding in FY 2002.
Surge capacity is the ability to accommodate a large and rapid increase in the number of persons requiring services. It includes elements of hospital bed capacity, isolation capacity, health care personnel, pharmaceutical caches, personal protection and decontamination, mental health capacity, trauma and burn care capacity, and communications and IT. Based on states' progress reports, HRSA estimates that a baseline of 59 percent of states have developed plans to address regional surge capacity. The goal is for at least 90 percent of the Nation's hospital regions to have developed plans to respond to a surge capacity of 500 patients per million people by FY 2004.
2b. Increase the percent of awardees that have developed plans to address surge capacity. |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
N/A |
59% |
Source: 2005 GPRA Plan, from states' progress reports
In addition to changing behavior and reducing environmental health risks, improving health in the U.S. involves assuring that everyone has access to health care. There are substantial access challenges, particularly for some groups. Overall, approximately 44 million persons in the U.S. lack health insurance. In addition, approximately 20 percent of America's population live in areas designated as having a shortage of health professionals to deliver primary medical care. Access to treatment for many persons with HIV/AIDS would be limited without support for the cost of drug therapies and associated services. A substantial majority of adults with diagnosable mental disorders do not receive treatment. Many families can not afford the cost of care for children with special health care needs. HHS addresses these challenges through a variety of entitlement and safety net programs, such as Medicare, Medicaid, SCHIP, and Community Health Centers, that provide access to health care for uninsured and low income individuals.
Medicare Program (CMS)
CMS's primary mission is to assure health care security for its beneficiaries. CMS also strives to encourage choice in the Medicare beneficiary community for medical coverage while maintaining high quality care. CMS administers Medicare, the Nation's largest health insurance program, which covers approximately 41 million Americans. Medicare provides health insurance to people age 65 and over, those who have permanent kidney failure, and certain people with disabilities. For nearly four decades, this program has helped pay medical bills for millions of Americans, providing them with reliable, comprehensive health benefits.
CMS developed a series of data collection activities under the Consumer Assessment of Health Plans Surveys (CAHPS) in order to standardize the measurement of and monitor beneficiaries' experience and satisfaction with the care they receive through Medicare. CMS fields these surveys annually to representative samples of beneficiaries enrolled in each Medicare-managed care plan as well as those enrolled in the original Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) plan, and provides comparable sets of specific performance measures collected in CAHPS to Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs), health plans, and beneficiaries through various means, including the National Medicare & You Education Program (NMEP).
CMS's multi-year efforts to improve beneficiary satisfaction with the health care they received apply to both FFS and managed care. CMS is meeting its FY 2003 target to direct efforts to improve beneficiary satisfaction in both FFS and managed care by continuing to collect and share CAHPS information from beneficiaries with health plans, QIOs, and beneficiaries.
3a1: Improve satisfaction of Medicare beneficiaries with the health care services they receive (Managed Care) |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
Collect and share data toward Calendar Year (CY) 2004 targets of 93% for access to care and 86% for access to specialist |
Data continues to be collected and disseminated |
2002 |
Collect and share data toward CY 2004 targets of 93% for access to care and 86% for access to specialist |
Data Collected |
2001 |
Develop new baselines/targets to include disenrollee data |
Baselines/targets developed: Baselines: Access to care: 90.5%; Access to specialist; 83.7% |
Source: Medicare Consumer Assessment Health Plans Surveys (CAHPS)
3a2: Improve satisfaction of Medicare beneficiaries with the health care services they receive (Fee-for-Service). |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
Collect and share data |
Data continues to be collected and disseminated |
2002 |
Collect and share data toward CY 2004 targets of 95% for access to care and 85% for access to specialist |
Data collected; Goal met |
2001 |
Develop baselines |
Baselines: Access to care; 92.8%; Access to specialist; 82.8% |
Source: Medicare (CAHPS)
Medicaid and SCHIP (CMS)
CMS provides oversight for Medicaid, the state-administered, means-tested medical assistance program for low-income Americans. Medicaid is jointly financed by the federal and state governments. Over the years, Congress has incrementally expanded Medicaid well beyond the traditional population of the low-income women and children and the elderly, blind, and disabled. Today, Medicaid is the primary source of health care for a much larger population of medically vulnerable Americans, including poor families, the disabled, and persons with developmental disabilities requiring long-term care.
SCHIP was created in 1997 to address the fact that nearly 11 million American children (one in seven) were uninsured and therefore at increased risk for preventable health problems. This program represents the largest single expansion of health insurance coverage for children in more than 30 years and aims to improve the quality of life for millions of vulnerable children under 19 years of age. The funds allocated for SCHIP cover insurance costs, reasonable administrative costs, and outreach services to get children enrolled.
Title XXI of the Social Security Act gave states the option to expand their Medicaid program, establish a separate child health program, or use a combination of both. CMS's goal is to increase the number of children enrolled in Medicaid or SCHIP.
In FY 2002, CMS exceeded the target of enrolling an additional one million children in Medicaid and SCHIP by enrolling an additional 2.75 million children in these programs (FY 1999 baseline of 22 million enrollees - see Section II). CMS has exceeded its initial targets to increase enrollment by one million over the previous year, but states are now facing fiscal challenges that may affect program outreach and enrollment, making future projections uncertain. As such, CMS set the FY 2003 target to increase enrollment by five percent over the previous year.
3b. Increase the number of children enrolled in regular Medicaid or SCHIP. |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
+ 5% over 2002 |
01/2004 |
2002 |
+ 1,000,000 over 2001 |
Additional 2,750,000 |
2001 |
+ 1,000,000 over 2000 |
Additional 3,441,000 |
Source: Statistical Enrollment Data System and HCFA-2082
Health Centers Program (HRSA)
The Health Centers Program, a major component of America's health care safety net for the Nation's indigent populations, is leading a Presidential Initiative to increase health care access for Americans most in need. Millions of Americans are uninsured and lack access to a regular health care source. The Health Centers Program, operating at the community level through federal, state and community partnerships, provides regular access to high quality, family-oriented, and comprehensive primary and preventive health care regardless of patients' ability to pay. Program grants support a variety of community-based public and private nonprofit organizations for the operation of the Health Centers Program.
The number of racial/ethnic minority individuals served by the Health Centers program increased from 6.62 million in FY 2001 to an estimated 7.24 million in FY 2002, continuing a steady growth consistent with the overall growth in program clients. The proportion of racial/ethnic minority individuals has remained at 64 percent of total clients, just one percentage point below the target. The Presidential Growth Initiative for the Health Centers Program includes service capacity expansions for existing centers and the development of new service sites. Some of these new sites are or will be in underserved geographic areas (e.g., rural and frontier areas) that do not have large numbers of racial/ethnic minorities. New site locations and the substantial and rapid increases in total number of clients served impact the program's ability to maintain and increase the proportion of minority clients.
3c. Continue to assure access to preventative and primary care for racial/ethnic/minority individuals.* |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
65% |
8/2004 |
2002 |
65% |
64% |
2001 |
65% |
64% |
Source: HRSA Bureau of Primary Health Care (BPHC) Uniform Data System
*Data as of October 2003.
National Diabetes Program and Clinical Services (IHS)
The mission of the IHS Diabetes Program is to develop, document and sustain a public health effort to prevent and control diabetes in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) people. The program: (1) works with communities to prevent and treat diabetes, and (2) also oversees the Special Program for Diabetes in Indians. IHS encourages local efforts to improve results through lifestyle intervention and appropriate medication use through orientation, training, and monitoring provided by Area Diabetes Consultants.
IHS met the 2002 ideal glycemic control indicator for patients with diagnosed diabetes, improving upon FY 2001 performance. The use of appropriated diabetes funding may continue to improve the performance of this indicator through the use of grants and cooperative agreements for special projects aimed at targeted diabetes-related treatment and prevention areas. Area diabetes consultants encourage lifestyle intervention and appropriate medication use through orientation, training, and monitoring at the local level. Efforts to achieve this measure also include the negotiation of wholesale or �at cost' purchases of newer, more effective (but considerably more expensive) medications for AI/AN diabetic patients. In addition, IHS has developed and deployed a clinical software application that allows sites to track and provide timely feedback on this, and other diabetic indicators.
3d. Increase the proportion of Indian/Tribal/Urban Native American patients with diagnosed diabetes that have demonstrated improved glycemic control (blood sugar levels). |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
Maintain |
11/2003 |
2002 |
Improve |
30% |
2001 |
Improve |
29%* |
Source: Annual IHS National Diabetes Audit.
*Previously reported as 30%.
This goal recognizes the prominence of health research in HHS and its importance in furthering the overall mission of improving the Nation's health. While research pervades many other HHS goals, this goal focuses on creating knowledge that ultimately is useful in addressing health challenges, and addressing the need to maintain and improve the research infrastructure that produces scientific advances.
Research Training and Career Development Program (NIH)
NIH research training and career development activities nurture a talent base of well-qualified, highly trained, and diverse investigators. To achieve this objective, NIH supports pre- and post-doctoral training through the National Research Service Award (NRSA) and various career development mechanisms. Career development support helps both young and well-established trained investigators to acquire new specialized skills. Within the overarching training and career development objective, the expansion and support of the clinical research workforce is critical both to translate basic research into treatments and to guide and stimulate basic research on key barriers to effective treatment.
4a: Increase the pool of clinician researchers trained to conduct patient-oriented research.* |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
Issue at least 120 K23 awards |
02/2004 |
Issue at least 50 K24 awards |
02/2004 |
|
2002 |
Issue at least 120 K23 awards |
194 |
Maintain a steady state level of K24 awards |
48 |
|
2001 |
Issue at least 80 K23 awards |
185 |
Issue at least 80 K24 awards |
58 |
Source: IMPAC database.
* Data as of October 2003
In 1999, under the NIH Director's Initiative on Clinical Research, NIH established three new patient-oriented research career development mechanisms:
The primary outcome of these activities will not be evident for several years, because, as of FY 2003, the supported career development periods for K23 and K24 awardees are just now concluding, and the grantees have yet to take the steps for which they have been preparing. Thus, NIH can only assess the progress toward the goal of increasing the pool of clinician researchers only through process and output measures (e.g., the number of awards issued). From this perspective, the career award components of the Director's Initiative have had variable success.
In the FY 2004 Performance and Accountability Report, NIH will highlight progress towards creation of the next-generation map of the human genome, the halotype map, or "HapMap", which will describe the patterns of human genetic variation and help researchers learn more about how genes affect health and disease.
Improving quality of life and health in the U.S. also involves improving the quality of human services and health care. While many Americans receive quality health care, there is evidence of a need to improve care quality. Studies show that many patients die from medical errors, some services are used unnecessarily, and screening tests are sometimes misread. Finally, when considering and selecting health care options, many Americans do not use comparative information on the quality of health care plans, doctors, or hospitals to make their choices. This goal's focus is to implement strategies to improve service quality.
Medical Devices and Radiological Health Program (FDA)
FDA's Medical Devices and Radiological Health Program is responsible for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medical devices and eliminating unnecessary human exposure to manmade radiation from medical, occupational, and consumer products.
A key element in any comprehensive program to regulate medical devices is a postmarket reporting system through which FDA receives reports of serious adverse events. Such reporting forms the basis for FDA corrective actions by the agency, which include warnings to users and product recalls. This is especially true as FDA moves toward less direct involvement in the premarket review of lower-risk devices.
The Medical Product Surveillance Network (MedSun), when fully implemented, will reduce devicerelated medical errors; serve as an advanced warning system; and create a two-way communication channel between FDA and the user-facility community. FDA projects a MedSun network of 180 facilities in FY 2003.
The Center for Device and Radiological Health (CDRH) and its MedSun contractors will coordinate with FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) to explore integrating the reporting of drug events. MedSun is currently designed to obtain reports from risk managers and biomedical engineers about problems with the use of devices in the clinical community. MedSun is also designed to train hospital personnel to accurately identify and report injuries and deaths associated with medical devices.
5a: Expand a facility network that constitutes a representative profile of medical device users to collect information that will be used to reduce errors associated with medical devices. |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
Build a MedSun hospital network of 180 facilitites |
02/2004 |
2002 |
Implement MedSun by recruiting a total of 80 facilities for the network |
FDA recruited, trained and had functioning more than 80 facilities for the network |
2001 |
Recruit a total of 75 hospitals to report adverse medical device events |
FDA began feasibility testing with more than 25 hospitals and worked on software changes needed for website health data security |
Source: FY 2004 Congressional Justification (CJ) FDA Performance Plan
The FDA Modernization Act (FDAMA) of 1997 seeks to improve the regulation of food, drugs, devices, and biological products in an environment of increasing technological trade and public health complexities. MedSun is FDA's response to the FDAMA provision directing replacement of universal user facility reporting with a user facilities network that constitutes a representative profile of user reports. By the end of 2003, FDA projects that it will have recruited 180 facilities. The enhancement of the adverse events data system is the first line of defense against medical errors supporting the Department's initiative to improve the quality of health care services.
In FY 2002, FDA recruited, trained, and had functioning more than 80 facilities for the network, and met its performance measure. In FY 2001, FDA did not meet its performance measure of recruiting 75 hospitals because most of the effort was focused on resolving internal policy issues and addressing IT security requirements. Specifically, FDA extended software development to accommodate internet-based reporting systems (interactive web-based forms and databases), and took steps to ensure that reporters had internet access to secure servers. Despite not making the goal, FDA still recruited 25 hospitals. FDA's plans for FY 2003 focus on building MedSun to a network of 180 facilities, and with increased funding in FY 2004, expanding to 240 facilities. FDA will recruit new facilities to expand to the network capacity and to replace those that choose to leave.
While substantial progress occurred in the past several years to reduce poverty, evidence supports a continued focus on helping those in need. This goal's focus is to promote and support interventions that help the disadvantaged improve their economic and social well-being. HHS targets its efforts toward low-income families, children, the elderly, persons with disabilities, and distressed communities.
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) (ACF)
ACF's Office of Family Assistance administers the TANF program directed at promoting work, responsibility, and self sufficiency and improving the economic well-being of individuals and families through state and tribal-administered programs. TANF's purposes are to provide assistance to needy families so that children can be cared for in their own homes; to reduce dependency by promoting job readiness, work, and marriage; to prevent out-of-wedlock pregnancies; and to encourage formation and maintenance of two-parent families.
Congress established the TANF work participation performance targets for FY 1997 through FY 2002. Beginning in FY 1997, the actual all-family (one- and two-parent families that receive state and TANF assistance) and two-parent family participation rates increased significantly each year until FY 2000, when there was an 11 percent decline in the national average participation rates. Some of the all-family rate decline is attributed to the increase in the all-family minimum hours of weekly participation, from 25 to 30 hours. From FY 1998 through FY 2002, all states met the all-families target rates (this does not include territories). In the same time frame, the proportion of states meeting the more rigorous two-parent work participation rate has steadily increased (from 66 percent to 85 percent).
FY 2002 findings indicate that all states (this does not include territories) are meeting the all-family rate of 50%, while a few states continue to have difficulty meeting the two-parent rate of 90%. States have the option to move their two-parent cases into a separate state program thus avoiding the two-parent work participation requirements. The statutory 90 percent two-parent participation target remains a rigorous standard. Pending reauthorization legislation would establish a single all-family rate starting at 50 percent, but it would also require recipients to participate in more hours directly related to work. At least 50 percent of all cases receiving TANF that are headed by adults would be required to participate full-time in a simulated work-week of activities (40 hours per week) and at least 24 of the 40 hours would have to be in a traditional work activity.
6a: All states meet the TANF all-families work participation rate standard. * |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
100% |
09/2004 |
2002 |
100% |
100% |
2001 |
100% |
100% |
Source: TANF Administrative Data
* Data as of September 2003
Community-Based Services Program (AoA)
Title III of the Older Americans Act (OAA) established a community-based services program to make community-based services available to older persons who are at risk of losing their independence. The program provides "access" services (e.g., information, outreach, and transportation); "community" services (e.g., congregate meals, pension counseling, adult day care and health and fitness programs); "in-home" services (e.g., home-delivered meals, home maintenance assistance, and personal care); and "caregiver" support (e.g., respite services and caregiver assistance).
6b. A significant percentage of Older Americans Act (OAA) Title III service recipients live in rural areas. |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
34% |
02/2005 |
2002 |
25% |
02/2004 |
2001 |
25% |
30.4% |
Source: State Program Report (SPR)
The OAA specifically requires targeting community-based services to vulnerable populations (i.e., low income, low income minority, rural, disabled, and frail). AoA tracks targeting performance for all of these groups of people. The representative targeting measure included in this report is for older people living in rural areas. AoA demonstrates effective targeting and performance for this measure (per OAA requirements) where the percentage of AoA service recipients that live in rural areas is higher than the percentage of all elderly persons that live in rural areas. In fact, 2000 Census data indicate that 23 percent of the U.S. elderly population lives in rural areas, while AoA program data for both FY 2000 and FY 2001 show that over 30 percent of AoA services recipients live in rural areas. Committed to continued improvement of program performance, AoA also tracks performance in states performing below the national average targeting index. Six of these states improved their performance by at least 10 percent between FY 2000 and FY 2001.
AoA exceeded its performance target for FY 2001, and expects to meet it in FY 2002. However, the FY 2003 performance target is much more aggressive, and AoA is challenging the entire aging network to improve performance as demonstrated by this "stretch" target.
While some trends in the well-being of the Nation's children and youth are positive, additional efforts are needed. The numbers of substantiated victims of child maltreatment remain high, too many children live in single-parent households, and more must be done to ensure that non-custodial parents meet their financial obligations. Finally, while the percentage of children age three to five years old that are enrolled in center-based early learning programs is decreasing (60 percent in 1999 compared to 56 percent in 2001), children below the poverty line lag behind. Through this goal, HHS focuses on nurturing the positive development of children and youth.
Child Support Enforcement Program (ACF)
ACF's Office of Child Support Enforcement (OCSE) is responsible for helping ensure that support is available to children by locating parents, as well as establishing and enforcing paternity and support obligations. ACF implements the child support provisions of Title IV-D of the Social Security Act, as amended (IV-D) by providing technical assistance, tracking parents, and helping collect court-ordered support payments. ACF has achieved this through a variety of means, including implementing federal policy, providing technical assistance, training, and information dissemination, developing a more performance-based incentive funding structure, and providing federal oversight and assistance with state-based quality assurance. The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) provided new and effective tools for enforcing child support, which are having a significant impact on ACF's ability to collect support.
7a. Increase the collection rate for current support. * |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
58% |
09/2004 |
2002 |
55% |
58% |
2001 |
54% |
57% |
Source: State automated systems provide data on OCSE Form 157
* Data as of September 2003
The Federal Government provides direction, guidance, technical assistance, oversight, and some critical services to states' Child Support Enforcement programs mandated under IV-D. This measure, a proxy for the regular and timely payment of support, compares total dollars collected with total dollars owed to yield a collection rate for current support in IV-D (child support) cases. In FY 2001, ACF achieved a collection rate of 57 percent, exceeding the target. This measure represents collections from noncustodial parents in IV-D cases. ACF is committed to improving performance by focusing on improved enforcement techniques which emphasize automated enforcement, collections and payment mechanisms ensuring more reliable data. PRWORA enhances these efforts.
Child Welfare Programs (ACF)
ACF's Child Welfare programs strive to prevent maltreatment of children in troubled families, protect children from abuse, and find permanent placements for those who cannot safely return to their homes. When the family cannot be reunified, foster care provides a stable environment until the child can be placed permanently with an adoptive family or in a guardianship arrangement.
When reunification with parents or relatives is not possible, the preferred permanency outcome for most children is adoption. The Adoption and Safe Families Act and other federal legislation enacted during the last 25 years has promoted the adoption of children from the public child welfare system for whom reunification was not possible. The total annual number of adoptions of children with public child welfare system involvement has increased dramatically since FY 1995 (26,000). The Adoption Incentive Program continues to reward states for increasing their number of adoptions and provides an additional incentive for the adoption of older children, a growing segment of the population of children waiting to be adopted.
7b. Increase the number of adoptions toward achieving the goal of finalizing 327,000 adoptions between FY 2003-FY 2008.* |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
58,500 |
09/2004 |
2002 |
56,000 |
51,000 |
2001 |
51,000 |
51,000 |
Source: Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS)
* Data as of September 2003
States can submit AFCARS adoption data on finalized adoptions at any time and still meet the requirements of the regulation. Frequently, data on adoptions may be under-reported because entries do not occur until the states receive final paperwork from the court. Because the Adoption Incentive Program requires that only adoptions reported by the first reporting period in the following fiscal year can be counted for incentive awards, almost all adoptions are now reported within that timeframe. The numbers reported for the Adoption Incentive Program are incomplete for the reasons mentioned and are continually updated as additional adoptions are reported.
In order to accomplish all of HHS's other goals and objectives, the Department must improve management practices. A central objective in achieving management excellence is to function as "One HHS". To ensure that HHS is "One Department" rather than a collection of disparate agencies, HHS is reforming Departmental management practices, in part by consolidating activities and by improving collaboration among agencies in administering HHS programs. This goal focuses on reducing inefficiencies, fraud, and abuse, while maximizing the integrity and efficiencies in Department management practices. This goal and related activities also address ongoing efforts to reduce Medicare payment errors.
Medicare Integrity Program (CMS)2
Measure 8a: Reduce the percentage of improper payments made under the Medicare fee for service program. One of CMS's key goals is to pay claims properly the first time. This means paying the right amount to legitimate providers for covered services provided to eligible beneficiaries. Paying claims right the first time saves resources required to recover improper payments and ensures the proper expenditure of valuable Medicare trust fund dollars.
Prior to FY 2003, the OIG estimated the amount of the improper payments for Medicare claims included in the CMS Financial Report. Beginning in FY 2003, this activity was assumed by CMS with the intention of expanding the number of claims sampled in order to obtain more detailed information to better identify and correct payment problems.
The 2003 CMS Financial Report includes estimates from the results of two programs used by CMS: the Comprehensive Error Rate Testing (CERT) program with a sample of 70,567 claims; and the Hospital Payment Monitoring Program (HPMP) with a sample of 57,775 discharges. The CERT program implements a new sampling and review methodology (for non-PPS inpatient hospital claims) that provides estimates of the national error rate with tighter precision. In addition, it employs independent reviewers to make determinations for 70,567 claims providing estimates of error rates by contractor, by service type, and by provider type.
These programs provide CMS with a much more rigorous set of data to manage our contractors, identify and prevent errors, and educate providers who bill our programs. As a result of the 2003 programs, CMS believes that the paid claims error rate remains at about the same rate as last year. Our analysis determined an adjusted paid claims error rate of 5.8 percent, or $11.6 billion, compared to an unadjusted 9.8 percent rate ($19.6 billion). The unadjusted rate reflected an unusually high non-response rate because every non-response was treated as an error (54.7% of errors were due to non-responses). CMS believes the high non-response rate was due to the impact of HIPAA privacy rules, record requests made by an unfamiliar entity, and like the OIG in the first year they calculated the error rate, general difficulties in getting providers to follow-up on record requests. CMS adjusted the error rate using a conservative non-response estimate based on the OIG's average non-response rate of 12 percent for the past seven years.
For the first time CMS can use the Medicare error rate to show where it is overpaying or underpaying claims, and for what categories of service. Now that CMS has detailed error rates, it can aggressively target its efforts to fix problems they indicate.
CMS has taken a number of steps to minimize the non-response problem in the future. For example, CMS has revised the letters requesting medical records by clarifying the role of the error calculation contractor, explaining that it is not a HIPAA compliance violation to submit records to the error calculation contractor, and allowing providers to fax records. As a result, adjustments for nonresponse should not be necessary for FY 2004.
CMS is working with the contractors that pay Medicare claims and the QIOs on aggressive efforts to lower the paid claims error rate, including: (1) developing a tool that generates state-specific hospital billing reports to help QIOs analyze administrative claims data, (2) increasing and refining one-on one educational contacts with providers found to be billing in error, and (3) developing projects with the QIOs addressing state-specific admissions necessity and coding concerns, as well as conducting surveillance and monitoring of inpatient payment error trends by error type.
In addition, CMS has directed the Medicare contractors to develop local efforts to lower the error rate by developing plans that address the cause of the errors, the steps they are taking to fix the problems, and other recommendations that will ultimately lower the error rate. The CERT program is an important new tool in monitoring contractor performance. It will provide CMS with the fundamental structure to hold the fee-for-service contractors accountable for the services they provide as CMS moves to performance-based contracting from simply paying contractors to process Medicare claims.
2 Information received November 2003
Office of Inspector General (OIG)
The OIG's primary function is to detect and prevent fraud and abuse and to recommend policies designed to promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness in the administration of HHS and its programs. It accomplishes its purpose by conducting and supervising audits, inspections, and investigations of HHS programs, and providing guidance to the healthcare industry. Over 80 percent of OIG resources are devoted to the Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control Program (HCFAC), a mandatory program which came into being with the passage of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), a joint program of HHS and the Department of Justice, whose purpose is to coordinate federal, state, and local law enforcement activities with respect to health care fraud and abuse, including the conducting of investigations, audits, evaluations, and inspections relating to the delivery of and payment for health care in the U.S. The OIG has long used return on investment (ROI) as the primary measure of effectiveness and efficiency.
8b. Target and actual returns per budget dollar invested in the OIG (ROI). |
||
Fiscal Year |
Target |
Actual |
2003 |
$100 |
01/2004 |
2002 |
$77 |
$121 |
2001 |
$75 |
$110 |
Source: OIG OMB Budget Submission
The OIG has increased its expected recoveries and savings from funds not expended relative to its operating cost each year, except FY 1999, when the previous year's results were equaled. Over the entire FY 1997�FY 2002 period, ROI improved by 70 percent. The targets set during the first four years of this period were conservative because of the uncertainty of the impact of changes to the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 then being considered by Congress. In each case, the targets were below the most recent actual returns of any year shown on the tables. The method of setting the target ROI was changed in the FY 2004 performance plan, and for the first time, the target exceeds previous actual results. The higher targets were derived by projecting a 10 percent improvement over the average of the most recent three years of actual expected recoveries and audit disallowances, along with adding $1 billion to the known savings from funds not expended as a result of legislative or administrative actions stimulated by OIG reports.
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This section summarizes the significant changes in HHS's financial condition during the past year. The following table provides an overview of HHS's financial condition at the end of FY 2003 (dollars in millions)
HHS Financial Condition |
FY2003 |
FY 2002 (restated) |
Increase |
% Change |
Total Assets |
$ 389,192 |
$ 377,997 |
$ 11,195 |
3.0% |
Total Liabilities |
$ 63,059 |
$ 60,455 |
$ 2,604 |
4.3% |
Net Position |
$ 326,133 |
$ 317,542 |
$ 8,591 |
2.7% |
Net Cost of Operations |
$ 510,162 |
$ 472,142 |
$ 38,020 |
8.1% |
Assets - What We Own
HHS Assets increased $11 billion or 3.0 percent to a total of $389 billion during FY 2003 as shown in Chart 1. Increases of $8 billion or 3.1 percent in Investments and of $2 billion or 1.8 percent in HHS's Fund Balance with Treasury accounted for most of the change in Total Assets. As shown in Chart 2, HHS's Investments of $282 billion and its Fund Balance with Treasury of $86 billion together comprise 95 percent of HHS's Total Assets. The Fund Balance with Treasury is HHS's "checkbook balance", or the aggregate amount of funds deposited in the Treasury available to make authorized expenditures and pay liabilities.
At the end of FY 2003, approximately $280 billion or 99 percent of HHS Investments were in U.S. Treasury Securities to support the Medicare trust funds, which include Hospital Insurance (HI) and the Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) trust funds. Established in 1965 as title XVIII of the Social Security Act, Medicare was legislated as a complement to Social Security retirement, survivors, and disability benefits, and originally covered people aged 65 and over. In 1972, the program was expanded to cover the disabled, people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis or kidney transplant, and people age 65 or older who elect Medicare coverage. Medicare is a combination of three programs: Hospital Insurance (HI), Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI), and Medicare+Choice. Since 1966, Medicare enrollment has increased from 19 million to approximately 41 million beneficiaries.
Hospital Insurance (HI)
HI or Medicare Part A, is usually provided automatically to people aged 65 and over who have worked long enough to qualify for Social Security benefits and to most disabled people entitled to Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits. The HI program pays for hospital, skilled nursing facility, home health, and hospice care and is financed primarily by payroll taxes paid by workers and employers. The taxes paid each year are used mainly to pay benefits for current beneficiaries. Funds not currently needed to pay benefits and related expenses are held in the HI trust fund, and invested in U.S. Treasury securities. As reported in the Required Supplementary Stewardship Information (RSSI) section of this report, HI trust fund assets steadily increase through 2017. At this point, expenditures start to exceed income including interest, thus drawing down assets until 2026 when they would be depleted. The shortfall between income and expenditures is due in part to the attainment of Medicare eligibility, starting in 2011, of those born during the 1946-1964 baby boom, and also due to health costs that are expected to increase faster than workers' earnings. Actual economic conditions, however, could delay (in the case of economic recovery) or accelerate this condition. Based on estimates from the Mid-Session Review of the FY 2004 President's budget, inpatient hospital spending accounted for 72 percent of HI benefits outlays. Managed care spending comprised 12 percent of total HI outlays. During FY 2003, HI benefit outlays grew by 6.5 percent. The HI benefit outlays per enrollee are projected to increase by 5.3 percent to $3,785.
Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI)
SMI or Medicare Part B, is available to nearly all people aged 65 and over, the disabled, and people with ESRD who are entitled to Part A benefits. The SMI program pays for physician, outpatient hospital, home health, laboratory tests, durable medical equipment, designated therapy, and other services not covered by HI. The SMI coverage is optional and beneficiaries are subject to monthly premium payments. About 95 percent of HI enrollees elect to enroll in SMI.
Whereas HI is funded primarily by payroll taxes, SMI obtains its funding through monthly beneficiary premiums and income from the general fund of the U.S. Treasury � both of which are established annually to cover the following year's expenditures. Thus, the SMI trust fund is in financial balance every year, regardless of future economic and other conditions, due to its financing mechanism. Funds not currently needed to pay benefits and related expenses are held in the SMI trust fund, and invested in U.S. Treasury securities.
Under the Trustees' intermediate set of assumptions, the HI trust fund will incur an actuarial deficit of more than $5.9 trillion over the 75-year projection period, as compared to more than $4.9 trillion in the 2002 financial report. In order to bring the HI trust fund into actuarial balance over the next 75 years, very substantial increases in revenues and/or reductions in benefits would be required. Since the SMI trust fund is in financial balance every year, there has been substantially less attention directed toward its financial status than to the HI trust fund � even though the SMI expenditures have increased faster than the HI expenditures in most years and are expected to continue to do so for a number of years in the future. Also based on estimates, during FY 2003, SMI benefit outlays grew by 8.8 percent. Physician services, the largest component of SMI, accounted for 40 percent of SMI benefit outlays. The SMI benefit outlays per enrollee are projected to increase 7.4 percent to $3,059.
It is important to note that no liability has been recognized on HHS's balance sheet for future payments to be made to current and future program participants beyond the existing "incurred but not reported" Medicare claim amounts as of September 30, 2003. This is because Medicare is accounted for as a social insurance program rather than a pension program.
A more detailed discussion of HHS's social insurance funds and other stewardship property and investments can be found in the Section III RSSI discussion of this report. A more detailed discussion of the Medicare Trust Fund can be found in RSSI and in the CMS Financial Report.
Liabilities - What We Owe
HHS's Liabilities increased 3 billion or 4.4 percent to a total of $63 billion during FY 2003, as shown in Chart 3. This increase can be attributed primarily to a $4 billion or 8.0 percent increase to $48 billion in Entitlement Benefits Due and Payable, which account for more than three-fourths of total liabilities. Entitlement Benefits represent benefits due and payable to the public from the CMS insurance programs discussed above. This increase was offset by a $1.3 billion or 16% decrease in Federal Employee & Veteran Benefits. This decrease is attributable to a revised reporting practice at the Department of Defense (DoD) for FY 2003, whereby DOD reports the Commissioned Corps postemployment health benefits component of the actuarial liability in DoD's financial statements. HHS had previously reported these amounts in its statements.
Statement of Changes in Net Position - Where We Stand
HHS's Net Position, which increased $9 billion or 2.7 percent to $326 billion at the end of FY 2003, consists of the cumulative net results of operations since inception, and unexpended appropriations, or those appropriations provided to HHS that remain unused at the end of the fiscal year.
Net Cost - How We Spend
HHS incurred a total net cost for the year of $510 billion, which represents a $38 billion or 8.1 percent increase over FY 2002. The Consolidated Statement of Net Cost in Section III of this report presents HHS net operating costs by HHS agency, while functional detail is provided in the footnotes to the financial statements, also in Section III. As can be seen in Chart 5, CMS, ACF, and NIH account for a combined 95 percent of HHS's total net cost of operations, incurring net costs of $416 billion, $48 billion, and $23 billion, respectively.
Chart 6 shows how HHS incurs net costs across its primary functions as defined in the budget. HHS's Medicare (49.0 percent); Health (41.4 percent); Income Security (7.3 percent); and Education, Training, and Social Services (2.3 percent) account for nearly all of HHS's net costs incurred during FY 2003. The percentages in Chart 6 reflect a proportional analysis of HHS's combined net costs (not accounting for intradepartmental costs and revenues). Intradepartmental net costs accounted for less than 0.1 percent of total combined net costs.
Costs vs. Outlays
The following concepts are critical for understanding the HHS financial story:
Budgetary Resources and Financing - Where the Money Comes From
During FY 2003, most of the funding to support net costs came from $646 billion in appropriations from Congress, as shown in HHS's Combined Statement of Budgetary Resources. This represents 96 percent of the gross budgetary resources available to HHS. This gross amount was offset by a pre-designated portion of funds that were either temporarily or permanently unavailable pursuant to specific legislation to derive a net funds available amount of $654 billion, an increase of 7.1 percent over FY 2002 levels. During FY 2003, HHS incurred obligations of $646 billion, a 7.3 percent increase over FY 2002, and made 12.0 percent more Net Outlays totaling $625 billion. Further comparison of Net Position and Budgetary Resource activity between FY 2002 and FY 2003 is limited due to required format changes to the financial statements implemented for FY 2003.
Limitations of the Principal Financial Statements
The principal financial statements in Section III of this report have been prepared to report the financial position and results of operations of HHS, pursuant to the requirements of 31 U.S.C. 3515(b), the Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990, as amended by the Reports Consolidation Act of 2000 (P.L. 106-531). While the statements have been prepared from the books and records of HHS in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for federal entities and the formats prescribed by OMB, the statements are in addition to the financial reports used to monitor and control budgetary resources, which are prepared from the same books and records. The statements should be read with the realization that they are for a component of the U.S. Government, a sovereign entity, and that the liabilities reported in the financial statements cannot be liquidated without legislation providing resources to do so.
Grants Management
As the largest grant-awarding agency in the Federal Government, HHS plays a key role in federal grants management. Through over 100 assistance programs, HHS awards more than $300 billion in total federal grant funding.
FY 2002 Grant Awards |
||||||
OPDIV |
Total Grants |
Mandatory Grants |
Discretionary Grants |
|||
# |
$ (in millions) |
# |
$ (in millions) |
# |
$ (in millions) |
|
ACF |
7,471 |
$ 43,173 |
2,524 |
$ 35,994 |
4,947 |
$ 7,179 |
AHRQ |
614 |
$ 160 |
- |
$ - |
614 |
$ 160 |
AOA |
1,082 |
$ 1,176 |
802 |
$ 1,118 |
280 |
$ 58 |
CDC |
3,616 |
$ 4,464 |
156 |
$ 128 |
3,460 |
$ 4,336 |
CMS |
621 |
$ 145,591 |
327 |
$ 145,472 |
294 |
$ 119 |
FDA |
129 |
$ 29 |
- |
$ - |
129 |
$ 29 |
HRSA |
7,415 |
$ 5,311 |
112 |
$ 638 |
7,303 |
$ 4,673 |
IHS |
590 |
$ 917 |
546 |
$ 907 |
44 |
$ 10 |
NIH |
50,139 |
$ 17,695 |
- |
$ - |
50,139 |
$ 17,695 |
OS |
451 |
$ 328 |
- |
$ - |
451 |
$ 328 |
SAMHSA |
2,050 |
$ 2,809 |
232 |
$ 2,120 |
1,818 |
$ 689 |
TOTAL |
74,178 |
$ 221,653 |
4,699 |
$ 186,377 |
69,479 |
$ 35,276 |
FY 2001 |
69,085 |
$ 200,890 |
5,098 |
$ 170,376 |
63,987 |
$ 30,514 |
FY 2000 |
64,433 |
$ 184,654 |
4,699 |
$ 160,008 |
59,734 |
$ 24,646 |
Grant awards are financial assistance that provide support to accomplish a public purpose. Awards include grants and other agreements in the form of money, or property in lieu of money, to eligible recipients. HHS awards most grant dollars in the form of mandatory grants. A mandatory grant is a grant that a federal agency is required by statute to award if the recipients meet the eligibility and compliance requirements of the relevant statute and regulations. The remaining HHS grants are discretionary grants. Discretionary grants permit the federal government, according to specific legislation, to exercise judgment in selecting the project or proposal to be supported and selecting the recipient organization through a competitive process. HHS grant program stewardship and oversight responsibilities involve a variety of ongoing administrative functions, including:
OMB designated HHS to be the lead agency to manage the Federal Grant Streamlining Program (FGSP). The FGSP is a federal government-wide effort required by Public Law 106-107, the Federal Financial Assistance Management Improvement Act of 1999, to streamline, simplify, and provide electronic options for the grants management processes employed by federal agencies and to improve the delivery of services to the public. FGSP initiatives encompass the entire grant life-cycle and include standardizing, simplifying and streamlining the formats used to provide program synopses and announce funding opportunities and the forms required to apply for and report on grant funds. HHS is also the lead agency for the government wide Grants.gov initiative, on the President's Management Agenda e-government initiatives. The HHS Grants.gov program office, in partnership with the twenty-six major grant-making agencies are modifying and developing grants management practices and information systems that will allow current and prospective recipients of Federal grants to find, apply for, and manage grant funds on-line through a common web-site. HHS continues to operate the Tracking Accountability in Government Grants System (TAGGS), which contains department-wide grants award information. Access to TAGGS information is available to HHS staff via the Department's intranet. Our GrantsNet web-site, www.hhs.gov/grantsnet, continues to provide public access to up-to-date policies, regulations, and other pertinent grants-related information.
Highlights of FY 2002 grant awards (most recent data available) include the following:
Debt Management
HHS manages its delinquent debt pursuant to the Debt Collection Improvement Act (DCIA) of 1996. Although HHS refers delinquent debt to the Department of the Treasury (Treasury) for crossservicing and offset, HHS has centralized the DCIA delinquent debt referral process by establishing the PSC as the Department's delinquent debt collection center. In addition, Treasury has granted a cross-servicing exemption for several types of program debts (e.g. Medicare Secondary Payer, unfiled Medicare cost reports and various health professional loans). The PSC cross-services these debts and also refers them to the Treasury Offset Program (TOP). According to the FY 2003 third quarter Treasury Report on Receivables (TROR), HHS and Treasury cooperative debt collection efforts have resulted in:
This section describes select systems that are critical to HHS Departmentwide management, and discusses HHS's capacity to comply with the Federal laws and regulations that pertain to those systems and controls over the Department's resources. The systems discussion includes an overview of HHS's current key systems and details on the Department's future multi-million dollar implementation of an integrated financial management system, currently under development.
A cornerstone to improving HHS management practices is the Department's ability to maintain management systems, processes and controls that ensure financial accountability, provide useful management information and meet requirements of Federal laws, regulations and guidance. HHS seeks to comply with a variety of federal financial management systems requirements, including those articulated by the Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990, Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA, 1982), Federal Financial Management Improvement Act (FFMIA, 1996), Joint Financial Management Improvement Program (JFMIP) principles, OMB Circular A-127, Government Management Results Act (GMRA) and the Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996. HHS' overall goals for its financial management systems focus on ensuring effective internal controls; timely, reliable financial and performance data for reporting; and system integration. Its immediate priorities are to address two weaknesses (as identified in its corrective action reports) in financial management system processes and electronic data processing (EDP) access controls.
HHS Financial Management Systems
The following table summarizes the existing key HHS systems that allow HHS agencies to perform the majority of financial management business functions across the Department. HHS current financial systems environment consists of five core accounting systems including numerous feeder systems processing grants, travel, acquisitions, logistics, and other administrative systems.
System Name |
Description |
CORE |
The PSC CORE Accounting system records and reports the financial activity for eight of the twelve HHS operating components. CORE the nucleus of PSC's accounting operations and accepts and processes data supplied by feeder systems from the HHS agencies as well as from the Payroll, Travel, and Payment Management Systems (PMS). The reliability of the information in CORE has been a major factor in achieving an unqualified "clean" opinion for all of the financial statement audits for the HHS agencies serviced by PSC. |
Payment Management System (PMS) |
PSC's PMS is a centralized grants payment and cash management system serving 11 Federal agencies with 44 grant awarding component offices and bureaus. PMS is operated by the HHS Division of Payment Management (DPM), Financial Management Service, Program Support Center. PMS has been identified by the Chief Financial Officer's Council (CFOC) as one of two civilian grant payment systems to serve all federal civilian grant-awarding agencies. Of the two CFOC designated systems, PMS is the only full service system available to the grant awarding agencies. PMS is an automated system capable of receiving electronic or manual payment requests, editing them for accuracy and content, batching them for forwarding to the Federal Reserve Bank or U.S. Treasury for payment, and recording the transaction to the appropriate general ledger account(s). The legal or regulatory requirements met by this system include the Cash Management Improvement Act of 1990, OMB Circulars A-102 and A-110, Debt Collection Improvement Act of 1996, and 45 CFR Parts 74, 92, and 96 regulating HHS discretionary and Block grants. |
Accounting For Pay System (AFPS) |
PSC's AFPS provides a systematic interface of payroll accounting information necessary to account for disbursements, expenditures, obligations and accruals for personnel costs. This interface results in the production of accounting transactions and expenditure of reports to accomplish accounting requirements and payroll reconciliation's. AFPS offers such features as Labor Distribution, Common Accounting Number (CAN) Adjustments, Automated SF-224 Report preparation, Pay and Benefit history file and additional features. |
Automated Financial Statement (AFS) |
AFS is a web-based system used to compile the department-wide financial statements. |
Total Accounting On-Line Processing System (TOPS) |
TOPS is the core financial system that supports most of the accounting functions at CDC. |
General Ledger Accounting System (GLAS) |
GLAS is the core financial application that supports most of the accounting functions at FDA. |
Central Accounting System (CAS) |
Central Accounting System is the core financial system that supports most of the accounting functions at NIH. |
Financial Accounting Control System (FACS) |
Financial Accounting Control Systems is the core accounting system used to compile accounting functions at CMS. |
HHS Financial Management System Weaknesses
Financial Management Systems Processes
HHS's primary strategy to remedy this material weakness is the implementation of the Unified Financial Management System (UFMS). Consistent with the vision of "One HHS," the Department is seeking to meet these goals by unifying and modernizing HHS financial management systems. UFMS is a business transformation effort designed to integrate Department-wide financial management systems and operations by aligning the Department's businesses with modern technological capabilities. Existing HHS financial management system configuration supports standard data elements and interface records. With UFMS, HHS will also standardize business processes for all core JFMIP functions including general ledger, accounts payable, accounts receivable, cost management, budget execution and financial reporting.
General and Application Controls
EDP weaknesses were identified for Medicare contractors in five primary types of controls, as follows: entity-wide security programs, access controls (physical and logical), systems software, application software development and change controls, service continuity. CMS continues to make progress in identifying and addressing weaknesses in its automated processing systems. Following the establishment of a baseline in FY2002, CMS continues to assess the risks inherent in each area of vulnerability, assign priorities, and seek resources as necessary to correct known deficiencies. In addition, a critical goal of the HIGLAS investment is to integrate CMS accounting systems in order to produce audited financial statements.
The Department remains dedicated to ongoing performance improvement of its financial management environment. HHS, using the Secretary's "One HHS" vision as a guiding principle, is striving to establish a target environment which uses efficient business processes, is supported by modern financial systems, and is consistent with federal financial management requirements and best practices. The UFMS investment represents a substantial commitment towards establishing the target financial management environment across HHS. HHS will continue to monitor the progress and results of its financial management operations in the areas of financial accountability, usefulness of information and compliance.
UFMS Implementation
The UFMS investment will replace five legacy accounting systems (PSC's Core Accounting System, CDC's TOPS, FDA's GLAS, NIH's CAS, and CMS's FACS with a web-based Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) product. Once fully implemented, UFMS will reduce the number of financial management systems from five to one modern accounting system, with two components. One, the Healthcare Integrated General Ledger Accounting System (HIGLAS), will support the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and the Medicare Contractors. The other will serve the rest of HHS. Upon completion, UFMS will be the largest civilian financial management system of the federal government.
UFMS will routinely produce information that is timely, useful, and reliable and will support the integration of financial and performance information. Older, mainframe systems such as PSC's Core, FDA's GLAS and CDC's TOPS cannot produce the information that program managers and decision makers need in a timely manner, nor can they provide the real-time processes needed to support effective e-government initiatives. By eliminating redundant and outdated financial systems (core and supporting) and by standardizing business rules, data requirements and accounting policies (particularly around the accounting classification structure), UFMS will reduce the extent of manual processes now involved in producing reports. This increases the timeliness and accuracy of financial management information Department-wide, including HHS level consolidated financial statements. Within HHS, UFMS establishes the foundation for full integration of financial and administrative systems and more robust cost management ability. UFMS will also strengthen the extent of internal financial management controls by providing automated funds control that will allow managers to accurately assess available program funds on an everyday basis.
Finally, the Secretary's "One HHS" vision will also result in streamlining critical administrative systems at HHS that impact financial management functions, including grants and acquisition. In conjunction with these internal HHS streamlining efforts, the Department will continue to ensure coordination with e-government initiatives efforts such as e-Travel, e-Grants, e-Payroll and e-Procurement.
HHS has ambitious implementation goals for UFMS. As currently structured, HHS is proceeding on three parallel tracks. The first of these tracks includes implementation activities for CDC, FDA, PSC, and it's customers. NIH is proceeding on another track with its modernization initiative, the NIH Business and Research Support System (NBRSS). NBS will be integrated with UFMS in FY 05. The final track is CMS' HIGLAS implementation. UFMS is scheduled to be integrated with CMS' HIGLAS by the end of FY 07. One major accomplishment necessary to enable the integration of these three tracks is to have a unified global design, including the budget and accounting classification structure that was recently completed. For the rest of the Department, HHS anticipates deployment at the CDC and FDA in FY05. Implementation at HHS agencies supported by PSC will be phased in from FY05 to FY07 concluding with deployment at the IHS and it's area offices. The following illustration shows HHS's UFMS implementation strategy.
UFMS Implementation Strategy
Key targets and performance:
As of the end of FY 2003, the UFMS project, all three tracks, is on budget and on schedule. Key accomplishments for FY 2003 include:
Further information about the UFMS initiative can be obtained through the UFMS website at www.hhs.gov/ufms.
Statement of Auditing Standards (SAS) 70 Systems Reviews
Independent audits of HHS internal controls is completed annually under oversight of the HHS OIG. The audit for FY 2003 was completed under the guidelines of the American Institute for Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Auditing Standards (SAS) Number 70 for Service Organizations. The annual audit is a "Type 2" report providing an opinion on the internal controls placed in operation and includes tests of operating effectiveness. The following summarizes HHS systems findings during the FY 2003 audits.
PSC: Core Accounting System and Feeder Systems
An independent audit was conducted of the HHS internal controls for the Program Support Center (PSC) general IT and application controls over the CORE Accounting system and Feeder Systems (i.e. Accounting for Pay System (AFPS), Travel Management System (TMS), Managing and Accounting Credit Card System (MACCS), Accounts Receivable System (ARS), and the Debt Management Collection System (DMCS). In the Auditors opinion, the controls that were tested were operating with sufficient effectiveness to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the control objectives were achieved during the period of October 1, 2002 to June 30, 2003 except for as noted below:
PSC: Human Resources Service Personnel and Payroll Systems
An independent audit was conducted of HHS internal controls for the PSC which examined the Program Support Center (PSC) general IT and application controls over the Human Resources Service (HRS) Personnel and Payroll Systems (i.e. Civilian Payroll System (CPS), Enterprise Human Resources and Payroll System (EHRP), and the Commissioned Officer Personnel and Payroll System (COPPS). In the Auditors opinion, the controls that were tested were operating with sufficient effectiveness to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the control objectives were achieved during the period of October 1, 2002 to June 30, 2003 except for as noted below:
PSC: Division of Payment Management
An independent audit was conducted of HHS internal controls for the Division of Payment Management (DPM). In the Auditors opinion, the controls that were tested were operating with sufficient effectiveness to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the control objectives were achieved during the period of October 1, 2002 to June 30, 2003.
NIH: Center for Information Technology
An independent audit was conducted of HHS internal controls for the National Institutes of Health' Center for Information Technology (CIT). In the Auditors opinion, the controls that were tested were operating with sufficient effectiveness to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the control objectives were achieved during the period of October 1, 2002 to June 30, 2003.
Financial Controls and Legal Compliance
The Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act of 1982 (FMFIA) requires that agencies establish controls that reasonably ensure the integrity of federal programs and the use of funds. The Federal Financial Managers Integrity Act of 1996 (FFMIA) requires agencies to implement and maintain systems that comply with specific governmentwide system parameters and policies. As noted in the assurance statements in the Secretary's message at the opening of this document, the following FMFIA and FFMIA issues remain outstanding at the end of FY 2003.
Federal Manager's Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)
At the end of FY 2003, HHS reduced the number of programmatic management control material weaknesses, under Section 2 of the FMFIA, from one to zero at the HHS corporate level. The material weakness reported in the Department's report on FY 2002 pertained to the enforcement program for Imported Foods at FDA. HHS has determined that FDA has made substantial efforts to date to address this material weakness, and as a result, is no longer material at the HHS corporate level. FDA continues to report this material weakness in its FMFIA report. HHS's FMFIA report may be found in Appendix D.
Federal Financial Management Improvement Act (FFMIA)
FFMIA mandates that agencies"...implement and maintain financial management systems that comply substantially with Federal financial management systems requirements, applicable Federal accounting standards and the United States Government Standard General Ledger at the transaction level". FFMIA also requires that remediation plans be developed for any entity that is unable to report substantial compliance with these requirements.
As of September 30, 2003, HHS continues to have two non-conformances with the requirements of FFMIA: 1) Financial Management Systems and Processes; and 2) General and Application Controls over Medicare financial management systems and other HHS agency systems. Implementation of the UFMS will eliminate these material weaknesses.
Further details are provided in the full FFMIA Report in Appendix E. Corrective actions planned and completed are tracked in the Department's Corrective Action Plan (CAP) report that is provided to OMB on a quarterly basis.
Crosswalk of HHS Challenges and Goals |
||
HHS Top Managements |
President's |
HHS Strategic Goals |
Bioterrorism Preparedness |
|
# 2 |
Payment for Prescription Drugs |
|
# 3 |
Nursing Facilities |
|
# 3 and # 5 |
Integrity of Medicaid Payments |
Improved Financial Performance |
# 8 |
Oversight of Medicare Contractors |
Improved Financial Performance |
# 8 |
Medicare Payment Errors |
Improved Financial Performance |
# 8 |
Grant Management |
Improved Financial Performance and Expanded Electronic Government |
# 8 |
Protection of Critical Systems, Infrastructure, and Patient Data |
Expanded Electronic Government |
# 8 |
The breadth of services that HHS delivers and the myriad support functions required to support them yield a number of management challenges, which help set the course for HHS improvement efforts each year. The OIG identifies these challenges and tracks HHS's progress in resolving them. Pursuant to the Reports Consolidation Act of 2000, Appendix A addresses the challenges identified by the OIG, and management's responses to those challenges in detail. As shown in the accompanying chart, many of the initiatives discussed in this report, both under the auspices of the PMA and HHS's own strategic goals, address these challenges. Through the Department's many initiatives, HHS continually strives to improve not only the quality of services it delivers to its "customers" and beneficiaries, but also to enhance management effectiveness and efficiency.