Flu-Related Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports (MMWRs)

NOTE: A comprehensive listing of flu-related MMWR updates & guidelines from 1998–current can be found in the MMWR mGuide for Influenza. MMWR mGuide for Influenza.

Weekly reports from the CDC on new developments and reconditions in public health MMWR issues are listed by category and within categories by date, from most recent to least recent issues.

On this page:

• 2008-09 Season
• Immunization for Persons Aged 50-65 Years
• Immunization for Persons Aged 65 Years and Older
• Additional Immunization Recommendations
• Surveillance
• Previous Seasons
• Past Isolated Outbreaks
• Other Flu-Related MMWRs

2008-09 Season

• State-Specific Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults --- United States, 2006--07 Influenza Season.
  MMWR 2008;57(38);1033-1039 .
• Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 6--23 Months --- United States, 2006--07 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2008;57(38);1039-1043.
• Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 6--59 Months --- Eight Immunization Information System Sentinel Sites, United States, 2007--08 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2008;57(38);1043-1046.
• Influenza Activity --- United States and Worldwide, May 18--September 19, 2008
  MMWR 2008;57(38);1046-1049.
• Prevention and Control of Influenza: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2008
  MMWR 2008; 57(RR07);1-60.

Immunization for Persons Aged 50 - 65 Years

• Influenza Vaccination Levels Among Persons Aged 65 Years and Older & Among Persons Aged 18–64 Years with High-Risk Conditions—United States, 2003
  MMWR 2005 Oct 21;54(41):1045-1049.
• Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Persons Aged 50–64 Years Enrolled in Commercial Managed Health-Care Plans—United States, 2003–04 & 2004–05 Influenza Seasons
  MMWR 2005 Sep 23;54(37):921-923.
• Improving Influenza, Pneumococcal Polysaccharide, & Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage Among Adults Aged <65 Years at High Risk
  MMWR 2005 Apr 1;54(RR05):1-11.
• Influenza & Pneumococcal Vaccination Coverage Among Persons Aged 65 Years and Older & Persons Aged 18–64 Years with Diabetes or Asthma—United States, 2003
  MMWR 2004 Nov 5;53(43):1007-1012.
• Public Health & Aging: Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults Aged 50 Years and Older & Pneumococcal Vaccination Coverage Among Adults Aged 65 Years and Older —United States, 2002
  MMWR 2003 Oct 17;52(41):987.

Immunization for Persons 65 Years and Older

• Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Coverage Among Persons Aged 65 Years and Older—United States, 2004–2005.
  MMWR 2006 Oct 6;55(39):1065-1068.
• Influenza Vaccination Levels Among Persons Aged 65 Years and Older & Among Persons Aged 18–64 Years with High-Risk Conditions—United States, 2003
  MMWR 2005 Oct 21;54(41):1045-1049.
• Influenza Vaccination & Self-Reported Reasons for Not Receiving Influenza Vaccination Among Medicare Beneficiaries Aged 65 Years and Older—United States, 1991-2002
  MMWR 2004 Nov 5;53(43):1012-1015.
• Influenza & Pneumococcal Vaccination Levels Among Persons Aged 65 Years and Older—United States, 2001
  MMWR 2002 Nov 15;51(45):1019-1024.
• Influenza & Pneumococcal Vaccination Levels Among Persons Aged 65 Years and Older—United States, 1999
  MMWR 2001 Jun 29;50(25):532-7.
• Influenza Vaccination Status of Persons Aged 65-79 Years—Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, February-March 1997
  MMWR 1998 Dec 25;47(50):1094-7.
• Influenza & Pneumococcal Vaccination Levels Among Adults Aged greater than or equal to 65 Years—U.S.
  MMWR 1998 Oct 2;47(38): 797-802.

Additional Immunization Recommendations

• Influenza Vaccination of Health-Care Personnel: Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) & the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
  MMWR 2006 Feb 24;55(RR02):1-16.

Surveillance for Influenza

• Surveillance for Laboratory-Confirmed, Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations—Colorado, 2004–05 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2005 June 3;54(21):535-537.
• Surveillance for Influenza—United States, 1997-98, 1998-99, & 1999-00 Seasons
  MMWR 2002 Oct 25;51 (SS07):1-10.
• Surveillance for Influenza—United States, 1994-95, 1995-96, & 1996-97 Seasons
  MMWR 2000 Apr 28;49 (SS03):13-28.

Previous Flu Seasons

2007-08 Season

• Influenza Activity --- United States and Worldwide, 2007--08 Season
  MMWR 2008 57(25);692-697.
• Interim Within-Season Estimate of the Effectiveness of Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine—Marshfield, Wisconsin, 2007-08 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2008 Apr 18;57(15);393-398.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, September 30, 2007-April 5, 2008, and Composition of the 2008-09 Influenza Vaccine
  MMWR 2008 Apr 18;57(15);404-409.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, September 30, 2007—February 9, 2008
  MMWR 2008 Feb 15;57(Early Release):1-5.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States–September 30-December 1, 2007
  MMWR 2007 Dec 14;56(49):1287-1291.
• Notice to Readers: National Influenza Vaccination Week - Nov 26-Dec 2, 2007
  MMWR 2007 Nov 23;56(46):1216-1217.
• Notice to Readers: Expansion of Use of Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (FluMist®) to Children Aged 2–4 Years and Other FluMist Changes for the 2007–08 Influenza Season.
  MMWR 2007 Nov 23;56(46):1217-1219.
• Notice to Readers: Availability of Additional Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine for Adults (Afluria®).
  MMWR 2007 Nov 23;56(46):1219.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States and Worldwide, May 20–September 15, 2007.
  MMWR 2007 Sep 28;56(38):1001-1004.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States and Worldwide, 2006–07 Season, and Composition of the 2007–08 Influenza Vaccine.
  MMWR 2007 August 10;56(31):789-794.
• Prevention & Control of Influenza - Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
  MMWR 2007 Jul 13;56(RR06):1-54. Also available as PDF (720K).

2006-07 Season

• Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 6–59 Months—Six Immunization Information System Sentinel Sites, United States, 2006–07 Influenza Season.
  MMWR 2007 September 21;56(37):963-965.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States and Worldwide, 2006–07 Season, and Composition of the 2007–08 Influenza Vaccine.
  MMWR 2007 August 10;56(31):789-794.
• Prevention & Control of Influenza—Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
  July 28, 2006 / 55(RR10);1-42

2005-06 Season

• State-Specific Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults Aged >18 Years—United States, 2003–04 and 2005–06 Influenza Seasons.
  MMWR 2007 Sep 21;56(37):953-959.
• Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 6–23 Months—United States, 2005–06 Influenza Season.
  MMWR 2007 Sep 21;56(37):959-963.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, March 19-25, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Apr 7;55(13):368-370.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, March 12-18, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Mar 31;55(12):341-343.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, March 5-11, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Mar 24;55(11):311-313.
• Increased Antiviral Medication Sales Before the 2005-06 Influenza Season—New York City
  MMWR 2006 Mar 17;55(10):277-279.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, February 26-March 4, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Mar 17;55(10):284-286.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, February 19-25, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Mar 10;55(09):249-251.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, February 12-18, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Mar 3;55(08):210-212.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, February 5-11, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Feb 24;55(07):183-184.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, January 29-February 4, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Feb 17;55(06):156-158.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, January 22-28, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Feb 10;55(05):128-129.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, January 15-21, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Feb 3;55(04):103-105.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, January 8-14, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Jan 27;55(03):74-76.
• High Levels of Adamantane Resistance Among Influenza A (H3N2) Viruses & Interim Guidelines for Use of Antiviral Agents—United States, 2005–06 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2006 Jan 20;55(02):44-46.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, January 1-7, 2006
  MMWR 2006 Jan 20;55(02):46-48.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, December 25-31, 2005
  MMWR 2006 Jan 13;55(01):11-13.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, December 18-24, 2005
  MMWR 2006 Jan 6;54(51&52):1305-1307.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, October 2--December 3, 2005
  MMWR 2005 Dec 16;54(49):1256-1259.
• Influenza Vaccine Prebooking & Distribution Strategies for the 2005–06 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2005 Apr 1;54(12):307-308.

2004-05

• Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Children with Asthma—United States, 2004–2005 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2007 March 9; 56(9): 193-196.
• Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Coverage Among Persons Aged 65 Years and Older—United States, 2004–2005
  MMWR 2006 Oct 6;55(39):1065-1068.
• Childhood Influenza Vaccination Coverage—United States, 2004–05 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2006 Oct 6;55(39):1062-1065.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States & Worldwide, 2004–05 Season
  MMWR 2005 July 1;54(25):631-634.
• Surveillance for Laboratory-Confirmed, Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations—Colorado, 2004–05 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2005 June 3;54(21):535-537.
• Update: Influenza Activity—U.S., 2004–05 Season
  MMWR 2005 Apr 8;54(13):328-331.
• Estimated Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults & Children—United States, September 1, 2004–January 31, 2005
  MMWR 2005 Apr 1;54(12):304-307.
• Update: Influenza Activity—U.S., 2004–05 Season
  MMWR 2005 Mar 4;54(08):193-196.
• Interventions to Increase Influenza Vaccination of Health-Care Workers—California & Minnesota
  MMWR 2005 Mar 4;54(08):196-199.
• Brief Report: Vaccination Coverage Among Callers to a State Influenza Hotline—Connecticut, 2004–05 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2005 Mar 4;54(08):199-200.
• Update: Influenza Activity—U.S., 2004–05 Season
  MMWR 2005 Jan 14;54(01):14-16.
• Estimated Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults & Children—U.S., September 1 – November 30, 2004
  MMWR 2004 Dec 17;53(49):1147-1153.
• Experiences with Obtaining Influenza Vaccination Among Persons in Priority Groups During a Vaccine Shortage—U.S., October – November, 2004
  MMWR 2004 Dec 17;53(49):1153-1155.

2003-04

• State-Specific Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults Aged >18 Years—United States, 2003–04 and 2005–06 Influenza Seasons.
  MMWR 2007 Sep 21;56(37):953-959.
• Childhood Influenza Vaccination Coverage—United States, 2003–04 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2006 Feb 3;55(04):100-103.
• Influenza Vaccination Levels Among Persons Aged 65 Years and Older & Among Persons Aged 18–64 Years with High-Risk Conditions—United States, 2003
  MMWR 2005 Oct 21;54(41):1045-1049.
• Experiences with Influenza-Like Illness & Attitudes Regarding Influenza Prevention—U.S., 2003–04 Influenza Season
  MMWR 2004 Dec 17;53(49):1156-1158.
• Assessment of the Effectiveness of the 2003–04 Influenza Vaccine Among Children & Adults—Colorado, 2003
  MMWR 2004 Aug 13;53(31):707-710.
• Using Live, Attenuated Influenza Vaccine for Prevention & Control of Influenza
  MMWR 2003 Sep 26, 2003;52(RR13).
• Prevention & Control of Influenza, Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
  MMWR 2003 Apr 25;52(RR-08).
• Notice to Readers: Supplemental Recommendations About the Timing of Influenza Vaccination, 2003–04 Season
  MMWR 2003 Aug 22;52(33):796.
• Composition of the 2003–04 Influenza Vaccine
  MMWR 2003 Jun 6;52(22).
• Prevention & Control of Influenza, Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
  MMWR 2003 Apr 25;52(33).

2002-03

• Update: Influenza Activity—United States & Worldwide, May–September 2003
  MMWR 2003 Sep 26;52(38):911.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States & Worldwide, 2002–03 Season, & Composition of the 2003–04 Influenza Vaccine
  MMWR 2003 Jun 6;52(22):516.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 2002-03 Season
  MMWR 2003 Mar 21;52(11):224-225.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 2002-03 Season
  MMWR 2003 Jan 17;52(22):26-28.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 2002-03 Season
  MMWR 2002 Dec 6;51(48):1095-1096.
• Update: Influenza Activity—U.S. & Worldwide, June-September, 2002
  MMWR 2002 Oct 4;51(39):880-882.
• Update: Influenza Activity—U.S. & Worldwide, 2001-02 Season, & Composition of the 2002-03 Influenza Vaccine
  MMWR 2002 Jun 14;51(23):503-506.
• Prevention & Control of Influenza: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
  MMWR 2002 Apr 12;51(RR03).
• Notice to Readers: Delayed Influenza Vaccine Availability for 2001-02 Season & Supplemental Recommendations of the ACIP
  MMWR 2001 Jul 13;50(27):582-585.

2001-02

• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 2001-02 Season
  MMWR 2002 Apr 5;51(13):276.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 2001-02 Season
  MMWR 2002 Feb 1;51(4):78.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 2001-02 Season
  MMWR 2001 Dec 7;50(48):1084-1086.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States & Worldwide, May-September 2001
  MMWR 2001 Sep 28;50(38):822-825.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States & Worldwide, 2000-01 Season, & Composition of the 2001-02 Influenza Vaccine
  MMWR 2001 Jun 8;50(22):466-470.
• Prevention & Control of Influenza: Recommendations of ACIP
  MMWR 2001 Apr 20;50(RR-04).

2000-01

• Update: Influenza Activity—United States & Worldwide, May-September 2001
  MMWR Sep 28, 2001;50(38):822-5.
• Influenza Activity—United States, 2000-01 Season
  MMWR Mar 23, 2001;50(11):2079.
• Influenza Activity—United States, 2000-01 Season
  MMWR Jan 26, 2001;50(03):39.
• Influenza Activity—United States, 2000-01 Season
  MMWR Dec 8, 2000;49(48):1085-7.
• Notice to Readers: CDC Contract for Additional 9 Million Doses of Influenza Vaccine for the 2000-01 Season
  MMWR Nov 3, 2000;49(43):999.
• Notice to Readers: Updated Recommendations from the ACIP in Response to Delays in Supply of Influenza Vaccine for the 2000-01 Season
  MMWR Oct 6, 2000;49(39):888.
• Notice to Readers: Delayed Supply of Influenza Vaccine & Adjunct ACIP Influenza Vaccine Recommendations for the 2000-01 Influenza Season
  MMWR Jul 14, 2000;49(27):619-622.
• Prevention & Control of Influenza: Recommendations of ACIP
  MMWR 2000 Apr 14;49(RR03):1-38.

1999-2000

• Update: Influenza Activity—United States & Worldwide, 1999-2000 Season, & Composition of the 2000-2001 Influenza Vaccine
  MMWR May 5, 2000;49(17):375-381.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 1999-2000 Season
  MMWR Mar 10, 2000;49(9):173-7.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 1999-2000 Season
  MMWR Jan 28, 2000;49(3):53-7.
• Neuraminidase Inhibitors for Treatment of Influenza A & B Infections
  MMWR Dec 17 1999;48(RR14):1-9.
• Influenza Activity—United States, 1999-2000 Season
  MMWR Nov 19, 1999;48(45):1039-42.
• Update: Influenza Activity—Worldwide, May-September 1999
  MMWR Oct 8, 1999;48(39):883-6.

1998-1999

• Update: Influenza Activity—United States & Worldwide, 1998-99 Season, & Composition of the 1999-2000 Influenza Vaccine
  MMWR May 14, 1999/Vol 48(18):374-8.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 1998-99 Season
  MMWR Mar 12, 1999;48(9l 177-81.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 1998-99 Season
  MMWR Jan 22, 1999;48(2): 25-7.
• Update: Influenza Activity—United States, 1998-99 Season
  MMWR Nov 20, 1998;47(45): 984, 991.
• Update: Influenza Activity—Worldwide, April-September 1998
  MMWR Oct 9, 1998;47(39): 830-3.
• Influenza A—Florida & Tennessee, July-August 1998, & Virologic Surveillance of Influenza, May-August 1998
  MMWR Sep 18, 1998;47(36):756-9.

Summaries & Weekly Reports from Previous Seasons (1995-Present)

• Flu Activity: Reports & Surveillance Methods in the United States
  Summarizes the vaccine components & flu activity in the U.S. for each season & includes a week-by-week breakdown of each season, including maps, graphs, & statistics.

Past Isolated Outbreaks of Influenza

• Influenza Outbreak—Madagascar, July-August 2002
  MMWR 2002 Nov 15;51(45):1016-1018.
• Influenza B Virus Outbreak on Cruise Ship—Northern Europe, 2000
  MMWR 2001 Mar 2;50(08):137-140.
• Outbreak of Influenza A Infection Among Travelers—Alaska & the Yukon Territory, May-June 1999
  MMWR 1999 Jul 2 Vol.48(25):545-6,555.
• Update: Outbreak of Influenza A Infection—Alaska & the Yukon Territory, July-August 1998
  MMWR 1998 Aug 28;47(33):685-8.
• Outbreak of Influenza A Infection—Alaska & the Yukon Territory June-July 1998
  MMWR 1998 Aug 7;47(30): 638.

Other Flu-Related MMWRs

• Rapid Assessment of Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among HMO Members–Northern California Influenza Seasons, 2001–02 Through 2004–05
  MMWR 2005 July 15;54(27):676-678.
• Facilitating Influenza & Pneumococcal Vaccination Through Standing Orders Programs
  MMWR Jan 31, 2003;52(04):68-9.
• Racial & Ethnic Disparities in Influenza Vaccination
  MMWR Oct 10, 2003;52(42):958-62.
• Notice to Readers: Expansion of Eligibility for Influenza Vaccine Through the Vaccines for Children Program
  MMWR Sep 27, 2002;51(38):864-875.
• Notice to Readers: Considerations for Distinguishing Influenza-Like Illness from Inhalational Anthrax
  MMWR Nov 9, 2001;50(44):986-6.

• Page last updated October 2, 2008
• Content Source: Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases (CCID)
• National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD)

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