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Access to quality, affordable child care is a national priority as the number of two income and single parent families continue to increase. Most parents select one of three types of child care facilities: family care, home care, or day care. Each type has advantages and disadvantages to consider in establishing a child care facility along with the decision to establish either a nonprofit or for profit child care facility.
This resource guide was revised and updated by Patricia LaCaille John June 2005 and partially revised and modified by July 2008.
Child Care Options. Mary Duncomb. WW-07268. St. Paul: University of Minnesota, Extension Service, 1998. 4 p. http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/familydevelopment/components/7268i.html
Choosing Child Care: Child Care Options. Amy Fackler. Boise, ID: Healthwise, Inc., 2003. 3 p. http://www.pamf.org/health/healthinfo/index.cfm?section=healthinfo&page=article
&sgml_id=aa43308
About Cooperatives: Childcare and Preschools. Washington, DC: National Cooperative Business Association. http://www.ncba.coop/abcoop_child.cfm
Child Care That Works: Child Care Cooperatives. Lesia Oesterreich. PM 1808. Ames: Iowa State University, University Extension, 1999. 2 p. http://www.extension.iastate.edu/publications/pm1808.pdf
A Guide to Successful Public-Private Partnerships for Child Care. Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center, n.d. 23 p. http://nccic.org/library/index.cfm?do=oll.viewitem&itemid=17935
Partnerships and Collaboration Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center. http://nccic.org/topics/topic/index.cfm?topicId=4
Public-Private Partnerships in Child Care. Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center, 2004. 11 p. http://nccic.org/poptopics/public-private.html
Child Care: An Action Manual for Communities. Lesia Oesterreich. PM-1739. Ames: Iowa State University, University Extension, 1997. 52 p. http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/PM1739.pdf
Child Care Financial Basics. Lesia Oesterreich. PM-1751. Ames: Iowa State University, University Extension, 1998. 24 p. http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/PM1751.pdf
Early Childhood Facilities. Washington, DC: National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities, 2005. 28 p. http://www.edfacilities.org/rl/earlychildcenters.cfm
How to Start a Quality Child Care Business. MP-29. Washington, DC: U.S. Small Business Administration, 1987? 69 p. http://www.sba.gov/idc/groups/public/documents/sba_homepage/pub_mp29.pdf
Liability Insurance and the Child Care Center. Carol Volker. Ames: Iowa State University Extension, 1995. 10 p. http://www.nncc.org/Business/liabil.ins.ccc.html
Perspectives on Rural Child Care. Betty A. Beach. ERIC Digest, ED403102, 1997. 4 p. http://www.ericdigests.org/1997-3/rural.html
SBA's Online Business Course: How to Start a Business. 12 Session Course. City of Industry, CA: My Own Business, Inc. http://www.myownbusiness.org/course_sba.html
Small Business Planner. Washington, DC: Small Business Administration. http://www.sba.gov/smallbusinessplanner/index.html
Starting and Operating a Child Care Business. Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center, 2008. 22 p. http://nccic.org/resources/index.cfm?do=resource.viewitem&resourceid=13558
Liability Insurance and the Family Child Care Provider. Brenda Cude, Carol Volker. NCR 395. Ames: Iowa State University Extension, 1993. 12 p. http://www.nncc.org/Business/liabil.ins.fcc.html
Starting and Operating a Child Care Business. Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center, 2008. 22 p. http://nccic.org/resources/index.cfm?do=resource.viewitem&resourceid=13558
Child Care Options for Employers. PM-1712. Ames: Iowa State University, University Extension, 1997. 56 p. http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/PM1712.pdf
Employer-Support Child Care. Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center, 2005. 6 p. http://nccic.org/poptopics/employersupportedcc.html
Employer Toolkit Template. Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center, 2005. 63 p. http://nccic.org/library/index.cfm?do=oll.viewitem&itemid=3777
Kids at Work: The Value of Employer-Sponsored On-Site Child Care Centers. Connelly, Rachel, Deborah S. DeGraff, and Rachel A. Willis. Kalamazoo, MI: Bowdoin CollegeW.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 2004. 175 p. http://www.upjohninst.org/publications/titles/kaw.html
When starting the funding search be sure to review federal, state, and private resources that you could use for your child care service. First determine your profit or nonprofit status, then develop a business plan, http://www.nal.usda.gov/ric/ricpubs/small_business.htm. Next consult Grant Writing Resources for assistance in preparing successful proposals and in obtaining funding applications and a DUNS number that is required of all organizations/entities applying for a federal grant or cooperative agreement.
U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has two agencies with start-up/expansion funding programs. The Rural Housing Service, http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/rhs/index.html, (RHS) has facility funding available for non profits or local governments that support child care facilities. The Rural Business-Cooperative Service, http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/rbs/index.html, has guaranteed loan programs for small business development available for profit child care programs. To determine eligibility or to apply for any of the programs listed below, contact your state or local Rural Development Office, http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/recd_map.html.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) has funding programs that support child care services. The Child Care Bureau, http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ccb/ has several funding programs for child care facilities.
Details and contact information for the programs below are available in our Federal Funding Sources for Rural Areas Database. Please search in the database by name or number for more information. Also, check with your state contact listed below for more information.
Child Care Mandatory and Matching Funds of the Child Care and Development Fund (93.596)
State Child Care and Development Fund Contacts, http://nccic.org/statedata/dirs/display.cfm?title=ccdf
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) supports child care facilities near or within public housing, EZ/EC's, or low-income areas through facility construction using block grants, programs, and networks. To determine eligibility or to apply for any of the programs listed below, contact your state HUD office. http://www.hud.gov/local/index.cfm
Community Development Block Grants (CDBG), http://www.hud.gov/offices/cpd/communitydevelopment/programs/cdbg.cfm
The Historically Black Colleges and Universities Program (14.520), allows historically black colleges and universities to help in providing funding for community needs, including construction of local community facilities providing child care and after-school services through these institutions.
Details and contact information for the programs below are available in our Federal Funding Sources for Rural Areas Database. Please search in the database by name or number for more information.
Neighborhood Networks, http://www.hud.gov/offices/hsg/mfh/nnw/nnwindex.cfm
State
Center Locations
http://www-domino4.hud.gov/NN/contacts.nsf/centersearch?OpenForm
U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) provides small businesses financing options, technical assistance, and child care resource information. Check you local SBA offices at http://www.sba.gov/localresources/index.html for more information and applications.
SBA's Financial Assistance page, http://www.sba.gov/services/financialassistance/index.html provides details on all their financial programs.
SBA's Most Asked Questions, http://www.sba.gov/mostrequesteditems/index.html, web site that provides clickable links to
all the basics information on business startup and financing.
1-800-UASK-SBA (1-800-827-5722)
SBA's Office of Women's Business Ownership provides resources for child care businesses at Business Center locations nationwide: http://www.sba.gov/aboutsba/sbaprograms/onlinewbc/index.html.
U.S. General Services Administration has a program that allows
the donation of surplus federal personal property (computers etc.) to
state and local public agencies and qualifying nonprofits, which include
child care centers.
http://www.gsa.gov/Portal/gsa/ep/channelView.do?pageTypeId=8211&channelId=-13016.
Details and contact information for the program is available in our Federal Funding Sources for Rural Areas Database. Please search in the database by name or number for more information.
Donation of Federal Surplus Personal Property Program (39.003)
The U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, Disability Rights Section provides information to child care centers regarding compliance to the Americans with Disabilities Act. This program has an ADA Information Line (1-800-514-0301) that provides answers to general and technical questions about ADA compliance.
Child Care Centers and the Americans with Disabilities Act, http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/chcaflyr.htm
Commonly Asked Questions about Child Care Centers and the Americans with Disabilities Act, http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/childq%26a.htm
ADA and IT Technical Assistance Centers, http://www.adata.org/centers.aspx
The U.S. Department of Agriculture also has funding programs that support child care centers and family day care homes by providing assistance through the Food and Nutrition Service food programs. To determine eligibility or to apply for the program listed below, contact your state agency that administers the Child Nutrition Programs, http://www.fns.usda.gov/cnd/Contacts/StateDirectory.htm.
Additional Information on Food Programs:
Afterschool.gov - How to Get Money (includes food programs), http://www.afterschool.gov/xhtml/topic/t_29.html
Maximizing Federal Food and Nutrition Funds for Out-of-School Time and Community School Initiatives. Barbara Hanson Langford. Strategy Brief, vol. 1, no. 3. Washington, DC: The Finance Project, 2000. 19 p. http://prostores2.carrierzone.com/servlet/financeprojectorg/Detail?no=2685.
AfterSchool.gov web site has information on federal funding programs, http://www.afterschool.gov.
After-School Transportation Programs, http://www.afterschool.gov/xhtml/topic/t_14.html
Childcare.gov, http://www.childcare.gov/
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Office of Head Start, http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ohs/ has programs that assist with nutrition, health, and education readiness for young children. To determine eligibility or to apply for any of the programs listed below, contact your regional office or the the National Child Care Information Center, http://nccic.org/.
Early Head Start National Resource Center, http://www.ehsnrc.org/
Regional Offices for the Administration on Children and Families: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/ (Region 1: 617-565-1020; Region 2: 212-264-2890; Region 3: 215-861-4000; Region 4: 404-562-2800; Region 5: 312-353-4237; Region 6: 214-767-9648; Region 7: 816-426-3981; Region 8: 303-844-3100; Region 9: 415-437-8400; Region 10: 206-615-2547)
Migrant and Seasonal Head Start Quality Improvement Centers, http://www.mhsqic.org/
Financing Strategies, http://www.nccic.org/topics/topic/index.cfm?topicId=14
U.S. Department of Education programs that assist with child care efforts:
The 21st Century Community Learning Centers (84.287)
program offers an after-school environment that provides enrichment
opportunities for children.
http://www.ed.gov/programs/21stcclc/index.html
Details and contact information for the program is available in our Federal Funding Sources for Rural Areas Database. Please search in the database by name or number for more information.
http://ric.nal.usda.gov/nal_web/ric/ffd.php
The Child
Care Access Means Parents in School (84.335)
program provides funding to support or establish child care programs
serving low-income students enrolled in college. Only institutions
of higher education are eligible.
http://www.ed.gov/programs/campisp/index.html
Details and contact information for the program is available in our Federal Funding Sources for Rural Areas Database. Please search in the database by name or number for more information.
http://ric.nal.usda.gov/nal_web/ric/ffd.php
U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention has funding programs available that assist with the crime prevention aspect that some after-school care programs address. These programs are mainly set up for public entities, established youth programs and nonprofit organizations focusing on crime prevention in their communities. http://ojjdp.ncjrs.org/programs/index.html
Additional After-School Program Resources:
Out-of-School Time Project Overview. Washington, DC: The Finance Project. http://www.financeproject.org/index.cfm?page=25
"When School is Out," The Future of Children, 9, No.2, Fall (1999). http://www.futureofchildren.org/pubs-info2825/pubs-info.htm?doc_id=71873
Indian Child and Family Education Program (15.043), Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)
Details and contact information for the program is available in our Federal Funding Sources for Rural Areas Database. Please search in the database by name or number for more information.
http://ric.nal.usda.gov/nal_web/ric/ffd.php
Indian Child Welfare Act: Title II Grants (15.144), BIA
Details and contact information for the program is available in our Federal Funding Sources for Rural Areas Database. Please search in the database by name or number for more information.
http://ric.nal.usda.gov/nal_web/ric/ffd.php
Indian Head Start Program, Indian Health Service, DHHS http://www.ihs.gov/NonMedicalPrograms/HeadStart/index.cfm
Native
American Employment and Training Program (17.265), ETA, DOL
Details and contact information for the program is available in our Federal Funding Sources for Rural Areas Database. Please search in the database by name or number for more information.
http://ric.nal.usda.gov/nal_web/ric/ffd.php
ETA Division of Indian and Native American Programs (DINAP), http://www.doleta.gov/DINAP/
Tribal Child Care Assistance Center (TriTAC), Child Care Bureau, DHHS http://nccic.org/tribal/
Tribal Child Care Facilities: A Guide to Construction and Renovation, Child Care Bureau, DHHS http://www.nccic.org/tribal/construction/.
Child Care in Rural Communities. Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center, 2005. 8 p. http://nccic.org/poptopics/rural.html
Child Care Technical Assistance Network. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children & Families. http://nccic.acf.hhs.gov/cctan/
The Finance Project: Out-of-School Time Clearinhouse - Funding Funding http://www.financeproject.org/irc_pubs.cfm?p=25&id=62
National Network for Child Care. Supported by Cooperation Extension System. http://www.nncc.org
Consult the child care resources and referral agency in your area for information on available state funding and/or technical assistance programs, licensing and regulations.
Child Care Information by State: Licensing, Statistical Data, and Program Contacts. Ames, IA: National Network for Child Care. http://www.nncc.org/states/stateindex.html
State Child Care Profiles. Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center. http://nccic.org/statedata/statepro/index.html
Annie E. Casey Foundation, Baltimore, MD. http://www.aecf.org/AboutUs/GrantInformation.aspx
Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, Flint, MI. http://www.mott.org/grantseeker.aspx
The David and Lucile Packard Foundation, Los Altos, CA. http://www.packard.org/categoryList.aspx?RootCatID=3&CategoryID=63
Foundations Supporting Early Childhood Care and Education, Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center, 2005. 19 p. http://nccic.org/poptopics/foundations.html
Rural Community Assistance Corporation, West Sacramento, CA. http://www.rcac.org/
Child
Care Business Management. Ames, IA: National Network for Child Care. http://cyfernet.ces.ncsu.edu/cyfdb/browse_2pageAnncc.php?subcat=
Child+Care+Business+Management&search=NNCC&search_type=browse
Local Initiatives Support Collaboration (LISC), New York, NY. http://www.lisc.org/
LISC's Community Investment Collaboration for Kids (CICK), http://www.lisc.org/whatwedo/programs/cick/
Rural LISC Partnership, Washington, DC. http://www.ruralisc.org/partners/partners.htm
"Child Care Financing," Child Care Bulletin. 10 (July/Aug 1996) 17 p. http://nccic.org/ccb/issue10.html
"Financial Resources for Child Care." April Kaplan. Welfare Information Network Issue Notes. 2, No. 6 (1998): 10 p. http://www.financeproject.org/Publications/issuechild.htm
Financing Child Care. Scott Groginsky. Washington, DC: National Conference of State Legislatures, 2000. 14 p. http://www.ncsl.org/programs/cyf/finrpt.htm
Financing Child Care in the United States: An Expanded Catalog of Current Strategies. Anne Mitchell, Louise Stoney, Harriet Dichter. Kansas City, MO: Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, 2001. 186 p. http://www.kauffman.org/education.cfm?topic=achievement&itemID=11
Finding Resources To Support Rural Out-of-School Initiatives, Elisabeth Wright. Strategy Brief. Washington, DC: The Finance Project, Vol. 4, No. 1, February 2003. 20p. http://www.financeproject.org/Publications/ruralost.pdf
Financing the Early Care and Education System. Fairfax, VA: National Child Care Information Center, 2005. http://nccic.org/poptopics/funding.html
Child Daycare Services. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. http://www.bls.gov/oco/cg/cgs032.htm
Children in the States. Washington, DC: Children Defense Fund. http://www.childrensdefense.org/site/PageServer?pagename=research_state_information_children_in_the_states
ChildStats.gov, Washington, DC. http://www.childstats.gov/
City & Rural Kids Count: Data Book. Baltimore, MD: The Annie E. Casey Foundation, 2004. 206 p http://www.aecf.org/kidscount/rural_databook/
Child Care Bulletin
National Child Care Information Center
http://nccic.org/ccb/index.html
The Future of Children
The David and Lucile Packard Foundation
http://www.futureofchildren.org/
Children's Defense Fund
25 E Street N.W.
Washington, DC 20001
202-628-8787
Email: cdfinfo@childrensdefense.org
http://www.childrensdefense.org/
National Association for Family Child Care
5202 Pinemont Drive
Salt Lake City, UT 84123
801-269-9338
Email: nafcc@nafcc.org
http://www.nafcc.org/
National Center for Rural Early Childhood Learning Initiatives
46 Blackjack Road
P.O. Box 6013
Mississippi State, MS 39762
662-325-4954
Fax: 662-325-5436
http://ruralec.msstate.edu/
National Child Care Information Center
10530 Rosehaven St., Suite 400
Fairfax, VA 22030
800-616-2242
Fax: 800-716-2242
TTY: 800-516-2242
Email: info@nccic.org
http://nccic.org