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Climate of 2007 - June in Historical PerspectiveNational Climatic Data Center 17 July 2007 |
Global Highlights:
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Contents of this Section: |
The data presented in this report are preliminary. Ranks and anomalies may change as more complete data are received and processed. The most current data may be accessed via the Global Surface Temperature Anomalies page.
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During June, there were above average temperatures across Europe, eastern Brazil, northwestern Africa, and most of Asia and the contiguous U.S. Cooler-than-average conditions occurred in in Australia, Argentina, western Russia, and the southcentral U.S. Warmer than average SSTs occurred in the Atlantic Ocean, North Indian Ocean, and the western equatorial Pacific Ocean. SST anomalies in the Niño 3.4 region were representative of a neutral ENSO phase. Please see the latest ENSO discussion for additional information.
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The mean position of upper level ridges of high pressure and troughs of low pressure (depicted by positive and negative 500-millibar height anomalies on the June map) are generally reflected by areas of positive and negative temperature anomalies at the surface, respectively. For other Global products see the Climate Monitoring Global Products page. |
Images of sea surface temperature conditions are available for all weeks during 2007 at the weekly SST page. |
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Effective with the February 2006 report, NCDC transitioned from the use of the Operational Global Surface Temperature Index (Quayle et al. 1999) to the blended land and ocean dataset developed by Smith and Reynolds (2005). The differences between the two methods are discussed in Smith et al. (2005).
June 2007 ranked as the fourth warmest June since records began in 1880 for combined global land and ocean surface temperatures. The June land surface temperature ranked third warmest on record, while the ocean surface temperature ranked eighth warmest in the 127-year record. For the January-June year-to-date period, the global surface temperature ranked second warmest, while the land ranked warmest on record.
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Current Month / Year-to-date |
June | Anomaly | Rank | Ties | Warmest (or Next Warmest) Year on Record |
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GlobalLandOcean Land and Ocean |
+0.84°C (+1.51°F) +0.44°C (+0.79°F) +0.55°C (+0.99°F) |
3rd warmest 8th warmest 4th warmest |
2005 (+0.98°C/1.76°F) 2005 (+0.53°C/0.95°F) 2005 (+0.65°C/1.17°F) |
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Northern HemisphereLandOcean Land and Ocean |
+0.93°C (+1.67°F) +0.47°C (+0.85°F) +0.64°C (+1.15°F) |
2nd warmest 7th warmest 3rd warmest |
2005 2002,1998 |
2006 (+1.08°C/1.94°F) 2005 (+0.62°C/1.12°F) 2005 (+0.74°C/1.33°F) |
Southern HemisphereLandOcean Land and Ocean |
+0.59°C (+1.06°F) +0.43°C (+0.77°F) +0.45°C (+0.81°F) |
12th warmest 8th warmest 8th warmest |
2005 (+1.10°C/1.98°F) 1998 (+0.51°C/0.92°F) 2005 (+0.55°C/0.99°F) |
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January-June | Anomaly | Rank | Ties | Warmest (or Next Warmest) Year on Record |
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GlobalLandOcean Land and Ocean |
+1.18°C (+2.12°F) +0.43°C (+0.77°F) +0.63°C (+1.13°F) |
warmest 6th warmest 2nd warmest |
2002 |
2002 (+1.08°C/1.94°F) 1998 (+0.53°C/0.95°F) 1998 (+0.64°C/1.15°F) |
Northern HemisphereLandOcean Land and Ocean |
+1.38°C (+2.48°F) +0.45°C (+0.81°F) +0.80°C (+1.44°F) |
warmest 4th warmest warmest |
2002 (+1.26°C/2.27°F) 2005 (+0.51°C/0.92°F) 2002 (+0.74°C/1.33°F) |
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Southern HemisphereLandOcean Land and Ocean |
+0.61°C (+1.10°F) +0.42°C (+0.76°F) +0.45°C (+0.81°F) |
4th warmest 8th warmest 5th warmest |
2005 (+0.92°C/1.66°F) 1998 (+0.56°C/1.01°F) 1998 (+0.60°C/1.08°F) |
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According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, the Northern Hemisphere sea ice extent, which is measured from passive microwave instruments onboard NOAA satellites, was below the 1979-2000 mean, but greater than the previous two years. Sea ice extent for the month of June has decreased at a rate of 3.4%/decade (since satellite records began in 1979) as temperatures in the high latitude Northern Hemisphere have risen at a rate of approximately 0.37°C/decade over the same period.
For further information on the Northern Hemisphere snow and ice conditions, please visit the NSIDC News page, provided by the NOAA's National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). |
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Lower Troposphere
Current Month / Year-to-date These temperatures are for the lowest 8km (5 miles) of the atmosphere. Information on the UAH and RSS sources of troposphere data is available.
Mid-Troposphere Current Month / Year-to-date These temperatures are for the atmospheric layer centered in the mid-troposphere (approximately 2-6 miles above the Earth's surface) which also includes a portion of the lower stratosphere. (The MSU channel used to measure mid-tropospheric temperatures receives about 25 percent of its signal above 6 miles). Because the stratosphere has cooled due to increasing greenhouse gases in the troposphere and losses of ozone in the stratosphere, the stratospheric contribution to the tropospheric average, as measured from satellites, may create an artificial component of cooling to the mid-troposphere temperatures. The University of Washington (UW) versions of the UAH and RSS analyses attempt to remove the stratospheric influence from the mid-troposphere measurements, and as a result the UW versions tend to have a larger warming trend than either the UAH or RSS versions. For additional information, please see NCDC's Microwave Sounding Unit page.
The radiosonde data used in this global analysis were developed using the Lanzante, Klein, Seidel (2003) ("LKS") bias-adjusted dataset and the First Difference Method (Free et al. 2004). Additional details are available. Satellite data have been adjusted by the Global Hydrology and Climate Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH). An independent analysis is also performed by Remote Sensing Systems (RSS) and a third analysis has been performed by Dr. Qiang Fu of the the University of Washington (UW) (Fu et al. 2004)** to remove the influence of the stratosphere on the mid-troposphere value. Global averages from radiosonde data are available from 1958 to present, while satellite measurements began in 1979.
The global mid-troposphere temperatures were warmer than average in June 2007, as shown in the table below. Satellite measurements for June 2007 ranked sixth warmest with the exception of the RSS analysis method which ranked seventh warmest.
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Current Month
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June | Anomaly | Rank | Coolest Year on Record |
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UAH stratosphere | -0.59°C (-1.06°F) | 5th coolest | 1996 (-0.74°C/-1.33°F) |
*RSS stratosphere | -0.41°C (-0.74°F) | 5th coolest | 1996 (-0.61°C/-1.10°F) |
*Version 03_0 |
For additional details on precipitation and temperatures in June, see the Global Hazards page. |
Christy, John R., R.W. Spencer, and W.D. Braswell, 2000: MSU Tropospheric Temperatures: Dataset Construction and Radiosonde Comparisons. J. of Atmos. and Oceanic Technology 17 1153-1170. |
For all climate questions other than questions concerning this report, please contact the National Climatic Data Center's Climate Services Division:
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