The periodicity and recurrence of solar (and lunar) eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node[1] with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and at the same time of year. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central[2] eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole.
Solar eclipses of Saros 152 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1805 Jul 26. The series will end with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 3049 Aug 20. The total duration of Saros series 152 is 1244.08 years. In summary:
First Eclipse = 1805 Jul 26 06:14:19 TD
Last Eclipse = 3049 Aug 20 18:43:31 TD
Duration of Saros 152 = 1244.08 Years
Saros 152 is composed of 70 solar eclipses as follows:
| Solar Eclipses of Saros 152 | |||
| Eclipse Type | Symbol | Number | Percent |
| All Eclipses | - | 70 | 100.0% |
| Partial | P | 15 | 21.4% |
| Annular | A | 22 | 31.4% |
| Total | T | 30 | 42.9% |
| Hybrid[3] | H | 3 | 4.3% |
Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 152 appears in the following table.
| Umbral Eclipses of Saros 152 | ||
| Classification | Number | Percent |
| All Umbral Eclipses | 55 | 100.0% |
| Central (two limits) | 53 | 96.4% |
| Central (one limit) | 0 | 0.0% |
| Non-Central (one limit) | 2 | 3.6% |
The following string illustrates the sequence of the 70 eclipses in Saros 152: 9P 30T 3H 22A 6P
The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 152 as well as other eclipse extrema are listed below.
Longest Total Solar Eclipse: 2328 Jun 09 Duration = 05m15s
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse: 2490 Sep 14 Duration = 01m47s
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse: 2743 Feb 16 Duration = 05m20s
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse: 2562 Oct 29 Duration = 00m35s
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse: 2508 Sep 26 Duration = 01m14s
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse: 2544 Oct 17 Duration = 00m04s
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse: 1949 Oct 21 Magnitude = 0.9638
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse: 3049 Aug 20 Magnitude = 0.0906
Local circumstances at greatest eclipse[4] for every eclipse of Saros 152 are presented in the following catalog. The sequence number in the first column links to a global map showing regions of eclipse visibility. A detailed key and additional information about the catalog can be found at: Key to Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series.
For an animation showing how the eclipse path changes with each member of the series, see Saros 152 Animation.
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
01 -36 1805 Jul 26 06:14:19 12 -2405 Pb -1.4571 0.1405 63.2S 42.8E 0 42
02 -35 1823 Aug 06 13:45:42 11 -2182 P -1.3871 0.2753 62.5S 79.3W 0 51
03 -34 1841 Aug 16 21:20:24 6 -1959 P -1.3193 0.4059 61.9S 158.0E 0 60
04 -33 1859 Aug 28 05:02:00 8 -1736 P -1.2569 0.5261 61.5S 33.7E 0 69
05 -32 1877 Sep 07 12:48:42 -5 -1513 P -1.1985 0.6382 61.2S 91.8W 0 78
06 -31 1895 Sep 18 20:44:01 -6 -1290 P -1.1469 0.7369 61.0S 140.7E 0 86
07 -30 1913 Sep 30 04:45:49 16 -1067 P -1.1005 0.8252 61.0S 11.6E 0 95
08 -29 1931 Oct 11 12:55:40 24 -844 P -1.0607 0.9005 61.2S 119.5W 0 104
09 -28 1949 Oct 21 21:13:01 29 -621 P -1.0270 0.9638 61.5S 107.5E 0 113
10 -27 1967 Nov 02 05:38:56 38 -398 T- -1.0007 1.0126 62.0S 27.8W 0 122 - -
11 -26 1985 Nov 12 14:11:27 55 -175 T -0.9795 1.0388 68.6S 142.6W 11 111 690 01m59s
12 -25 2003 Nov 23 22:50:22 65 48 T -0.9638 1.0379 72.7S 88.4E 15 111 495 01m57s
13 -24 2021 Dec 04 07:34:38 72 271 T -0.9526 1.0367 76.8S 46.2W 17 115 419 01m54s
14 -23 2039 Dec 15 16:23:46 84 494 T -0.9458 1.0356 80.9S 172.8E 18 123 380 01m51s
15 -22 2057 Dec 26 01:14:35 110 717 T -0.9405 1.0348 84.9S 21.8E 19 141 355 01m50s
16 -21 2076 Jan 06 10:07:27 149 940 T -0.9373 1.0342 87.2S 173.7W 20 203 340 01m49s
17 -20 2094 Jan 16 18:59:03 189 1163 T -0.9333 1.0342 84.8S 10.6W 21 267 329 01m51s
18 -19 2112 Jan 29 03:49:52 232 1386 T -0.9292 1.0346 80.6S 163.8W 21 287 322 01m56s
19 -18 2130 Feb 08 12:35:23 276 1609 T -0.9212 1.0356 75.9S 51.8E 22 300 313 02m03s
20 -17 2148 Feb 19 21:18:00 323 1832 T -0.9111 1.0370 70.9S 88.3W 24 309 305 02m13s
21 -16 2166 Mar 02 05:53:21 363 2055 T -0.8958 1.0388 65.4S 134.4E 26 317 294 02m26s
22 -15 2184 Mar 12 14:22:32 404 2278 T -0.8755 1.0409 59.4S 0.2W 29 324 283 02m43s
23 -14 2202 Mar 24 22:42:58 447 2501 T -0.8484 1.0431 52.9S 131.9W 32 330 271 03m03s
24 -13 2220 Apr 04 06:56:42 492 2724 T -0.8162 1.0454 46.2S 99.0E 35 335 260 03m25s
25 -12 2238 Apr 15 15:01:45 539 2947 T -0.7772 1.0475 39.3S 27.3W 39 340 250 03m49s
26 -11 2256 Apr 25 22:58:35 588 3170 T -0.7317 1.0495 32.3S 150.9W 43 344 240 04m14s
27 -10 2274 May 07 06:47:37 639 3393 T -0.6799 1.0510 25.5S 88.2E 47 348 230 04m37s
28 -09 2292 May 17 14:29:33 693 3616 T -0.6224 1.0521 18.8S 30.3W 51 353 220 04m56s
29 -08 2310 May 29 22:04:50 748 3839 T -0.5599 1.0526 12.5S 146.5W 56 357 210 05m10s
30 -07 2328 Jun 09 05:33:53 805 4062 T -0.4928 1.0524 6.7S 99.5E 60 1 199 05m15s
31 -06 2346 Jun 20 12:58:44 865 4285 T -0.4224 1.0515 1.5S 12.7W 65 5 188 05m12s
32 -05 2364 Jun 30 20:19:47 927 4508 T -0.3494 1.0499 2.9N 123.3W 70 9 176 05m00s
33 -04 2382 Jul 12 03:37:51 990 4731 T -0.2744 1.0475 6.5N 127.5E 74 13 164 04m41s
34 -03 2400 Jul 22 10:54:48 1056 4954 T -0.1992 1.0444 9.1N 19.0E 79 17 151 04m17s
35 -02 2418 Aug 02 18:11:10 1124 5177 T -0.1242 1.0406 10.9N 89.0W 83 21 137 03m50s
36 -01 2436 Aug 13 01:29:32 1194 5400 Tm -0.0517 1.0361 11.8N 162.8E 87 25 122 03m21s
37 00 2454 Aug 24 08:48:47 1266 5623 T 0.0194 1.0310 11.9N 54.3E 89 205 105 02m50s
38 01 2472 Sep 03 16:12:54 1340 5846 T 0.0857 1.0255 11.3N 55.4W 85 208 87 02m19s
39 02 2490 Sep 14 23:40:38 1416 6069 T 0.1483 1.0195 10.3N 166.2W 81 209 67 01m47s
40 03 2508 Sep 26 07:14:51 1494 6292 H 0.2046 1.0134 9.0N 81.2E 78 209 47 01m14s
TD of
Seq. Rel. Calendar Greatest Luna Ecl. Ecl. Sun Sun Path Central
Num. Num. Date Eclipse ΔT Num. Type Gamma Mag. Lat. Long. Alt Azm Width Dur.
s ° ° ° ° km
41 04 2526 Oct 07 14:54:21 1574 6515 H 0.2557 1.0070 7.5N 33.0W 75 208 25 00m40s
42 05 2544 Oct 17 22:41:14 1657 6738 H 0.3001 1.0006 5.9N 149.2W 73 207 2 00m04s
43 06 2562 Oct 29 06:34:40 1741 6961 A 0.3382 0.9943 4.6N 92.7E 70 204 21 00m35s
44 07 2580 Nov 08 14:34:19 1827 7184 A 0.3704 0.9883 3.4N 27.1W 68 201 44 01m15s
45 08 2598 Nov 19 22:41:03 1916 7407 A 0.3959 0.9825 2.6N 148.8W 67 198 67 01m57s
46 09 2616 Dec 01 06:53:19 2007 7630 A 0.4156 0.9772 2.1N 88.0E 65 193 89 02m39s
47 10 2634 Dec 12 15:11:13 2099 7853 A 0.4303 0.9723 2.2N 36.7W 64 189 110 03m19s
48 11 2652 Dec 22 23:31:17 2194 8076 A 0.4424 0.9680 2.8N 162.0W 64 185 128 03m56s
49 12 2671 Jan 03 07:55:01 2291 8299 A 0.4505 0.9643 4.0N 71.7E 63 180 144 04m27s
50 13 2689 Jan 13 16:18:41 2390 8522 A 0.4578 0.9612 5.9N 54.7W 63 176 158 04m52s
51 14 2707 Jan 26 00:42:05 2491 8745 A 0.4646 0.9587 8.5N 178.7E 62 172 169 05m08s
52 15 2725 Feb 05 09:02:01 2594 8968 A 0.4734 0.9567 11.8N 52.9E 62 169 178 05m17s
53 16 2743 Feb 16 17:18:53 2699 9191 A 0.4842 0.9553 15.8N 72.4W 61 166 185 05m20s
54 17 2761 Feb 27 01:29:39 2806 9414 A 0.4993 0.9543 20.4N 163.7E 60 163 191 05m17s
55 18 2779 Mar 10 09:33:37 2915 9637 A 0.5193 0.9537 25.7N 41.3E 59 161 196 05m10s
56 19 2797 Mar 20 17:29:20 3027 9860 A 0.5454 0.9533 31.6N 79.2W 57 159 202 05m00s
57 20 2815 Apr 01 01:17:07 3140 10083 A 0.5774 0.9532 38.0N 162.2E 55 158 208 04m48s
58 21 2833 Apr 11 08:54:12 3256 10306 A 0.6177 0.9531 45.0N 46.3E 52 157 217 04m34s
59 22 2851 Apr 22 16:22:32 3373 10529 A 0.6644 0.9529 52.4N 67.3W 48 157 230 04m20s
60 23 2869 May 02 23:40:23 3493 10752 A 0.7192 0.9525 60.4N 178.2W 44 157 250 04m05s
61 24 2887 May 14 06:50:27 3614 10975 A 0.7793 0.9518 69.0N 73.3E 38 157 283 03m52s
62 25 2905 May 25 13:49:06 3738 11198 A 0.8482 0.9505 78.6N 32.5W 32 157 346 03m39s
63 26 2923 Jun 05 20:41:46 3864 11421 A 0.9210 0.9483 89.5N 149.9E 22 84 498 03m28s
64 27 2941 Jun 16 03:25:38 3992 11644 A+ 1.0004 0.9657 66.4N 43.9W 0 351 - -
65 28 2959 Jun 27 10:05:42 4122 11867 P 1.0817 0.8254 65.4N 153.5W 0 341
66 29 2977 Jul 07 16:38:50 4254 12090 P 1.1677 0.6768 64.5N 99.0E 0 332
67 30 2995 Jul 18 23:11:40 4388 12313 P 1.2531 0.5297 63.7N 8.1W 0 322
68 31 3013 Jul 30 05:41:19 4524 12536 P 1.3404 0.3798 62.9N 114.2W 0 314
69 32 3031 Aug 10 12:12:15 4663 12759 P 1.4257 0.2339 62.3N 139.7E 0 305
70 33 3049 Aug 20 18:43:31 4803 12982 Pe 1.5098 0.0906 61.8N 33.6E 0 296
[1] The Moon's orbit is inclined about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit around the Sun. The points where the lunar orbit intersects the plane of Earth's orbit are known as the nodes. The Moon moves from south to north of Earth's orbit at the ascending node, and from north to south at the descending node.
[2]Central solar eclipses are eclipses in which the central axis of the Moon's shadow strikes the Earth's surface. All partial (penumbral) eclipses are non-central eclipses since the shadow axis misses Earth. However, umbral eclipses (total, annular and hybrid) may be either central (usually) or non-central (rarely).
[3]Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular/total eclipses. Such an eclipse is both total and annular along different sections of its umbral path. For more information, see Five Millennium Catalog of Hybrid Solar Eclipses .
[4]Greatest eclipse is defined as the instant when the axis of the Moon's shadow passes closest to the Earth's center. For total eclipses, the instant of greatest eclipse is virtually identical to the instants of greatest magnitude and greatest duration. However, for annular eclipses, the instant of greatest duration may occur at either the time of greatest eclipse or near the sunrise and sunset points of the eclipse path.
The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates. The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions ). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..
The coordinates of the Sun used in these predictions are based on the VSOP87 theory [Bretagnon and Francou, 1988]. The Moon's coordinates are based on the ELP-2000/82 theory [Chapront-Touze and Chapront, 1983]. For more information, see: Solar and Lunar Ephemerides. The revised value used for the Moon's secular acceleration is n-dot = -25.858 arc-sec/cy*cy, as deduced from the Apollo lunar laser ranging experiment (Chapront, Chapront-Touze, and Francou, 2002).
The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:
A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -1999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.
Special thanks to Dan McGlaun for extracting the individual eclipse maps from the Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 for use in this catalog and for preparing the Saros series animations from these maps.
The Besselian elements used in the predictions were kindly provided by Jean Meeus. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Some of the information presented on this web site is based on data originally published in Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000
Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by an acknowledgment:
"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC)"
