Agricultural Exchange Rate Data Set

Agricultural Exchange Rate Data Set Country and Currency Coverage Commodity Coverage Questions and Answers Example of Trade-Weighted Exchange Rate

Overview

The ERS data set contains annual and monthly data for exchange rates important to U.S. agriculture. It includes both nominal and real exchange rates for 79 countries, plus the European Union (EU), as well as real trade-weighted exchange rate indexes for many commodities and aggregations. All series are updated every other month. Data series start at the beginning of 1970 and run to the last available data point, which is typically 2 months behind the current date.

Feature

The Agriculture Baseline Briefing Room provides analysis of USDA's long-term projections for U.S. and global agriculture.

Questions and Answers

Frequently asked questions about the agricultural exchange rate data set.

Data Files

The data set is divided into country and commodity Excel spreadsheets. Exchange rates are expressed in foreign currency per U.S. dollar.

Country Spreadsheets

• Nominal Monthly Country Exchange Rates presents nominal exchange rates for 79 countries and EU members using the Euro beginning in 1970.
• Real Monthly Country Exchange Rates converts nominal monthly exchange rates into real values using consumer price index deflators.
• Nominal Annual Country Exchange Rates are based on the nominal monthly series for 79 countries and EU members using the Euro.
• Real Annual Country Exchange Rates are based on the monthly real exchange rates, on a 2005 base.

Commodity Spreadsheets

The commodity trade-weighted exchange rates are divided into three component sets of weights based on: U.S. exports, other countries' agricultural exports to the world, and countries which export agricultural products to the United States.

• Real Monthly Commodity Exchange Rates provides trade-weighted exchange rate indexes for 59 commodities and aggregations. Click here for an example of how commodity trade-weighted exchange rates are derived.
• Real Annual Commodity Exchange Rates provides annual average trade-weighted exchange rate indexes for the 59 monthly commodity indexes.

Exchange Rate Weights

Weights are average dollar shares of U.S. exports, other countries' exports to the world, and U.S. imports for the relevant commodity or commodity aggregation between 2003-05.

• Exchange Rate Weights includes annual average trade-weighted exchange rate indexes for the 59 monthly commodity indexes.

Release Date

The data are updated every other month around the middle of the month.

Data Set Revision

The Agricultural Exchange Rate Data Set was revised in June 2008. The revision involved two major components. First, the commodity categories for U.S. Suppliers was modified and expanded to better reflect the composition of U.S. agricultural imports. Second, the weights were revised from a 1998-2000 base to a 2003-05 base. The composition of trade has changed over time, as have the major importing and exporting countries. For example, the relative importance of Canada and Mexico to U.S. trade has increased, while that of Europe has decreased.

Related Data

Additional data that may be of interest...

• The Agricultural Baseline Database provides long-run, 10-year projections found in USDA's annual Baseline report. The database covers projections for major field crops (corn, sorghum, barley, oats, wheat, rice, soybeans, and upland cotton), and livestock (beef, pork, poultry and eggs, and dairy).
• The ERS International Macroeconomic Data Set contains international data on real gross domestic product, population, real exchange rates on a 2000 base, and other variables. Also contains historical data and projections.