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U.S. Department of Justice
Civil Rights Division
Special Litigation Section


Access to Reproductive Health Clinics and Places of Religious Worship

The Section has served a pivotal role in enforcing the Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act ("Access Act"), 18 U.S.C. § 248, to protect patients and health care providers against threats of force and physical obstruction of reproductive health facilities. The Department has filed more than 15 Access Act actions in more than a dozen states and there are ongoing investigations in other states. Section attorneys have obtained temporary restraining orders and preliminary and permanent injunctions under the Access Act and have won civil and criminal contempt motions for violations of these injunctions.

For example, the Section obtained a preliminary injunction against 35 defendants for blockading a reproductive health facility in a suburb of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In another case, the Section won preliminary and permanent injunctions prohibiting defendants from threatening a California reproductive health doctor and his wife. In addition, the Section secured a temporary restraining order and then a preliminary injunction prohibiting a defendant, who had threatened a doctor, from approaching the Ohio clinic. When the defendant violated the injunction, the Section was successful in obtaining criminal contempt. The Section won civil contempt and fines against another defendant based on violation of an injunction creating various buffer zones outside a Connecticut reproductive health care clinic. The Section also successfully defended against constitutional challenges to the Access Act.

Section attorneys work closely with the offices of the United States Attorneys and State Attorneys General by providing technical assistance and conducting joint Access Act prosecutions. In addition, the Section serves on the Attorney General's National Task Force on Violence Against Health Care Providers.

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Last updated October 20, 1999