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Contingent Valuation/Recreational Values
Updated
10/16/2008
This web site contains a collection of information for NRCS to use for
contingent valuation of recreational activities for watershed planning and other
NRCS economic purposes. The Unit Day Method is the most common method used for
calculating recreational benefits for NRCS usage, but it is based on 1962 data
which provided an average value of $1.00 per day, +/- some quality differences.
That 1962 value was indexed to the 1982 values used in P&G by CPI, and these
values should be in-turn be indexed to current values by current CPI. This
method can be used for insignificant recreational calculations for watershed
analysis, but economists should note that the values obtained are highly
conservative, averaging perhaps 20% of the current values from actual Recreational
Economics studies using other methods. If the recreational benefits have any potential for affecting the
selection of the NED or Recommended Plans, economists are highly advised to
adopt applicable contingent valuation or travel costs methods. While the
cost and time requirements of obtaining actual survey data on specific proposed
NRCS projects is often prohibitive, NRCS economists are encouraged to use the
benefit transfer method
developed by the US Forest Service.
This
Benefit Transfer method was updated in October 2005, and
the
database was updated to 1,200 values.
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The 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation
has surveyed usage and expenditures for these activities. This is the most
common basis for computing RED regional sales based on recreation.
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Wildlife Watching in the U.S.: The Economic Impacts on National and State
Economies in 2006
Addendum to the 2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and
Wildlife-Associated Recreation. Report 2006-1 (PDF, 750kb)
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The Economic Value of
Iowa’s Natural Resources
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West Tarkio Creek Watershed Plan | Iowa NRCS
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Recreation
Evaluation of the Multiple Purpose Reservoir for East Locus Creek Watershed,
MO completed by
Lauren Cartwright, MO. (DOC, 177kb)
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New Comparison Study of
1200 Recreational Studies by the Forest Service that has US
and Regional Average User Day Values by type of activity ((XLS, 1.47 MB). These values can be
used for computing NED Regional Economic Benefits. It was used as the database for the 2005 study,
Updated Outdoor Recreation Use Values on National Forests
and Other Public Lands. (PDF, 500kb
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CECW-CP
USACE Economics Guidance Memorandum, 06-03, Unit Day Values for Recreation,
FY2006 (PDF, 440kb)
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USACE
NED Procedures Manual, Volume I, Recreation Use and Benefit Estimation
Techniques, March, 1986 (PDF, 10mb)
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A
spreadsheet for calculating
the updated points for the unit day values. (XLS, 18kb)
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Benefits Transfer and Valuation Databases: Are We Heading in the Right
Direction? a workshop jointly sponsored by the U.S. EPA's National
Center for Environmental Economics and Environment Canada.
- Water
Quality Economic
and Trout
Fishing
Evaluation for
Braddock Run, Maryland.
A study by John, Long, NRCS, using Willingness to Pay and Travel Cost Estimates
to estimate benefits for a PL-566 project. (PDF, 64kb)
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Older Comparison Study of 700 Recreational Studies by the Forest Service that has US
and Regional Average User Day Values by type of activity (0.99 MB). These values can be
used for computing NED Regional Economic Benefits. It was used as the database
for the 2001 study, Benefit Transfer of Outdoor Recreation Use Values: a
Technical Document Supporting the Forest Service Strategic Plan (2000 Revision).
General Technical Report
RMRS-GTR-72. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 59p.
- Social and Economic
Values in Natural Resource Planning, USFS
- A Bibliography Related to Recreation Fees on Public Land compiled by
Daniel W. McCollum and Annette Puttkammer, USFS
- Southwick Associates have made
information on the economic contributions of hunting on a state-by-state
basis available free. The research is based on expenditure data from
USFWS National Survey (see above). Go to the "Free Reports" section and
select the 2001 report titled "U.S. - 2001 Economic Impacts of Hunting".
They continually have additional tables and reports coming out.
- http://www.ecosystemvaluation.org/,
Essentials of Ecosystem
Valuation
- Economic Valuation of Natural Resources: A Guidebook for Coastal Resources
Policymakers
Lakeshore Property Values and Water Quality:
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Evidence
from property sales in the Mississippi Headwaters Region
(PDF, 1.68 MB)
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A
spreadsheet for calculating
the updated points for the unit day values. (XLS, 18.5 KB)
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These
calculations are based on Principles and Guidelines for Water Resource Projects,
Appendix 3 to Section Vlll, Pages 83-85. (PDF, 1.18 MB)
- For reference usage, also note the NRCS
National Watershed Manual, and the NRCS
National Economic Handbooks:
Part 611 NRCS National Water Resources Handbook for Economics
(PDF, 855 KB)
Part 612 NRCS National Resource Economics Handbook, Water Quality
(PDF, 4.48 MB)
The US Army Corps of Engineers has
a number of survey studies of actual camper, boater, hunter, and visitor
expenditures at and around parks, campgrounds, and lakes.
Corps recreation expenditures studies (survey results):
Other recreation expenditure related websites
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