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This table provides the language codes (and translations) used by MEDLINE/PubMed (including OLDMEDLINE). Language codes and translations are taken from the MARC Code List for Languages prepared by the Library of Congress Network Development and MARC Standards Office.
Language Abbreviation |
Language |
---|---|
afr | Afrikaans |
alb | Albanian |
amh* | Amharic |
ara | Arabic |
arm | Armenian |
aze** | Azerbaijani |
ben* | Bengali |
bos | Bosnian |
bul | Bulgarian |
cat | Catalan |
chi | Chinese |
cze | Czech |
dan | Danish |
dut | Dutch |
eng | English |
epo | Esperanto |
est | Estonian |
fin | Finnish |
fre | French |
geo | Georgian |
ger | German |
gla | Scottish Gaelic |
gre | Greek, Modern |
heb | Hebrew |
hin | Hindi |
hun | Hungarian |
ice | Icelandic |
ind | Indonesian |
ita | Italian |
jpn | Japanese |
kin | Kinyarwanda |
kor | Korean |
lat | Latin |
lav | Latvian |
lit | Lithuanian |
mac | Macedonian |
mal** | Malayalam |
mao | Maori |
may | Malay |
mul | Multiple languages |
nor | Norwegian |
per | Persian |
pol | Polish |
por | Portuguese |
pus** | Pushto |
rum | Romanian, Rumanian |
rus | Russian |
san | Sanskrit |
scc | Serbian |
scr | Croatian |
slo | Slovak |
slv | Slovenian |
spa | Spanish |
swe | Swedish |
tha | Thai |
tur | Turkish |
ukr | Ukrainian |
und | Undetermined |
urd* | Urdu |
vie** | Vietnamese |
wel* | Welsh |
* Does not occur on any distributed citations yet.
** OLDMEDLINE only.
Last reviewed: 17 April 2008
Last updated: 09 November 2006
First published: 01 January 2002
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