NSSL Briefings
PACJET provides real-time telemetry of P-3 observations to NWS forecasters

Reflectivity as seen by the P-3 lower fuselage radar

Annotated plan-view reflectivity image from the P-3's lower fuselage radar as transmitted to NWS forecasters on 19 February 2001.

As highlighted in the previous issue of NSSL Briefings, the PACific landfalling JETs experiment (PACJET) was successfully conducted along and offshore of the West Coast of the U.S. during January-March 2001. One of PACJET's primary objectives was to improve short-term forecasts and warnings of life-threatening floods and severe windstorms produced by landfalling Pacific winter storms, which routinely originate well beyond the reach of NOAA's coastal observing network. Scientists from NSSL worked closely with NOAA's Environmental Technology Laboratory and the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) personnel to plan and conduct 17 highly productive P-3 aircraft missions during PACJET. Both P-3 dropsonde data and flight-level observations were transmitted to the National Weather Service for direct assimilation into NCEP's operational model suite. A groundbreaking aspect of PACJET was the real-time telemetry (via a satellite communications system called INMARSAT) of the P-3's conventional and Doppler radar imagery for examination by NWS forecasters across the Western Region. These radar images, which require specialized interpretation, were annotated by NSSL and NPS scientists for efficient examination by NWS forecasters. The images were captured on board the P-3 with a television frame grabber, converted to gif format, annotated, and sent out as a e-mail attachments to the PACJET operations center Web site, where they were posted for viewing using standard web browser technology. On at least one occasion, the P-3 radar imagery and associated discussions triggered issuance of an advisory for waterspouts and rapidly deteriorating marine weather conditions as a severe cold frontal rainband swept toward the populous California coast. Analysis of PACJET data is ongoing. Further details on the PACJET dataset and related accomplishments and plans are available at http://www.etl.noaa.gov/programs/pacjet/.   By Brad Smull and Dave Jorgensen

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