Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 04-996 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ Establishment data: 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT), Media contact: 691-5902 Friday, June 4, 2004. THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MAY 2004 Nonfarm payroll employment rose by 248,000 in May, and the unemployment rate was unchanged at 5.6 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The May increase in payroll employment follows gains of 346,000 in April and 353,000 in March (as revised). Job growth in May again was widespread, as increases continued in construction, manufacturing, and several service-providing industries. Unemployment (Household Survey Data) The number of unemployed persons was essentially unchanged at 8.2 million in May, and the unemployment rate held at 5.6 percent. The unemployment rate has been either 5.6 or 5.7 percent in each month since December 2003. The unemployment rates for the major worker groups--adult men (5.2 percent), adult women (4.8 percent), teenagers (17.2 percent), whites (5.0 percent), blacks (9.9 percent), and Hispanics or Latinos (7.0 percent)--were little changed in May. The unemployment rate for Asians was 4.2 percent, not seasonally ad- justed. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) Total employment was 138.8 million in May, and the employment-population ratio--the proportion of the population age 16 and over with jobs--remained at 62.2 percent. The civilian labor force participation rate was 65.9 per- cent for the fourth consecutive month. (See table A-1.) Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) The number of persons who were marginally attached to the labor force was 1.5 million in May, about the same as a year earlier. (Data are not season- ally adjusted.) These individuals wanted and were available to work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed, however, because they did not actively search for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. There were 476,000 discouraged workers in May, also about the same as a year earlier. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for them. The other 1.1 million margin- ally attached had not searched for work for reasons such as school or family responsibilities. (See table A-13.) - 2 - Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) ______________________________________________________________________________ | Quarterly | | | averages | Monthly data | |_________________|__________________________| Apr.- Category | 2003 | 2004 1/| 2004 | May |________|________|__________________________|change | IV | I | Mar. | Apr. | May | _________________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______ HOUSEHOLD DATA | Labor force status |____________________________________________________ Civilian labor force.....| 146,986| 146,661| 146,650| 146,741| 146,974| 233 Employment.............| 138,369| 138,388| 138,298| 138,576| 138,772| 196 Unemployment...........| 8,616| 8,273| 8,352| 8,164| 8,203| 39 Not in labor force.......| 75,290| 75,695| 75,900| 76,016| 75,993| -23 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Unemployment rates |____________________________________________________ All workers..............| 5.9| 5.6| 5.7| 5.6| 5.6| 0.0 Adult men..............| 5.5| 5.1| 5.2| 5.0| 5.2| .2 Adult women............| 5.1| 5.0| 5.1| 5.0| 4.8| -.2 Teenagers..............| 16.3| 16.6| 16.5| 16.9| 17.2| .3 White..................| 5.1| 5.0| 5.1| 4.9| 5.0| .1 Black or African | | | | | | American.............| 10.7| 10.1| 10.2| 9.7| 9.9| .2 Hispanic or Latino | | | | | | ethnicity............| 7.1| 7.4| 7.4| 7.2| 7.0| -.2 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ ESTABLISHMENT DATA | Employment |____________________________________________________ Nonfarm employment.......| 130,002| 130,367| 130,630|p130,976|p131,224| p248 Goods-producing 2/.....| 21,676| 21,719| 21,778| p21,830| p21,902| p72 Construction.........| 6,766| 6,819| 6,853| p6,872| p6,909| p37 Manufacturing........| 14,340| 14,326| 14,344| p14,373| p14,405| p32 Service-providing 2/...| 108,326| 108,648| 108,852|p109,146|p109,322| p176 Retail trade.........| 14,915| 14,974| 15,013| p15,041| p15,060| p19 Professional and | | | | | | business services..| 16,114| 16,202| 16,237| p16,367| p16,431| p64 Education and health | | | | | | services...........| 16,705| 16,774| 16,813| p16,852| p16,896| p44 Leisure and | | | | | | hospitality........| 12,172| 12,239| 12,271| p12,313| p12,353| p40 Government...........| 21,549| 21,540| 21,553| p21,574| p21,547| p-27 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Hours of work 3/ |____________________________________________________ Total private............| 33.7| 33.8| 33.8| p33.8| p33.8| p0.0 Manufacturing..........| 40.6| 41.0| 40.9| p40.7| p41.1| p.4 Overtime.............| 4.4| 4.6| 4.6| p4.6| p4.7| p.1 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3/ |____________________________________________________ Total private............| 98.7| 99.3| 99.5| p99.9| p100.2| p0.3 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Earnings 3/ |____________________________________________________ Avg. hourly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| $15.45| $15.52| $15.55| p$15.59| p$15.64| p$0.05 Avg. weekly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| 520.55| 524.58| 525.59| p526.94| p528.63| p1.69 _________________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______ 1 Beginning in January 2004, household data reflect revised population controls used in the Current Population Survey. 2 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 3 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers. p=preliminary. - 3 - Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 248,000 in May to 131.2 million, seasonally adjusted. Since its recent low in August 2003, payroll employment has risen by 1.4 million; 947,000 of this increase occurred over the last 3 months. Job growth was widespread in May, with gains continuing in construc- tion, manufacturing, and several service-providing industries. (See table B-1.) In May, construction employment increased by 37,000, with most of the gain occurring in specialty trade contracting and the construction of buildings. Since March 2003, the construction industry has added about a quarter-million jobs. Manufacturing employment grew by 32,000 in May. Since January, manufactur- ing as added 91,000 jobs, mostly in its durable goods component. In May, em- ployment rose in three construction-related manufacturing industries: fabri- cated metal products, wood products, and nonmetallic mineral products (such as concrete and cement). Employment also increased in computer and electronic products. Mining employment continued to rise in May. Since January, the industry has added 18,000 jobs. In the service-providing sector, professional and business services added 64,000 jobs in May. Employment in temporary help services continued to rise (31,000) and has grown by 299,000 (or 14 percent) since April 2003. Strong employment increases in health care and social assistance continued in May with a gain of 36,000. Over the year, this industry has added 274,000 jobs. Hospitals and ambulatory health care services, such as outpatient care centers, accounted for two-thirds of May's employment gain. Within the leisure and hospitality industry, food services added 33,000 jobs over the month. Since the beginning of the year, employment in food services has increased by an average of 32,000 a month, more than double the average monthly increase in 2003. Employment in financial activities rose by 15,000 in May, reflecting con- tinued increases in real estate and in credit intermediation. Retail employ- ment continued to trend upward in May; over the year, the industry has added 142,000 jobs. Within retail trade, employment edged up in May in building material and garden supply stores, food and beverage stores, and clothing stores. Wholesale trade employment also edged up in May; the industry has added 55,000 jobs since October 2003. In the information sector, telecommunications employment was down by 5,000 in May. Since its peak in March 2001, the telecommunications industry has shed 283,000 jobs, a fifth of its total. - 4 - Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data) The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged in May at 33.8 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek increased by 0.4 hour to 41.1 hours, more than offset- ting declines in March and April. Manufacturing overtime edged up by 0.1 hour to 4.7 hours in May. (See table B-2.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.3 percent in May to 100.2 (2002=100). The manufacturing index was up by 1.3 percent over the month to 95.5. (See table B-5.) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 5 cents in May to $15.64, seasonally adjusted. Aver- age weekly earnings were up by 0.3 percent over the month to $528.63. Over the year, average hourly earnings grew by 2.2 percent, and average weekly earn- ings increased by 2.5 percent. (See table B-3.) ______________________________ The Employment Situation for June 2004 is scheduled to be released on Friday, July 2, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT). - 5 - Explanatory Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses and government agencies covering ap- proximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. - 6 - Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as Federal, State, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity. - 7 - Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most super- sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating in- dependently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by di- rectly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to ad- just only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus 290,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -190,000 to 390,000 (100,000 +/- 290,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment rate of around 4 percent, the 90-percent con- fidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 270,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly estimates. - 8 - The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component uses business deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of busi- ness, but imputing to them the same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was de- rived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent, ranging from zero to 0.7 percent. Additional statistics and other information More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or Visa. Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the household and establishment survey data published in this release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its "Explanatory Notes." For the establish- ment survey data, the sampling error measures and the actual size of re- visions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables 2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 220,768 222,757 222,967 220,768 222,161 222,357 222,550 222,757 222,967 Civilian labor force............................ 146,067 146,260 146,659 146,462 146,863 146,471 146,650 146,741 146,974 Participation rate........................ 66.2 65.7 65.8 66.3 66.1 65.9 65.9 65.9 65.9 Employed...................................... 137,567 138,423 138,867 137,505 138,566 138,301 138,298 138,576 138,772 Employment-population ratio............... 62.3 62.1 62.3 62.3 62.4 62.2 62.1 62.2 62.2 Unemployed.................................... 8,500 7,837 7,792 8,957 8,297 8,170 8,352 8,164 8,203 Unemployment rate......................... 5.8 5.4 5.3 6.1 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.6 Not in labor force.............................. 74,701 76,497 76,308 74,306 75,298 75,886 75,900 76,016 75,993 Persons who currently want a job.............. 5,482 4,598 5,371 4,727 4,747 4,746 4,843 4,744 4,656 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 106,238 107,392 107,504 106,238 107,072 107,177 107,281 107,392 107,504 Civilian labor force............................ 77,870 78,147 78,381 78,121 78,823 78,337 78,542 78,501 78,600 Participation rate........................ 73.3 72.8 72.9 73.5 73.6 73.1 73.2 73.1 73.1 Employed...................................... 73,131 73,774 74,089 73,049 74,343 73,901 74,006 74,053 74,035 Employment-population ratio............... 68.8 68.7 68.9 68.8 69.4 69.0 69.0 69.0 68.9 Unemployed.................................... 4,739 4,373 4,292 5,072 4,480 4,436 4,536 4,448 4,566 Unemployment rate......................... 6.1 5.6 5.5 6.5 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.8 Not in labor force.............................. 28,367 29,244 29,123 28,117 28,249 28,840 28,739 28,891 28,904 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 98,083 99,170 99,279 98,083 98,866 98,966 99,065 99,170 99,279 Civilian labor force............................ 74,410 74,806 74,965 74,523 75,171 74,797 75,018 74,871 75,048 Participation rate........................ 75.9 75.4 75.5 76.0 76.0 75.6 75.7 75.5 75.6 Employed...................................... 70,338 71,060 71,306 70,182 71,329 70,969 71,128 71,118 71,162 Employment-population ratio............... 71.7 71.7 71.8 71.6 72.1 71.7 71.8 71.7 71.7 Unemployed.................................... 4,072 3,746 3,659 4,341 3,842 3,828 3,890 3,753 3,886 Unemployment rate......................... 5.5 5.0 4.9 5.8 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.0 5.2 Not in labor force.............................. 23,674 24,364 24,314 23,560 23,694 24,168 24,047 24,299 24,231 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 114,531 115,365 115,463 114,531 115,089 115,180 115,269 115,365 115,463 Civilian labor force............................ 68,197 68,112 68,278 68,342 68,040 68,134 68,108 68,240 68,374 Participation rate........................ 59.5 59.0 59.1 59.7 59.1 59.2 59.1 59.2 59.2 Employed...................................... 64,436 64,649 64,778 64,456 64,223 64,400 64,292 64,523 64,737 Employment-population ratio............... 56.3 56.0 56.1 56.3 55.8 55.9 55.8 55.9 56.1 Unemployed.................................... 3,761 3,464 3,500 3,885 3,817 3,734 3,816 3,717 3,637 Unemployment rate......................... 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.3 Not in labor force.............................. 46,334 47,253 47,185 46,189 47,050 47,046 47,161 47,126 47,089 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 106,613 107,389 107,483 106,613 107,131 107,216 107,299 107,389 107,483 Civilian labor force............................ 64,678 64,853 64,807 64,699 64,515 64,629 64,687 64,785 64,813 Participation rate........................ 60.7 60.4 60.3 60.7 60.2 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.3 Employed...................................... 61,507 61,841 61,872 61,397 61,260 61,456 61,373 61,571 61,721 Employment-population ratio............... 57.7 57.6 57.6 57.6 57.2 57.3 57.2 57.3 57.4 Unemployed.................................... 3,170 3,012 2,935 3,302 3,255 3,172 3,314 3,215 3,092 Unemployment rate......................... 4.9 4.6 4.5 5.1 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.0 4.8 Not in labor force.............................. 41,935 42,536 42,676 41,914 42,617 42,587 42,613 42,604 42,670 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 16,072 16,198 16,205 16,072 16,164 16,175 16,186 16,198 16,205 Civilian labor force............................ 6,979 6,600 6,888 7,240 7,177 7,045 6,945 7,085 7,113 Participation rate........................ 43.4 40.7 42.5 45.0 44.4 43.6 42.9 43.7 43.9 Employed...................................... 5,722 5,522 5,690 5,926 5,977 5,875 5,797 5,888 5,888 Employment-population ratio............... 35.6 34.1 35.1 36.9 37.0 36.3 35.8 36.3 36.3 Unemployed.................................... 1,257 1,078 1,198 1,314 1,200 1,170 1,148 1,197 1,225 Unemployment rate......................... 18.0 16.3 17.4 18.1 16.7 16.6 16.5 16.9 17.2 Not in labor force.............................. 9,092 9,597 9,317 8,832 8,987 9,130 9,240 9,113 9,092 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, race, sex, and age May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 181,021 182,252 182,384 181,021 181,879 182,001 182,121 182,252 182,384 Civilian labor force............................ 120,135 120,317 120,703 120,470 120,723 120,540 120,542 120,675 120,984 Participation rate.......................... 66.4 66.0 66.2 66.6 66.4 66.2 66.2 66.2 66.3 Employed...................................... 114,016 114,557 115,049 113,978 114,765 114,602 114,433 114,712 114,976 Employment-population ratio................. 63.0 62.9 63.1 63.0 63.1 63.0 62.8 62.9 63.0 Unemployed.................................... 6,119 5,760 5,654 6,491 5,958 5,938 6,109 5,963 6,008 Unemployment rate........................... 5.1 4.8 4.7 5.4 4.9 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.0 Not in labor force.............................. 60,886 61,935 61,681 60,551 61,156 61,460 61,579 61,577 61,400 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 62,271 62,620 62,698 62,346 62,799 62,603 62,672 62,660 62,758 Participation rate.......................... 76.2 76.0 76.0 76.3 76.4 76.1 76.1 76.0 76.1 Employed...................................... 59,288 59,787 59,957 59,130 59,969 59,763 59,736 59,831 59,817 Employment-population ratio................. 72.5 72.6 72.7 72.4 73.0 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.5 Unemployed.................................... 2,982 2,833 2,741 3,216 2,830 2,840 2,936 2,829 2,941 Unemployment rate........................... 4.8 4.5 4.4 5.2 4.5 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.7 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 52,074 52,097 52,216 52,139 51,954 51,993 52,016 52,035 52,245 Participation rate.......................... 60.0 59.7 59.8 60.1 59.6 59.7 59.6 59.6 59.8 Employed...................................... 49,829 50,020 50,210 49,781 49,668 49,797 49,710 49,839 50,116 Employment-population ratio................. 57.4 57.3 57.5 57.4 57.0 57.1 57.0 57.1 57.4 Unemployed.................................... 2,245 2,077 2,006 2,358 2,286 2,197 2,306 2,196 2,130 Unemployment rate........................... 4.3 4.0 3.8 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.2 4.1 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 5,791 5,600 5,789 5,985 5,970 5,944 5,854 5,981 5,981 Participation rate.......................... 46.3 44.5 46.0 47.8 47.5 47.3 46.5 47.5 47.5 Employed...................................... 4,899 4,749 4,882 5,068 5,128 5,042 4,987 5,042 5,043 Employment-population ratio................. 39.2 37.7 38.8 40.5 40.8 40.1 39.6 40.0 40.0 Unemployed.................................... 892 851 907 917 842 902 867 939 938 Unemployment rate........................... 15.4 15.2 15.7 15.3 14.1 15.2 14.8 15.7 15.7 BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 25,624 25,967 26,002 25,624 25,867 25,900 25,932 25,967 26,002 Civilian labor force............................ 16,559 16,374 16,374 16,614 16,602 16,404 16,595 16,485 16,442 Participation rate.......................... 64.6 63.1 63.0 64.8 64.2 63.3 64.0 63.5 63.2 Employed...................................... 14,817 14,856 14,797 14,838 14,866 14,804 14,909 14,878 14,818 Employment-population ratio................. 57.8 57.2 56.9 57.9 57.5 57.2 57.5 57.3 57.0 Unemployed.................................... 1,742 1,518 1,577 1,776 1,736 1,600 1,686 1,607 1,624 Unemployment rate........................... 10.5 9.3 9.6 10.7 10.5 9.8 10.2 9.7 9.9 Not in labor force.............................. 9,066 9,593 9,629 9,011 9,265 9,495 9,337 9,482 9,560 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,305 7,256 7,311 7,349 7,450 7,305 7,367 7,302 7,356 Participation rate.......................... 71.3 69.7 70.1 71.7 71.8 70.3 70.8 70.1 70.5 Employed...................................... 6,532 6,602 6,661 6,541 6,737 6,620 6,689 6,626 6,674 Employment-population ratio................. 63.7 63.4 63.8 63.8 65.0 63.7 64.3 63.6 64.0 Unemployed.................................... 773 654 650 808 713 684 678 676 683 Unemployment rate........................... 10.6 9.0 8.9 11.0 9.6 9.4 9.2 9.3 9.3 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 8,482 8,512 8,349 8,463 8,358 8,418 8,492 8,502 8,342 Participation rate.......................... 65.3 64.8 63.5 65.1 63.8 64.2 64.7 64.7 63.4 Employed...................................... 7,784 7,809 7,648 7,783 7,595 7,674 7,700 7,763 7,642 Employment-population ratio................. 59.9 59.4 58.1 59.9 58.0 58.5 58.7 59.1 58.1 Unemployed.................................... 698 703 701 680 762 745 792 739 700 Unemployment rate........................... 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.0 9.1 8.8 9.3 8.7 8.4 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 771 606 714 802 794 682 737 681 744 Participation rate.......................... 32.5 25.1 29.6 33.7 33.1 28.3 30.6 28.2 30.8 Employed...................................... 501 445 488 514 533 510 521 489 502 Employment-population ratio................. 21.1 18.4 20.2 21.6 22.2 21.2 21.6 20.3 20.8 Unemployed.................................... 270 161 226 287 261 171 217 193 242 Unemployment rate........................... 35.1 26.6 31.7 35.8 32.9 25.1 29.4 28.3 32.5 ASIAN Civilian noninstutional population................ 9,204 9,444 9,486 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Civilian labor force............................ 6,081 6,230 6,188 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 66.1 66.0 65.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 5,768 5,956 5,926 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 62.7 63.1 62.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 313 274 262 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 5.1 4.4 4.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Not in labor force.............................. 3,123 3,214 3,299 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 27,391 27,879 27,968 27,391 27,619 27,705 27,791 27,879 27,968 Civilian labor force............................ 18,667 19,080 19,254 18,763 18,811 18,693 19,010 19,064 19,313 Participation rate.......................... 68.1 68.4 68.8 68.5 68.1 67.5 68.4 68.4 69.1 Employed...................................... 17,288 17,798 18,037 17,247 17,441 17,303 17,596 17,693 17,958 Employment-population ratio................. 63.1 63.8 64.5 63.0 63.2 62.5 63.3 63.5 64.2 Unemployed.................................... 1,378 1,283 1,217 1,516 1,370 1,389 1,414 1,371 1,355 Unemployment rate........................... 7.4 6.7 6.3 8.1 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.2 7.0 Not in labor force.............................. 8,725 8,798 8,714 8,628 8,807 9,012 8,781 8,815 8,654 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 10,694 10,963 11,022 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 84.1 84.5 84.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 10,007 10,304 10,423 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 78.7 79.5 80.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 687 658 599 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 6.4 6.0 5.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,031 7,242 7,308 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 57.9 58.8 59.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 6,493 6,780 6,872 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 53.5 55.0 55.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 539 462 436 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 7.7 6.4 6.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 942 876 924 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 37.2 33.8 35.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 788 714 742 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 31.1 27.5 28.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 153 162 182 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 16.3 18.5 19.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Educational attainment May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force...................... 12,954 12,258 12,497 12,664 12,356 12,526 12,390 12,019 12,212 Participation rate.................... 45.6 45.1 45.6 44.6 44.3 45.4 45.1 44.2 44.5 Employed................................ 11,914 11,271 11,522 11,514 11,271 11,455 11,302 10,977 11,140 Employment-population ratio........... 41.9 41.5 42.0 40.5 40.4 41.5 41.1 40.4 40.6 Unemployed.............................. 1,040 987 975 1,150 1,085 1,071 1,088 1,042 1,072 Unemployment rate..................... 8.0 8.1 7.8 9.1 8.8 8.5 8.8 8.7 8.8 High school graduates, no college (1) Civilian labor force...................... 37,774 37,627 37,799 37,889 37,662 37,898 37,749 37,724 37,870 Participation rate.................... 63.8 62.6 62.9 64.0 63.0 63.3 63.2 62.8 63.0 Employed................................ 35,836 35,651 36,042 35,798 35,829 35,998 35,765 35,745 35,964 Employment-population ratio........... 60.5 59.3 60.0 60.5 59.9 60.1 59.9 59.5 59.9 Unemployed.............................. 1,938 1,976 1,757 2,091 1,832 1,900 1,984 1,979 1,906 Unemployment rate..................... 5.1 5.3 4.6 5.5 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.2 5.0 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force...................... 33,668 34,446 34,191 34,136 33,810 34,026 34,354 34,580 34,575 Participation rate.................... 72.5 72.8 72.3 73.5 72.5 72.1 72.8 73.0 73.1 Employed................................ 32,107 33,051 32,898 32,480 32,276 32,536 32,726 33,152 33,183 Employment-population ratio........... 69.1 69.8 69.5 69.9 69.2 68.9 69.3 70.0 70.2 Unemployed.............................. 1,561 1,394 1,293 1,656 1,535 1,489 1,628 1,428 1,392 Unemployment rate..................... 4.6 4.0 3.8 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.1 4.0 Bachelor's degree and higher (2) Civilian labor force...................... 39,801 40,359 40,252 39,575 40,450 39,917 40,371 40,185 40,104 Participation rate.................... 78.2 78.0 77.8 77.8 78.4 77.7 77.9 77.6 77.5 Employed................................ 38,678 39,265 39,168 38,356 39,277 38,748 39,197 39,006 38,927 Employment-population ratio........... 76.0 75.8 75.7 75.4 76.1 75.5 75.6 75.3 75.2 Unemployed.............................. 1,123 1,094 1,084 1,219 1,173 1,169 1,174 1,179 1,177 Unemployment rate..................... 2.8 2.7 2.7 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries....... 2,221 2,220 2,335 2,194 2,163 2,190 2,161 2,245 2,298 Wage and salary workers................ 1,222 1,252 1,299 1,205 1,220 1,246 1,234 1,268 1,277 Self-employed workers.................. 978 944 1,013 951 929 912 896 934 976 Unpaid family workers.................. 22 24 24 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Nonagricultural industries............... 135,346 136,203 136,532 135,311 136,306 136,166 136,122 136,384 136,488 Wage and salary workers................ 126,138 126,989 127,103 126,043 126,664 126,572 126,811 127,094 126,999 Government........................... 19,711 20,117 19,897 19,573 19,681 19,497 19,936 19,917 19,759 Private industries................... 106,428 106,872 107,206 106,519 107,019 107,008 106,833 107,142 107,256 Private households................. 732 727 683 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Other industries................... 105,696 106,145 106,523 105,738 106,204 106,173 106,035 106,377 106,514 Self-employed workers.................. 9,088 9,139 9,342 9,155 9,501 9,498 9,210 9,228 9,365 Unpaid family workers.................. 119 75 87 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME (2) All industries: Part time for economic reasons......... 4,409 4,411 4,427 4,610 4,714 4,437 4,733 4,574 4,665 Slack work or business conditions.... 2,915 2,745 2,673 3,069 2,996 2,865 3,011 2,819 2,853 Could only find part-time work....... 1,218 1,429 1,427 1,264 1,380 1,347 1,427 1,439 1,467 Part time for noneconomic reasons...... 19,363 19,568 20,015 19,073 18,905 18,900 19,006 19,000 19,621 Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons......... 4,298 4,325 4,370 4,498 4,613 4,328 4,622 4,471 4,605 Slack work or business conditions.... 2,849 2,687 2,631 3,012 2,911 2,778 2,927 2,756 2,812 Could only find part-time work....... 1,189 1,419 1,424 1,236 1,399 1,340 1,414 1,431 1,476 Part time for noneconomic reasons...... 19,004 19,263 19,680 18,653 18,636 18,691 18,693 18,664 19,220 1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Selected employment indicators (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Characteristic May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 Total, 16 years and over.......................... 137,567 138,423 138,867 137,505 138,566 138,301 138,298 138,576 138,772 16 to 19 years.................................. 5,722 5,522 5,690 5,926 5,977 5,875 5,797 5,888 5,888 16 to 17 years................................ 2,179 2,032 1,999 2,318 2,367 2,330 2,191 2,256 2,152 18 to 19 years................................ 3,543 3,490 3,692 3,578 3,605 3,573 3,590 3,634 3,713 20 years and over............................... 131,845 132,901 133,177 131,579 132,589 132,426 132,501 132,689 132,883 20 to 24 years................................ 13,310 13,662 13,547 13,445 13,609 13,582 13,602 13,767 13,669 25 years and over............................. 118,535 119,239 119,631 118,126 118,930 118,869 118,832 118,886 119,198 25 to 54 years.............................. 97,398 97,387 97,675 97,099 97,161 96,982 96,871 97,124 97,343 25 to 34 years............................ 30,459 30,376 30,494 30,389 30,326 30,178 30,260 30,316 30,396 35 to 44 years............................ 34,996 34,606 34,786 34,858 34,506 34,486 34,425 34,421 34,611 45 to 54 years............................ 31,943 32,406 32,395 31,853 32,328 32,319 32,186 32,388 32,336 55 years and over........................... 21,137 21,851 21,956 21,027 21,769 21,886 21,961 21,762 21,856 Men, 16 years and over............................ 73,131 73,774 74,089 73,049 74,343 73,901 74,006 74,053 74,035 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,793 2,714 2,784 2,867 3,014 2,931 2,878 2,935 2,873 16 to 17 years................................ 1,029 925 902 1,079 1,157 1,105 999 1,044 967 18 to 19 years................................ 1,764 1,789 1,881 1,779 1,862 1,850 1,858 1,886 1,897 20 years and over............................... 70,338 71,060 71,306 70,182 71,329 70,969 71,128 71,118 71,162 20 to 24 years................................ 7,019 7,171 7,110 7,069 7,198 7,155 7,202 7,235 7,165 25 years and over............................. 63,318 63,889 64,196 63,096 64,167 63,903 63,879 63,839 63,969 25 to 54 years.............................. 52,072 52,288 52,557 51,910 52,416 52,179 52,107 52,283 52,377 25 to 34 years............................ 16,711 16,693 16,831 16,655 16,773 16,608 16,693 16,685 16,758 35 to 44 years............................ 18,733 18,680 18,779 18,701 18,712 18,683 18,632 18,656 18,728 45 to 54 years............................ 16,628 16,915 16,947 16,554 16,931 16,889 16,781 16,942 16,890 55 years and over........................... 11,246 11,601 11,639 11,186 11,751 11,724 11,772 11,556 11,593 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 64,436 64,649 64,778 64,456 64,223 64,400 64,292 64,523 64,737 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,929 2,808 2,906 3,059 2,963 2,944 2,919 2,952 3,016 16 to 17 years................................ 1,150 1,106 1,096 1,239 1,210 1,225 1,192 1,212 1,185 18 to 19 years................................ 1,779 1,701 1,810 1,799 1,743 1,723 1,732 1,747 1,816 20 years and over............................... 61,507 61,841 61,872 61,397 61,260 61,456 61,373 61,571 61,721 20 to 24 years................................ 6,291 6,491 6,437 6,375 6,411 6,427 6,400 6,532 6,504 25 years and over............................. 55,217 55,350 55,435 55,031 54,763 54,966 54,953 55,047 55,229 25 to 54 years.............................. 45,326 45,100 45,118 45,190 44,745 44,803 44,764 44,841 44,966 25 to 34 years............................ 13,748 13,682 13,663 13,734 13,554 13,570 13,566 13,631 13,637 35 to 44 years............................ 16,263 15,926 16,007 16,157 15,794 15,803 15,793 15,765 15,883 45 to 54 years............................ 15,315 15,492 15,448 15,298 15,397 15,430 15,405 15,446 15,446 55 years and over........................... 9,891 10,250 10,317 9,841 10,018 10,162 10,189 10,205 10,263 Married men, spouse present....................... 44,545 44,637 44,754 44,476 45,490 45,128 45,043 44,735 44,723 Married women, spouse present..................... 34,496 34,488 34,504 34,494 34,585 34,502 34,256 34,339 34,522 Women who maintain families....................... 8,581 8,765 8,769 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Full-time workers (2)............................. 112,983 113,386 113,946 112,841 113,976 114,037 113,951 114,094 113,894 Part-time workers (3)............................. 24,584 25,037 24,921 24,580 24,306 24,081 24,273 24,397 24,820 1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons Unemployment rates (1) (in thousands) Characteristic May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 Total, 16 years and over.......................... 8,957 8,164 8,203 6.1 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.6 16 to 19 years.................................. 1,314 1,197 1,225 18.1 16.7 16.6 16.5 16.9 17.2 16 to 17 years................................ 536 573 593 18.8 18.2 17.6 19.4 20.2 21.6 18 to 19 years................................ 792 624 642 18.1 15.7 15.7 14.5 14.7 14.7 20 years and over............................... 7,643 6,967 6,978 5.5 5.1 5.0 5.2 5.0 5.0 20 to 24 years................................ 1,565 1,392 1,465 10.4 9.8 9.5 9.6 9.2 9.7 25 years and over............................. 6,095 5,578 5,510 4.9 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.4 25 to 54 years.............................. 5,132 4,679 4,625 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.9 4.6 4.5 25 to 34 years............................ 1,950 1,760 1,800 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.9 5.5 5.6 35 to 44 years............................ 1,828 1,597 1,522 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.7 4.4 4.2 45 to 54 years............................ 1,355 1,321 1,303 4.1 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.9 55 years and over........................... 959 851 891 4.4 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 Men, 16 years and over............................ 5,072 4,448 4,566 6.5 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.8 16 to 19 years.................................. 731 695 680 20.3 17.5 17.2 18.3 19.1 19.1 16 to 17 years................................ 295 319 294 21.5 19.3 19.4 22.3 23.4 23.3 18 to 19 years................................ 443 373 378 19.9 16.2 15.7 15.8 16.5 16.6 20 years and over............................... 4,341 3,753 3,886 5.8 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.0 5.2 20 to 24 years................................ 899 800 821 11.3 10.5 10.0 10.1 10.0 10.3 25 years and over............................. 3,456 2,947 3,064 5.2 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.6 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,906 2,477 2,563 5.3 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.7 25 to 34 years............................ 1,085 980 1,071 6.1 5.6 6.0 5.9 5.5 6.0 35 to 44 years............................ 1,023 817 801 5.2 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.2 4.1 45 to 54 years............................ 798 680 691 4.6 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.9 55 years and over........................... 550 470 501 4.7 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.1 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 3,885 3,717 3,637 5.7 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.3 16 to 19 years.................................. 583 502 545 16.0 15.9 16.0 14.7 14.5 15.3 16 to 17 years................................ 241 254 299 16.3 17.1 15.9 16.9 17.3 20.1 18 to 19 years................................ 350 251 264 16.3 15.2 15.6 13.0 12.6 12.7 20 years and over............................... 3,302 3,215 3,092 5.1 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.0 4.8 20 to 24 years................................ 666 592 644 9.5 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.3 9.0 25 years and over............................. 2,638 2,631 2,446 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.2 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,226 2,202 2,062 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.9 4.7 4.4 25 to 34 years............................ 865 781 729 5.9 5.9 5.2 5.9 5.4 5.1 35 to 44 years............................ 805 780 721 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.9 4.7 4.3 45 to 54 years............................ 556 641 612 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.0 3.8 55 years and over (2)....................... 368 349 351 3.6 4.1 3.9 3.5 3.3 3.3 Married men, spouse present....................... 1,791 1,445 1,437 3.9 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.1 Married women, spouse present..................... 1,334 1,322 1,185 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.3 Women who maintain families (2)................... 775 710 701 8.3 8.3 8.1 8.4 7.5 7.4 Full-time workers (3)............................. 7,521 6,775 6,880 6.2 5.7 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.7 Part-time workers (4)............................. 1,466 1,368 1,372 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.2 1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Reason May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs........................................... 4,589 4,253 3,778 5,021 4,382 4,323 4,607 4,399 4,211 On temporary layoff............................. 944 943 715 1,197 1,028 1,064 1,040 994 926 Not on temporary layoff......................... 3,645 3,311 3,062 3,824 3,353 3,258 3,567 3,405 3,286 Permanent job losers.......................... 2,829 2,560 2,354 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Persons who completed temporary jobs.......... 816 750 709 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Job leavers....................................... 706 796 772 778 804 827 836 822 846 Reentrants........................................ 2,587 2,199 2,537 2,506 2,509 2,424 2,424 2,314 2,438 New entrants...................................... 618 589 706 635 681 676 627 645 713 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs........................................... 54.0 54.3 48.5 56.2 52.3 52.4 54.2 53.8 51.3 On temporary layoff............................ 11.1 12.0 9.2 13.4 12.3 12.9 12.2 12.1 11.3 Not on temporary layoff........................ 42.9 42.2 39.3 42.8 40.0 39.5 42.0 41.6 40.0 Job leavers...................................... 8.3 10.2 9.9 8.7 9.6 10.0 9.8 10.1 10.3 Reentrants....................................... 30.4 28.1 32.6 28.0 30.0 29.4 28.5 28.3 29.7 New entrants..................................... 7.3 7.5 9.1 7.1 8.1 8.2 7.4 7.9 8.7 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs........................................... 3.1 2.9 2.6 3.4 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.9 Job leavers...................................... .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .6 .6 .6 .6 Reentrants....................................... 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 New entrants..................................... .4 .4 .5 .4 .5 .5 .4 .4 .5 1 Data not available. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Duration May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks................................. 2,974 2,439 2,718 3,033 2,612 2,468 2,589 2,792 2,707 5 to 14 weeks..................................... 2,155 2,159 1,940 2,617 2,394 2,412 2,414 2,369 2,376 15 weeks and over................................. 3,371 3,239 3,135 3,294 3,365 3,274 3,320 2,969 3,077 15 to 26 weeks................................. 1,467 1,363 1,357 1,380 1,467 1,403 1,332 1,170 1,288 27 weeks and over.............................. 1,905 1,876 1,777 1,914 1,898 1,871 1,988 1,800 1,789 Average (mean) duration, in weeks................. 19.6 21.0 20.3 19.2 19.8 20.3 20.1 19.7 20.0 Median duration, in weeks......................... 10.0 11.0 9.9 10.1 10.7 10.3 10.3 9.5 10.0 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than 5 weeks............................... 35.0 31.1 34.9 33.9 31.2 30.3 31.1 34.3 33.2 5 to 14 weeks................................... 25.4 27.5 24.9 29.3 28.6 29.6 29.0 29.1 29.1 15 weeks and over............................... 39.7 41.3 40.2 36.8 40.2 40.2 39.9 36.5 37.7 15 to 26 weeks................................ 17.3 17.4 17.4 15.4 17.5 17.2 16.0 14.4 15.8 27 weeks and over............................. 22.4 23.9 22.8 21.4 22.7 22.9 23.9 22.1 21.9 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Unemployment Employed Unemployed rates Occupation May May May May May May 2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004 Total, 16 years and over (1)................................ 137,567 138,867 8,500 7,792 5.8 5.3 Management, professional, and related occupations................ 48,041 48,610 1,475 1,378 3.0 2.8 Management, business, and financial operations occupations..... 20,067 20,219 612 620 3.0 3.0 Professional and related occupations........................... 27,974 28,391 864 758 3.0 2.6 Service occupations.............................................. 22,678 22,840 1,583 1,465 6.5 6.0 Sales and office occupations..................................... 35,115 35,162 2,106 1,851 5.7 5.0 Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,721 15,742 1,009 835 6.0 5.0 Office and administrative support occupations.................. 19,394 19,420 1,096 1,016 5.4 5.0 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations..... 13,862 14,336 1,122 1,002 7.5 6.5 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 968 1,012 140 95 12.6 8.6 Construction and extraction occupations........................ 7,967 8,285 722 697 8.3 7.8 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.............. 4,928 5,039 260 210 5.0 4.0 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations...... 17,871 17,919 1,575 1,359 8.1 7.0 Production occupations......................................... 9,644 9,351 811 689 7.8 6.9 Transportation and material moving occupations................. 8,228 8,568 764 670 8.5 7.2 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry, not seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed Unemployment persons rates Industry (in thousands) May May May May 2003 2004 2003 2004 Total, 16 years and over (1)............... 8,500 7,792 5.8 5.3 Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers... 7,000 6,234 6.2 5.5 Mining.......................................... 40 22 7.5 4.3 Construction.................................... 715 665 8.4 7.4 Manufacturing................................... 1,150 966 6.5 5.6 Durable goods................................. 755 550 6.9 5.2 Nondurable goods.............................. 395 416 5.9 6.2 Wholesale and retail trade...................... 1,247 1,183 6.2 5.8 Transportation and utilities.................... 260 230 4.9 4.4 Information..................................... 251 190 6.9 5.7 Financial activities............................ 320 302 3.6 3.3 Professional and business services.............. 1,105 819 8.4 6.5 Education and health services................... 618 570 3.5 3.2 Leisure and hospitality......................... 955 977 7.9 8.1 Other services.................................. 339 310 5.7 5.1 Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers........................................ 133 99 10.2 7.4 Government workers................................ 478 468 2.4 2.3 Self employed and unpaid family workers........... 271 287 2.6 2.7 1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization (Percent) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Measure May Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force................................. 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.1 U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force.................... 3.1 2.9 2.6 3.4 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.9 U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)....................... 5.8 5.4 5.3 6.1 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.6 U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers..... 6.1 5.7 5.6 6.4 5.9 5.9 6.0 5.9 5.9 U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers.................................................. 6.7 6.3 6.3 7.0 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.5 6.6 U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers......................................... 9.7 9.3 9.3 10.1 9.9 9.6 9.9 9.6 9.7 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Total Men Women Category May May May May May May 2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force...................................... 74,701 76,308 28,367 29,123 46,334 47,185 Persons who currently want a job................................ 5,482 5,371 2,570 2,462 2,911 2,909 Searched for work and available to work now (1)................ 1,428 1,533 755 786 673 747 Reason not currently looking: Discouragement over job prospects (2)................... 482 476 310 307 172 169 Reasons other than discouragement (3)................ 946 1,058 446 479 501 579 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders (4)..................................... 7,338 7,258 3,841 3,653 3,498 3,605 Percent of total employed..................................... 5.3 5.2 5.3 4.9 5.4 5.6 Primary job full time, secondary job part time................ 3,932 3,859 2,325 2,110 1,606 1,749 Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,630 1,649 533 513 1,097 1,136 Primary and secondary jobs both full time..................... 269 251 192 151 77 101 Hours vary on primary or secondary job........................ 1,464 1,483 772 872 692 611 1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as child-care and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May from: 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Apr. 2004- May 2004p Total nonfarm......... 130,520 129,816 130,975 131,914 129,873 130,194 130,277 130,630 130,976 131,224 248 Total private........... 108,537 107,847 108,997 109,963 108,332 108,667 108,738 109,077 109,402 109,677 275 Goods-producing............. 21,891 21,350 21,624 21,947 21,859 21,696 21,684 21,778 21,830 21,902 72 Natural resources and mining.... 568 566 574 586 570 570 572 581 585 588 3 Logging...................... 65.7 61.3 60.7 62.3 68.7 65.1 64.2 65.9 66.5 65.1 -1.4 Mining......................... 502.3 504.4 512.8 523.8 501.6 505.1 508.1 514.9 518.6 523.0 4.4 Oil and gas extraction........ 122.7 129.0 130.7 132.2 122.9 126.9 128.9 130.0 131.2 131.9 .7 Mining, except oil and gas(1). 204.4 196.6 202.5 208.0 202.6 200.0 200.6 202.8 204.4 205.9 1.5 Coal mining.................. 70.0 70.1 71.0 72.1 70.6 69.6 70.2 70.6 71.5 71.9 .4 Support activities for mining. 175.2 178.8 179.6 183.6 176.1 178.2 178.6 182.1 183.0 185.2 2.2 Construction.................... 6,760 6,512 6,732 6,961 6,715 6,812 6,791 6,853 6,872 6,909 37 Construction of buildings..... 1,576.8 1,548.1 1,575.0 1,621.8 1,578.5 1,593.3 1,590.9 1,607.6 1,611.4 1,622.4 11.0 Heavy and civil engineering construction................. 932.0 842.2 902.2 953.1 905.2 928.0 924.0 926.8 927.4 928.2 .8 Specialty trade contractors... 4,251.1 4,122.0 4,254.3 4,385.8 4,230.8 4,290.2 4,276.5 4,318.9 4,333.6 4,358.4 24.8 Manufacturing................... 14,563 14,272 14,318 14,400 14,574 14,314 14,321 14,344 14,373 14,405 32 Production workers........... 10,227 10,003 10,055 10,126 10,233 10,035 10,038 10,058 10,091 10,124 33 Durable goods.................. 8,997 8,870 8,916 8,962 8,993 8,869 8,882 8,899 8,927 8,953 26 Production workers........... 6,176 6,082 6,127 6,166 6,168 6,081 6,088 6,101 6,129 6,155 26 Wood products................. 537.3 530.5 534.5 544.5 536.1 536.3 538.4 539.7 539.6 544.3 4.7 Nonmetallic mineral products.. 498.0 480.7 493.9 505.3 494.8 492.7 490.5 493.2 498.3 502.3 4.0 Primary metals................ 480.4 461.4 461.5 463.9 481.3 462.2 462.4 462.0 462.3 464.1 1.8 Fabricated metal products..... 1,477.5 1,474.5 1,486.3 1,495.1 1,480.6 1,471.8 1,476.6 1,478.5 1,489.0 1,497.7 8.7 Machinery..................... 1,158.1 1,146.8 1,152.5 1,153.7 1,155.2 1,138.7 1,141.2 1,145.1 1,151.1 1,151.5 .4 Computer and electronic products(1).................. 1,365.2 1,336.0 1,337.1 1,346.8 1,366.4 1,333.2 1,333.9 1,338.0 1,341.2 1,347.7 6.5 Computer and peripheral equipment................... 228.3 218.8 218.1 218.4 228.4 219.4 219.0 218.6 218.4 218.4 .0 Communications equipment..... 158.1 154.7 154.9 156.0 157.4 154.8 154.8 155.0 154.9 155.3 .4 Semiconductors and electronic components.................. 464.6 451.4 452.7 456.8 464.3 450.2 451.4 452.1 453.9 457.1 3.2 Electronic instruments....... 428.1 426.1 426.2 430.2 429.0 423.7 423.3 426.8 428.1 430.9 2.8 Electrical equipment and appliances................... 460.2 446.2 447.0 446.8 461.0 449.8 448.6 446.8 446.7 447.1 .4 Transportation equipment...... 1,782.2 1,770.2 1,769.9 1,772.6 1,780.1 1,760.6 1,766.5 1,769.1 1,769.1 1,768.7 -.4 Furniture and related products 572.9 572.6 578.2 577.5 572.5 571.3 571.2 573.4 576.2 574.9 -1.3 Miscellaneous manufacturing... 665.3 651.0 655.0 655.6 665.2 652.0 653.0 653.0 653.9 655.1 1.2 Nondurable goods............... 5,566 5,402 5,402 5,438 5,581 5,445 5,439 5,445 5,446 5,452 6 Production workers........... 4,051 3,921 3,928 3,960 4,065 3,954 3,950 3,957 3,962 3,969 7 Food manufacturing............ 1,496.5 1,474.8 1,472.1 1,485.8 1,517.2 1,500.7 1,502.4 1,504.5 1,505.8 1,508.4 2.6 Beverages and tobacco products 199.8 192.7 193.5 195.7 201.0 197.7 195.9 197.2 197.0 196.5 -.5 Textile mills................. 267.2 237.8 237.7 237.2 265.6 239.2 237.3 237.1 235.9 235.8 -.1 Textile product mills......... 184.1 179.1 182.3 184.8 182.7 176.9 176.6 179.7 181.2 182.9 1.7 Apparel....................... 321.0 295.1 292.7 293.4 318.5 296.1 297.1 294.3 293.0 290.8 -2.2 Leather and allied products... 46.3 45.1 45.4 45.9 45.7 44.6 44.8 44.8 44.7 44.7 .0 Paper and paper products...... 519.2 505.7 504.8 507.4 520.9 509.8 508.0 508.8 508.2 509.0 .8 Printing and related support activities................... 683.4 661.4 659.4 664.9 683.8 667.6 665.0 664.4 663.3 665.2 1.9 Petroleum and coal products... 116.6 110.8 111.7 114.3 115.5 114.3 112.9 113.1 112.6 113.5 .9 Chemicals..................... 912.3 895.5 895.2 896.0 912.0 893.7 894.7 894.9 896.1 894.3 -1.8 Plastics and rubber products.. 819.7 804.3 807.5 812.5 818.0 804.8 803.9 806.3 808.5 811.1 2.6 Service-providing........... 108,629 108,466 109,351 109,967 108,014 108,498 108,593 108,852 109,146 109,322 176 Private service-providing.. 86,646 86,497 87,373 88,016 86,473 86,971 87,054 87,299 87,572 87,775 203 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 25,212 25,092 25,242 25,421 25,302 25,312 25,331 25,415 25,453 25,491 38 Wholesale trade................ 5,624.7 5,596.9 5,626.7 5,645.6 5,618.4 5,611.4 5,612.2 5,623.5 5,633.8 5,636.9 3.1 Durable goods................. 2,955.0 2,953.4 2,965.7 2,970.8 2,953.4 2,954.9 2,953.8 2,963.4 2,968.2 2,968.4 .2 Nondurable goods.............. 2,014.6 1,981.0 1,994.1 2,004.6 2,009.7 1,993.7 1,994.5 1,995.3 1,997.7 1,998.4 .7 Electronic markets and agents and brokers.................. 655.1 662.5 666.9 670.2 655.3 662.8 663.9 664.8 667.9 670.1 2.2 Retail trade...................14,818.5 14,753.3 14,856.5 14,973.0 14,917.4 14,944.8 14,963.0 15,013.0 15,041.0 15,059.8 18.8 Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)................... 1,882.9 1,893.2 1,908.1 1,914.6 1,880.1 1,895.4 1,900.9 1,906.9 1,911.3 1,911.9 .6 Automobile dealers........... 1,251.3 1,261.6 1,262.6 1,260.6 1,252.4 1,261.3 1,262.9 1,263.9 1,264.3 1,262.6 -1.7 Furniture and home furnishings stores....................... 534.6 540.7 539.2 541.4 541.2 546.4 544.5 544.8 545.4 547.0 1.6 Electronics and appliance stores....................... 502.4 510.1 511.2 505.2 512.2 509.3 508.2 511.7 514.3 513.8 -.5 Building material and garden supply stores................ 1,232.5 1,212.0 1,276.3 1,309.7 1,182.1 1,221.4 1,231.4 1,243.5 1,254.0 1,258.9 4.9 Food and beverage stores...... 2,846.4 2,804.8 2,803.0 2,832.0 2,856.5 2,826.3 2,831.3 2,838.9 2,838.6 2,844.7 6.1 Health and personal care stores....................... 936.3 952.5 950.9 954.6 940.3 954.1 954.9 958.2 958.3 959.4 1.1 Gasoline stations............. 884.1 862.7 865.4 874.3 883.8 875.1 871.8 873.0 872.6 872.2 -.4 Clothing and clothing accessories stores........... 1,268.8 1,285.4 1,294.3 1,309.6 1,296.6 1,304.3 1,311.3 1,321.8 1,328.1 1,334.1 6.0 Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores............. 629.3 621.5 616.3 619.1 648.0 635.9 636.8 636.5 635.1 634.9 -.2 General merchandise stores(1). 2,747.6 2,743.0 2,759.5 2,766.7 2,811.8 2,822.7 2,822.5 2,824.4 2,830.6 2,829.3 -1.3 Department stores............ 1,562.1 1,549.8 1,557.6 1,562.8 1,613.5 1,603.4 1,602.7 1,604.9 1,608.9 1,609.1 .2 Miscellaneous store retailers. 937.2 906.7 914.4 928.7 936.3 929.6 924.6 926.9 925.6 924.4 -1.2 Nonstore retailers............ 416.4 420.7 417.9 417.1 428.5 424.3 424.8 426.4 427.1 429.2 2.1 Transportation and warehousing. 4,188.4 4,162.9 4,180.1 4,219.7 4,185.8 4,175.9 4,175.8 4,197.0 4,196.5 4,211.3 14.8 Air transportation............ 527.8 509.9 512.1 513.0 532.6 510.2 511.6 512.9 513.6 513.9 .3 Rail transportation........... 216.2 214.5 216.4 217.2 215.2 215.4 215.7 216.0 216.2 216.7 .5 Water transportation.......... 54.3 47.5 50.0 51.5 53.4 50.6 48.8 49.2 50.4 50.7 .3 Truck transportation.......... 1,318.9 1,320.4 1,337.3 1,347.9 1,322.0 1,343.6 1,344.1 1,346.4 1,351.2 1,352.4 1.2 Transit and ground passenger transportation............... 398.7 394.0 385.7 399.0 381.1 382.3 380.1 380.5 372.6 382.0 9.4 Pipeline transportation....... 40.6 37.7 37.9 38.4 40.8 38.3 38.2 38.1 38.2 38.5 .3 Scenic and sightseeing transportation............... 29.4 25.8 28.6 33.4 28.5 28.7 29.7 31.4 32.0 32.4 .4 Support activities for transportation............... 519.5 514.4 516.2 516.4 520.7 514.1 515.5 518.5 518.9 519.3 .4 Couriers and messengers....... 563.4 569.7 564.9 573.9 569.0 566.9 567.7 572.1 569.9 572.6 2.7 Warehousing and storage....... 519.6 529.0 531.0 529.0 522.5 525.8 524.4 531.9 533.5 532.8 -.7 Utilities...................... 580.5 579.3 578.7 582.4 580.7 580.2 580.0 581.2 581.9 582.8 .9 Information..................... 3,198 3,158 3,161 3,178 3,203 3,163 3,169 3,169 3,173 3,176 3 Publishing industries, except Internet..................... 925.0 914.4 912.6 910.9 928.8 914.0 915.1 915.3 915.1 913.7 -1.4 Motion picture and sound recording industries......... 374.6 374.0 375.1 396.2 374.8 379.7 382.7 381.2 385.9 392.6 6.7 Broadcasting, except Internet. 325.6 332.6 332.4 334.1 326.7 329.7 331.8 333.0 333.3 335.3 2.0 Internet publishing and broadcasting................. 29.1 31.6 32.4 32.7 29.1 30.8 31.9 31.8 32.4 32.8 .4 Telecommunications............ 1,087.0 1,053.3 1,052.7 1,049.0 1,088.3 1,061.3 1,058.2 1,055.0 1,052.9 1,047.5 -5.4 ISPs, search portals, and data processing................... 408.9 403.6 405.5 405.8 407.9 400.1 401.1 403.7 404.1 405.1 1.0 Other information services.... 48.1 48.5 49.8 49.7 47.8 47.8 48.0 48.6 49.5 49.4 -.1 Financial activities............ 7,987 7,958 7,992 8,029 7,987 7,981 7,989 8,003 8,016 8,031 15 Finance and insurance.......... 5,929.0 5,922.7 5,932.5 5,939.5 5,934.8 5,917.1 5,924.7 5,933.0 5,940.4 5,945.8 5.4 Monetary authorities - central bank......................... 22.7 22.3 22.3 21.4 22.8 22.4 22.4 22.3 22.2 21.5 -.7 Credit intermediation and related activities(1)........ 2,794.7 2,785.7 2,793.8 2,798.9 2,796.9 2,785.3 2,787.2 2,793.8 2,799.3 2,802.0 2.7 Depository credit intermediation(1)........... 1,750.9 1,758.8 1,760.3 1,763.0 1,752.0 1,758.7 1,762.6 1,762.8 1,763.6 1,765.0 1.4 Commercial banking.......... 1,280.7 1,280.1 1,283.5 1,285.1 1,281.7 1,280.4 1,283.5 1,284.1 1,285.8 1,286.7 .9 Securities, commodity contracts, investments....... 757.8 778.1 776.2 779.8 761.1 773.8 778.2 780.8 779.8 782.7 2.9 Insurance carriers and related activities................... 2,271.7 2,257.5 2,261.3 2,261.5 2,271.7 2,255.8 2,257.4 2,257.1 2,260.4 2,261.7 1.3 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles........... 82.1 79.1 78.9 77.9 82.3 79.8 79.5 79.0 78.7 77.9 -.8 Real estate and rental and leasing....................... 2,057.6 2,035.7 2,059.4 2,089.4 2,051.9 2,063.6 2,064.5 2,069.5 2,075.4 2,084.7 9.3 Real estate................... 1,383.5 1,384.7 1,401.8 1,422.2 1,383.0 1,397.7 1,400.2 1,405.8 1,412.7 1,421.1 8.4 Rental and leasing services... 645.2 621.8 628.9 638.0 640.4 636.0 634.2 634.1 633.5 634.5 1.0 Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets............ 28.9 29.2 28.7 29.2 28.5 29.9 30.1 29.6 29.2 29.1 -.1 Professional and business services....................... 15,930 16,031 16,334 16,424 15,943 16,172 16,196 16,237 16,367 16,431 64 Professional and technical services(1)................... 6,570.9 6,751.7 6,760.1 6,646.7 6,616.7 6,657.9 6,658.1 6,679.8 6,695.7 6,695.2 -.5 Legal services............... 1,133.4 1,131.8 1,134.7 1,136.5 1,136.9 1,138.7 1,139.2 1,138.4 1,140.8 1,141.4 .6 Accounting and bookkeeping services.................... 773.7 927.7 908.3 762.6 808.8 815.2 813.3 812.8 813.7 796.6 -17.1 Architectural and engineering services.................... 1,226.0 1,228.7 1,243.8 1,255.8 1,225.1 1,236.0 1,240.0 1,246.4 1,252.4 1,255.5 3.1 Computer systems design and related services............ 1,114.9 1,104.7 1,102.2 1,105.8 1,115.1 1,104.6 1,099.8 1,103.5 1,102.9 1,107.4 4.5 Management and technical consulting services......... 740.9 768.3 776.7 785.6 743.2 765.4 767.9 774.0 781.7 787.2 5.5 Management of companies and enterprises................... 1,674.5 1,664.1 1,672.7 1,680.1 1,677.5 1,675.1 1,675.6 1,676.6 1,679.8 1,682.8 3.0 Administrative and waste services...................... 7,684.9 7,614.7 7,901.5 8,096.8 7,648.7 7,838.5 7,862.4 7,880.1 7,991.8 8,053.3 61.5 Administrative and support services(1).................. 7,360.5 7,297.1 7,577.8 7,772.1 7,325.9 7,517.5 7,539.6 7,556.8 7,667.0 7,730.1 63.1 Employment services(1)....... 3,245.0 3,348.2 3,477.0 3,572.8 3,276.1 3,473.8 3,493.8 3,492.3 3,562.2 3,602.8 40.6 Temporary help services..... 2,178.1 2,268.2 2,367.1 2,440.3 2,199.7 2,344.3 2,370.4 2,380.3 2,426.9 2,458.2 31.3 Business support services.... 745.4 748.0 747.4 752.9 748.3 739.0 739.8 746.0 747.9 753.0 5.1 Services to buildings and dwellings................... 1,696.2 1,542.6 1,678.2 1,749.4 1,628.8 1,637.1 1,639.5 1,646.2 1,673.5 1,681.7 8.2 Waste management and remediation services......... 324.4 317.6 323.7 324.7 322.8 321.0 322.8 323.3 324.8 323.2 -1.6 Education and health services... 16,634 16,953 17,022 16,989 16,564 16,746 16,764 16,813 16,852 16,896 44 Educational services........... 2,743.4 2,883.1 2,894.4 2,817.5 2,692.0 2,729.3 2,727.4 2,736.0 2,741.7 2,749.5 7.8 Health care and social assistance....................13,890.2 14,070.1 14,128.0 14,171.7 13,872.3 14,017.1 14,036.8 14,077.1 14,110.6 14,146.6 36.0 Ambulatory health care services(1).................. 4,765.1 4,857.4 4,883.4 4,901.2 4,763.2 4,840.3 4,855.3 4,868.0 4,884.7 4,899.4 14.7 Offices of physicians........ 1,992.8 2,040.4 2,043.7 2,047.8 1,996.3 2,032.3 2,034.4 2,043.5 2,047.3 2,051.5 4.2 Outpatient care centers...... 423.7 431.0 433.6 436.7 422.8 427.8 431.1 430.3 432.9 435.9 3.0 Home health care services.... 727.2 738.9 748.7 753.5 725.2 740.2 741.5 743.8 748.1 751.6 3.5 Hospitals..................... 4,242.3 4,292.9 4,298.9 4,305.6 4,249.7 4,287.8 4,284.1 4,298.0 4,304.6 4,313.7 9.1 Nursing and residential care facilities(1)................ 2,783.1 2,793.2 2,799.6 2,805.0 2,784.6 2,792.1 2,791.1 2,798.4 2,803.1 2,806.7 3.6 Nursing care facilities...... 1,582.9 1,579.0 1,580.5 1,583.5 1,583.9 1,580.3 1,578.7 1,582.1 1,584.0 1,585.6 1.6 Social assistance(1).......... 2,099.7 2,126.6 2,146.1 2,159.9 2,074.8 2,096.9 2,106.3 2,112.7 2,118.2 2,126.8 8.6 Child day care services...... 777.3 789.0 794.9 802.1 758.2 766.3 772.2 773.7 773.3 774.7 1.4 Leisure and hospitality......... 12,276 11,927 12,227 12,561 12,078 12,218 12,229 12,271 12,313 12,353 40 Arts, entertainment, and recreation.................... 1,869.0 1,656.6 1,755.2 1,875.6 1,794.3 1,801.4 1,796.7 1,798.7 1,798.0 1,804.0 6.0 Performing arts and spectator sports....................... 384.7 348.1 369.7 377.8 370.9 369.4 366.5 364.6 364.0 362.4 -1.6 Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks.............. 116.4 108.0 113.8 119.4 114.3 113.4 113.7 114.2 115.3 116.3 1.0 Amusements, gambling, and recreation................... 1,367.9 1,200.5 1,271.7 1,378.4 1,309.1 1,318.6 1,316.5 1,319.9 1,318.7 1,325.3 6.6 Accommodations and food services......................10,407.3 10,269.9 10,471.6 10,685.7 10,283.8 10,416.5 10,432.3 10,472.0 10,515.4 10,548.8 33.4 Accommodations................ 1,764.1 1,694.3 1,717.4 1,764.2 1,751.1 1,752.1 1,754.4 1,753.4 1,757.3 1,757.3 .0 Food services and drinking places....................... 8,643.2 8,575.6 8,754.2 8,921.5 8,532.7 8,664.4 8,677.9 8,718.6 8,758.1 8,791.5 33.4 Other services.................. 5,409 5,378 5,395 5,414 5,396 5,379 5,376 5,391 5,398 5,397 -1 Repair and maintenance........ 1,235.7 1,240.6 1,241.4 1,241.4 1,235.2 1,233.5 1,230.5 1,239.4 1,238.5 1,238.2 -.3 Personal and laundry services. 1,269.8 1,247.3 1,259.4 1,272.8 1,259.9 1,251.2 1,247.6 1,255.9 1,258.2 1,260.9 2.7 Membership associations and organizations................ 2,903.1 2,890.2 2,893.9 2,900.0 2,901.1 2,894.5 2,898.3 2,895.2 2,900.8 2,898.0 -2.8 Government...................... 21,983 21,969 21,978 21,951 21,541 21,527 21,539 21,553 21,574 21,547 -27 Federal........................ 2,765 2,698 2,726 2,701 2,769 2,715 2,716 2,710 2,725 2,700 -25 Federal, except U.S. Postal Service...................... 1,953.7 1,910.8 1,941.0 1,917.7 1,953.9 1,921.5 1,923.8 1,921.1 1,938.0 1,916.0 -22.0 U.S. Postal Service........... 811.0 786.7 784.8 783.3 815.2 793.1 791.7 789.1 786.5 783.7 -2.8 State government............... 5,076 5,164 5,167 5,084 5,013 5,007 5,018 5,023 5,025 5,025 0 State government education.... 2,313.5 2,428.9 2,429.0 2,341.2 2,256.5 2,268.0 2,279.6 2,283.2 2,285.7 2,286.1 .4 State government, excluding education.................... 2,762.6 2,734.8 2,737.8 2,742.3 2,756.4 2,738.9 2,738.4 2,739.7 2,739.3 2,739.1 -.2 Local government............... 14,142 14,107 14,085 14,166 13,759 13,805 13,805 13,820 13,824 13,822 -2 Local government education.... 8,039.7 8,075.1 8,039.8 8,061.9 7,657.2 7,692.2 7,694.3 7,704.7 7,706.2 7,702.6 -3.6 Local government, excluding education.................... 6,101.9 6,031.9 6,044.8 6,104.4 6,102.0 6,112.7 6,110.8 6,114.8 6,117.9 6,119.8 1.9 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May from: 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Apr. 2004- May 2004p Total private......................... 33.6 33.5 33.5 34.0 33.7 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.8 0.0 Goods-producing........................... 39.8 40.1 39.7 40.4 39.7 40.2 40.3 40.2 40.0 40.2 .2 Natural resources and mining.................. 44.0 43.9 43.8 44.5 43.8 44.5 44.1 44.2 44.2 44.3 .1 Construction.................................. 38.8 38.4 37.7 38.7 38.5 38.5 38.5 38.6 38.3 38.3 .0 Manufacturing................................. 40.2 40.8 40.6 41.1 40.2 41.0 41.0 40.9 40.7 41.1 .4 Overtime hours............................. 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.1 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 .1 Durable goods................................ 40.6 41.4 41.1 41.6 40.5 41.5 41.5 41.4 41.2 41.6 .4 Overtime hours............................. 4.1 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.1 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 .1 Wood products............................... 40.2 40.6 40.8 41.7 39.9 40.9 41.1 41.0 41.1 41.3 .2 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 42.8 42.5 42.5 42.3 42.3 42.5 42.5 42.9 42.4 42.0 -.4 Primary metals.............................. 42.4 43.1 43.2 43.8 42.3 43.1 43.0 43.2 43.2 43.7 .5 Fabricated metal products................... 40.6 41.0 40.8 41.2 40.6 41.2 41.2 41.1 41.0 41.2 .2 Machinery................................... 40.7 41.9 41.5 42.3 40.6 41.8 41.8 41.7 41.4 42.2 .8 Computer and electronic products............ 40.3 40.8 40.3 41.0 40.5 40.8 41.2 40.7 40.6 41.0 .4 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 40.1 40.6 40.5 41.5 40.3 41.1 40.7 40.8 40.9 41.7 .8 Transportation equipment.................... 41.5 43.0 42.3 42.7 41.2 42.8 42.9 42.8 42.3 42.6 .3 Furniture and related products.............. 38.1 39.4 39.5 39.7 38.4 39.7 39.4 39.6 39.6 40.0 .4 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 38.1 38.8 38.3 38.8 38.1 39.0 38.7 38.7 38.3 38.8 .5 Nondurable goods............................. 39.5 40.0 39.7 40.2 39.6 40.2 40.3 40.1 40.0 40.3 .3 Overtime hours............................. 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.3 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 .1 Food manufacturing.......................... 39.1 38.7 38.4 39.7 39.3 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.2 39.8 .6 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 39.3 38.9 39.6 39.6 39.0 39.6 40.3 39.4 39.6 39.3 -.3 Textile mills............................... 38.6 40.6 39.5 40.2 38.5 40.0 40.0 40.2 39.4 40.1 .7 Textile product mills....................... 38.9 38.8 38.4 38.0 39.1 39.4 39.9 38.8 38.3 38.2 -.1 Apparel..................................... 35.5 36.5 36.3 36.5 35.4 35.7 36.2 36.3 36.2 36.4 .2 Leather and allied products................. 39.2 39.9 39.5 39.0 39.2 39.8 39.5 39.4 39.2 39.0 -.2 Paper and paper products.................... 41.0 41.6 41.8 42.1 41.3 41.9 42.0 41.8 42.0 42.4 .4 Printing and related support activities..... 37.6 38.5 38.2 38.3 37.9 38.6 38.6 38.4 38.4 38.6 .2 Petroleum and coal products................. 43.1 43.5 43.3 43.9 43.9 43.8 44.1 43.7 43.8 44.2 .4 Chemicals................................... 42.1 43.0 42.7 42.9 42.1 42.9 43.2 43.0 43.0 43.1 .1 Plastics and rubber products................ 40.4 40.8 40.8 40.9 40.3 40.8 40.9 40.9 40.8 40.9 .1 Private service-providing................ 32.2 32.1 32.2 32.6 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 .1 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 33.5 33.2 33.2 33.7 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.6 33.6 33.6 .0 Wholesale trade.............................. 37.8 37.7 37.8 38.3 37.9 37.9 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 .0 Retail trade................................. 30.8 30.4 30.4 30.8 30.8 31.0 30.9 30.8 30.8 30.8 .0 Transportation and warehousing............... 36.5 36.6 36.5 37.4 36.6 36.9 37.2 36.9 37.0 37.3 .3 Utilities.................................... 40.8 41.0 41.0 41.4 40.9 40.8 41.0 41.2 41.2 41.4 .2 Information................................... 36.0 35.9 36.0 36.5 36.3 36.2 36.3 36.3 36.3 36.5 .2 Financial activities.......................... 35.3 35.2 35.3 36.2 35.6 35.7 35.5 35.5 35.6 35.8 .2 Professional and business services............ 34.1 34.0 34.1 34.7 34.2 34.1 34.2 34.1 34.2 34.3 .1 Education and health services................. 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.6 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5 .0 Leisure and hospitality....................... 25.5 25.4 25.4 25.8 25.7 25.7 25.8 25.7 25.7 25.6 -.1 Other services................................ 31.2 31.0 30.9 31.3 31.4 31.1 31.1 31.2 31.2 31.2 .0 1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Mar. Apr. May 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004p 2004p Total private........................... $15.27 $15.55 $15.59 $15.64 $513.07 $520.93 $522.27 $531.76 Seasonally adjusted.................... 15.31 15.55 15.59 15.64 515.95 525.59 526.94 528.63 Goods-producing............................. 16.72 17.00 17.08 17.08 665.46 681.70 678.08 690.03 Natural resources and mining.................... 17.39 18.17 18.13 18.03 765.16 797.66 794.09 802.34 Construction.................................... 18.86 19.07 19.15 19.13 731.77 732.29 721.96 740.33 Manufacturing................................... 15.64 16.01 16.06 16.02 628.73 653.21 652.04 658.42 Durable goods.................................. 16.35 16.69 16.72 16.67 663.81 690.97 687.19 693.47 Wood products................................. 12.58 12.93 12.99 13.03 505.72 524.96 529.99 543.35 Nonmetallic mineral products.................. 15.74 16.02 16.20 16.12 673.67 680.85 688.50 681.88 Primary metals................................ 17.95 18.33 18.52 18.35 761.08 790.02 800.06 803.73 Fabricated metal products..................... 14.93 15.25 15.22 15.20 606.16 625.25 620.98 626.24 Machinery..................................... 16.20 16.49 16.54 16.51 659.34 690.93 686.41 698.37 Computer and electronic products.............. 16.58 16.93 16.98 17.02 668.17 690.74 684.29 697.82 Electrical equipment and appliances........... 14.21 14.68 14.79 14.75 569.82 596.01 599.00 612.13 Transportation equipment...................... 21.08 21.34 21.36 21.23 874.82 917.62 903.53 906.52 Furniture and related products................ 12.89 12.96 13.07 13.05 491.11 510.62 516.27 518.09 Miscellaneous manufacturing................... 13.20 13.78 13.70 13.75 502.92 534.66 524.71 533.50 Nondurable goods............................... 14.54 14.90 15.01 14.98 574.33 596.00 595.90 602.20 Food manufacturing............................ 12.74 12.89 12.97 12.89 498.13 498.84 498.05 511.73 Beverages and tobacco products................ 18.09 19.13 19.65 19.97 710.94 744.16 778.14 790.81 Textile mills................................. 11.95 12.09 12.21 12.08 461.27 490.85 482.30 485.62 Textile product mills......................... 11.12 11.37 11.33 11.24 432.57 441.16 435.07 427.12 Apparel....................................... 9.49 9.60 9.64 9.53 336.90 350.40 349.93 347.85 Leather and allied products................... 11.66 11.64 11.65 11.58 457.07 464.44 460.18 451.62 Paper and paper products...................... 17.25 17.59 17.83 17.92 707.25 731.74 745.29 754.43 Printing and related support activities....... 15.25 15.61 15.54 15.53 573.40 600.99 593.63 594.80 Petroleum and coal products................... 23.29 24.82 24.55 24.46 1003.80 1079.67 1063.02 1073.79 Chemicals..................................... 18.44 18.87 19.00 19.05 776.32 811.41 811.30 817.25 Plastics and rubber products.................. 14.11 14.45 14.59 14.59 570.04 589.56 595.27 596.73 Private service-providing.................. 14.88 15.16 15.20 15.25 479.14 486.64 489.44 497.15 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 14.29 14.53 14.64 14.64 478.72 482.40 486.05 493.37 Wholesale trade................................ 17.27 17.47 17.61 17.65 652.81 658.62 665.66 676.00 Retail trade................................... 11.87 12.03 12.09 12.08 365.60 365.71 367.54 372.06 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.15 16.51 16.74 16.75 589.48 604.27 611.01 626.45 Utilities...................................... 24.59 25.36 25.68 25.49 1003.27 1039.76 1052.88 1055.29 Information..................................... 20.92 21.17 21.26 21.36 753.12 760.00 765.36 779.64 Financial activities............................ 17.00 17.37 17.43 17.64 600.10 611.42 615.28 638.57 Professional and business services.............. 17.15 17.28 17.26 17.45 584.82 587.52 588.57 605.52 Education and health services................... 15.51 15.94 15.99 16.02 497.87 513.27 516.48 522.25 Leisure and hospitality......................... 8.74 8.89 8.84 8.87 222.87 225.81 224.54 228.85 Other services.................................. 13.82 13.83 13.87 13.93 431.18 428.73 428.58 436.01 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted Percent Industry May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change from: 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Apr. 2004- May 2004p Total private: Current dollars........................ $15.31 $15.49 $15.52 $15.55 $15.59 $15.64 0.3 Constant (1982) dollars(2)............. 8.28 8.27 8.27 8.24 8.25 N.A. (3) Goods-producing............................. 16.76 17.00 17.06 17.08 17.13 17.12 -.1 Natural resources and mining.................... 17.47 17.95 18.01 18.10 18.05 18.06 .1 Construction.................................... 18.95 19.11 19.18 19.17 19.21 19.21 .0 Manufacturing................................... 15.68 15.94 15.99 16.01 16.08 16.07 -.1 Excluding overtime(4)........................ 14.92 15.11 15.14 15.16 15.22 15.20 -.1 Durable goods.................................. 16.39 16.63 16.68 16.69 16.75 16.72 -.2 Nondurable goods............................... 14.58 14.85 14.89 14.93 15.00 15.02 .1 Private service-providing.................. 14.92 15.08 15.10 15.13 15.18 15.24 .4 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 14.30 14.45 14.49 14.50 14.57 14.60 .2 Wholesale trade................................ 17.32 17.53 17.54 17.54 17.60 17.60 .0 Retail trade................................... 11.87 11.95 11.98 11.99 12.02 12.05 .2 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.20 16.46 16.52 16.53 16.71 16.77 .4 Utilities...................................... 24.59 25.32 25.35 25.38 25.67 25.47 -.8 Information..................................... 21.01 21.15 21.24 21.25 21.33 21.40 .3 Financial activities............................ 17.02 17.35 17.32 17.41 17.44 17.52 .5 Professional and business services.............. 17.21 17.24 17.25 17.27 17.29 17.37 .5 Education and health services................... 15.56 15.87 15.90 15.96 16.00 16.07 .4 Leisure and hospitality......................... 8.75 8.85 8.86 8.87 8.86 8.88 .2 Other services.................................. 13.82 13.84 13.84 13.87 13.86 13.89 .2 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. 3 Change was 0.1 percent from Mar. 2004 to Apr. 2004, the latest month available. 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. N.A. = not available. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change from: 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Apr. 2004- May 2004p Total private......................... 98.5 97.3 98.5 101.0 98.6 99.1 99.2 99.5 99.9 100.2 0.3 Goods-producing........................... 96.1 93.7 94.4 97.9 95.6 96.0 96.2 96.4 96.2 97.1 .9 Natural resources and mining.................. 97.3 97.3 98.5 103.1 97.5 99.1 98.2 100.8 101.9 103.3 1.4 Construction.................................. 100.1 93.8 95.9 102.6 98.5 99.7 99.6 100.7 100.1 100.6 .5 Manufacturing................................. 94.4 93.7 93.7 95.5 94.4 94.4 94.5 94.4 94.3 95.5 1.3 Durable goods................................ 94.2 94.6 94.6 96.4 93.9 94.8 94.9 94.9 94.9 96.2 1.4 Wood products............................... 97.1 96.9 98.2 102.5 96.2 98.7 99.7 99.7 99.9 101.4 1.5 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 96.6 92.6 95.8 98.2 94.6 95.5 95.0 96.5 96.6 96.7 .1 Primary metals.............................. 94.3 92.1 92.4 94.4 94.1 92.1 92.0 92.4 92.6 94.1 1.6 Fabricated metal products................... 95.0 95.9 96.5 98.1 95.2 96.1 96.5 96.4 97.1 98.4 1.3 Machinery................................... 94.1 96.3 95.9 97.9 93.3 94.9 95.1 95.3 95.3 97.4 2.2 Computer and electronic products............ 92.8 90.7 89.4 91.8 93.2 90.2 90.8 90.5 90.2 91.4 1.3 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 90.7 88.4 88.2 90.0 91.5 90.6 89.0 88.8 88.8 90.5 1.9 Transportation equipment.................... 94.9 98.1 96.9 98.0 94.1 97.3 97.7 97.4 96.6 97.4 .8 Furniture and related products.............. 91.0 93.9 95.3 95.6 91.5 94.4 93.8 94.7 95.2 96.2 1.1 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 93.4 91.6 91.3 92.6 93.4 92.4 91.9 91.7 91.0 92.5 1.6 Nondurable goods............................. 94.2 92.4 91.8 93.8 94.8 93.6 93.8 93.5 93.3 94.2 1.0 Food manufacturing.......................... 96.2 93.9 93.1 97.4 98.4 97.7 97.6 97.6 97.5 99.3 1.8 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 88.5 83.8 86.8 88.5 89.0 88.8 88.5 87.9 88.5 88.5 .0 Textile mills............................... 87.1 80.7 78.5 79.3 86.3 80.3 79.5 79.8 77.6 78.6 1.3 Textile product mills....................... 93.6 92.2 93.7 93.7 93.2 92.4 93.1 92.5 92.5 93.2 .8 Apparel..................................... 84.8 78.7 78.1 78.6 83.4 77.2 78.8 78.1 77.5 77.0 -.6 Leather and allied products................. 94.7 92.9 93.3 93.7 93.1 91.4 91.7 91.5 91.3 91.4 .1 Paper and paper products.................... 91.6 89.9 90.3 91.4 92.8 91.3 91.2 91.1 91.6 92.5 1.0 Printing and related support activities..... 94.5 93.2 92.1 93.2 95.1 94.2 93.9 93.4 93.2 94.0 .9 Petroleum and coal products................. 96.6 96.4 96.8 102.0 97.8 99.0 98.6 98.9 99.1 101.6 2.5 Chemicals................................... 98.9 99.7 99.3 99.9 98.7 99.0 99.9 99.5 99.7 99.9 .2 Plastics and rubber products................ 96.0 94.5 95.0 96.0 95.6 94.6 94.9 94.9 95.0 95.6 .6 Private service-providing................ 99.1 98.4 99.8 101.9 99.4 99.9 100.0 100.3 100.7 101.3 .6 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 98.1 96.5 97.2 99.4 98.5 98.7 99.1 99.2 99.3 99.5 .2 Wholesale trade.............................. 98.2 96.9 97.8 99.6 98.4 97.7 98.0 98.2 98.5 98.7 .2 Retail trade................................. 97.9 96.0 96.7 98.9 98.7 99.4 99.2 99.3 99.4 99.6 .2 Transportation and warehousing............... 97.9 97.8 97.9 101.5 98.0 98.8 99.8 99.6 99.9 101.1 1.2 Utilities.................................... 97.2 97.4 97.4 98.5 97.4 97.4 97.7 98.2 98.3 98.7 .4 Information................................... 96.5 97.0 97.6 99.4 97.3 97.1 97.8 98.0 98.6 99.5 .9 Financial activities.......................... 101.0 99.6 100.3 103.5 101.7 101.7 101.0 101.1 101.5 102.3 .8 Professional and business services............ 98.3 98.6 100.9 103.4 98.6 99.7 100.1 100.2 101.5 102.5 1.0 Education and health services................. 100.9 102.7 103.4 104.1 101.1 102.1 102.2 102.4 103.1 103.4 .3 Leisure and hospitality....................... 100.7 97.1 99.7 104.3 99.7 100.8 101.4 101.3 101.8 101.6 -.2 Other services................................ 96.9 95.5 95.6 97.3 97.3 95.8 95.7 96.5 96.6 96.7 .1 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry May Mar. Apr. May May Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May change from: 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Apr. 2004- May 2004p Total private......................... 100.7 101.3 102.8 105.7 101.0 102.7 103.0 103.5 104.2 104.9 0.7 Goods-producing........................... 98.4 97.6 98.7 102.4 98.1 99.9 100.5 100.8 100.9 101.8 .9 Natural resources and mining.................. 98.4 102.8 103.8 108.1 99.1 103.4 102.9 106.1 107.0 108.6 1.5 Construction.................................. 101.9 96.6 99.2 106.0 100.8 102.9 103.2 104.2 103.8 104.4 .6 Manufacturing................................. 96.5 98.1 98.4 100.1 96.8 98.4 98.8 98.9 99.1 100.4 1.3 Durable goods................................ 96.2 98.6 98.8 100.3 96.0 98.4 98.9 98.9 99.2 100.4 1.2 Nondurable goods............................. 96.8 97.3 97.4 99.2 97.7 98.2 98.6 98.6 98.9 100.0 1.1 Private service-providing................ 101.3 102.5 104.2 106.7 101.9 103.5 103.7 104.3 105.0 106.1 1.0 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 100.0 100.1 101.5 103.8 100.4 101.7 102.4 102.6 103.2 103.6 .4 Wholesale trade.............................. 99.9 99.7 101.5 103.5 100.4 100.9 101.3 101.5 102.1 102.3 .2 Retail trade................................. 99.6 99.0 100.2 102.4 100.4 101.8 101.9 102.0 102.4 102.8 .4 Transportation and warehousing............... 100.3 102.5 104.0 107.9 100.7 103.2 104.6 104.4 105.9 107.6 1.6 Utilities.................................... 99.7 103.1 104.4 104.8 100.0 102.9 103.4 104.1 105.3 104.9 -.4 Information................................... 99.9 101.6 102.7 105.1 101.2 101.6 102.8 103.1 104.1 105.4 1.2 Financial activities.......................... 106.1 107.0 108.1 112.9 107.1 109.1 108.2 108.8 109.5 110.9 1.3 Professional and business services............ 100.4 101.3 103.6 107.4 101.0 102.3 102.8 103.0 104.4 105.9 1.4 Education and health services................. 102.9 107.6 108.7 109.7 103.4 106.5 106.8 107.5 108.4 109.2 .7 Leisure and hospitality....................... 102.6 100.6 102.7 107.9 101.7 104.0 104.7 104.8 105.1 105.2 .1 Other services................................ 97.6 96.2 96.6 98.7 97.9 96.6 96.5 97.5 97.5 97.8 .3 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries(1) Over 1-month span: 2000 .............. 61.9 62.9 63.3 59.5 46.9 61.7 63.1 52.5 51.1 53.4 56.8 53.8 2001 .............. 52.2 47.8 50.4 34.4 41.4 39.2 37.1 38.8 38.3 32.4 36.7 34.9 2002 .............. 40.1 35.1 41.0 41.5 41.7 47.8 44.1 44.1 42.8 39.0 38.7 34.5 2003 .............. 41.2 35.1 38.1 41.4 42.8 40.1 40.5 39.7 49.3 46.0 51.1 49.1 2004 .............. 52.3 56.1 68.7 p68.3 p66.4 Over 3-month span: 2000 .............. 69.2 66.2 67.8 68.3 60.1 58.1 56.3 61.5 56.5 53.2 52.9 56.8 2001 .............. 52.7 50.4 50.4 43.5 38.8 34.9 36.2 37.9 34.7 35.3 30.8 32.0 2002 .............. 34.0 37.4 35.1 36.2 36.7 39.4 39.9 40.8 38.7 37.1 34.4 34.7 2003 .............. 36.5 32.6 36.3 35.1 40.5 42.6 37.4 35.4 40.1 45.5 50.5 51.1 2004 .............. 54.0 55.2 62.8 p67.4 p75.4 Over 6-month span: 2000 .............. 67.3 69.1 72.5 72.5 67.4 67.8 66.7 60.8 59.0 55.0 59.7 54.0 2001 .............. 51.8 50.0 51.8 47.3 43.5 41.5 38.1 35.4 32.2 33.1 31.5 31.1 2002 .............. 29.5 30.0 31.1 31.1 31.7 37.1 37.2 39.0 34.7 36.5 35.3 33.3 2003 .............. 33.6 31.1 31.7 31.7 33.5 37.8 36.2 36.5 40.5 39.4 42.6 41.7 2004 .............. 48.9 54.1 59.5 p65.1 p70.7 Over 12-month span: 2000 .............. 70.9 69.2 73.2 71.0 69.8 71.0 70.0 70.3 70.3 65.6 63.8 62.1 2001 .............. 59.5 59.5 53.4 49.3 48.6 45.0 43.3 43.9 39.9 37.8 37.1 34.9 2002 .............. 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.4 30.2 29.1 32.0 31.3 30.0 29.5 32.9 34.7 2003 .............. 34.5 31.5 32.9 33.5 36.2 34.4 34.7 33.1 37.6 37.4 33.1 35.4 2004 .............. 37.8 43.2 47.3 p50.7 p55.2 Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries(1) Over 1-month span: 2000 .............. 48.2 58.3 50.0 50.0 41.1 57.1 60.7 28.6 25.0 35.1 39.9 41.1 2001 .............. 22.6 22.0 21.4 16.1 15.5 23.2 13.7 14.3 19.0 17.9 14.9 10.1 2002 .............. 21.4 18.5 23.8 35.1 29.8 32.7 40.5 28.0 31.0 11.9 15.5 17.9 2003 .............. 26.2 15.5 22.6 13.7 26.2 25.0 28.0 26.2 27.4 28.6 51.2 45.8 2004 .............. 42.9 55.4 60.1 p66.1 p64.9 Over 3-month span: 2000 .............. 53.6 53.6 56.0 54.8 44.0 44.0 51.2 47.6 32.7 25.0 23.2 38.7 2001 .............. 35.7 21.4 16.1 14.3 13.1 13.7 11.9 8.9 8.3 13.1 8.9 10.1 2002 .............. 9.5 10.1 11.3 17.9 17.3 19.0 28.0 22.0 23.8 15.5 6.5 4.8 2003 .............. 13.7 13.1 16.7 10.1 13.1 14.9 16.1 16.1 16.1 24.4 27.4 41.7 2004 .............. 48.8 51.8 59.5 p62.5 p70.2 Over 6-month span: 2000 .............. 44.0 52.4 55.4 57.7 47.6 51.8 56.0 45.2 39.3 34.5 32.1 27.4 2001 .............. 22.0 23.8 22.0 20.8 14.3 13.7 14.3 10.1 10.7 5.4 7.1 4.8 2002 .............. 6.5 8.9 7.7 8.3 7.7 14.3 14.9 10.7 12.5 10.1 8.9 8.9 2003 .............. 11.3 9.5 6.0 7.1 8.9 13.1 8.9 13.1 13.1 16.7 19.0 19.6 2004 .............. 28.6 36.9 46.4 p58.3 p58.3 Over 12-month span: 2000 .............. 41.7 39.3 47.0 50.0 46.4 52.4 51.8 49.4 46.4 40.5 35.1 33.3 2001 .............. 29.8 32.1 20.8 19.0 13.1 12.5 10.7 11.9 11.9 10.1 8.3 6.0 2002 .............. 7.1 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.1 3.6 4.8 6.0 4.8 7.1 4.8 8.3 2003 .............. 10.7 6.0 6.5 5.4 8.3 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.7 11.9 9.5 11.3 2004 .............. 9.5 19.0 16.7 p25.6 p32.1 1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. p = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.