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Idle Reduction Technologies
Verified Idle Reduction Technologies Eligible for Funding Under the National Clean Diesel Campaign
Through the National Clean Diesel Campaign, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will award grants to assist its eligible partners in building diesel emission reduction programs across the country that improve air quality and protect public health. For fiscal year 2008, the national amount of funding available is $49.2 million.
An idle reduction technology is defined, under the National Clean Diesel Funding Assistance Program, as the installation of a technology or device that:
- is installed on a vehicle (bus, truck, locomotive, automobile, marine vessel, equipment, etc.) or at a location, and
- is designed to provide services (such as heat, air conditioning, and/or electricity) to the vehicle or equipment that would otherwise require the operation of the main drive engine while the vehicle or equipment is temporarily parked or remains stationary, and
- reduces unnecessary idling of such vehicle or equipment.
The reduction in idling must also lower emissions.
Over the past seven years, EPA has evaluated idle reduction technologies as part of grants, cooperative agreements, emissions testing, engineering analysis, modeling, and external peer reviewed reports. To date, EPA has verified five categories of idle reduction technologies:
Verified Idle Reduction Technologies
The technologies listed below have been verified by EPA to reduce emissions from diesel powered vehicles and engines, and as a result are eligible for funding under the National Clean Diesel Campaign.
Electrified Parking Spaces (EPS)
An EPS system operates independently of the truck’s engine. In other words, the truck engine is turned off as the EPS system supplies heating, cooling, and electrical power. The EPS system provides off-board electrical power to operate either
- an independent heating, cooling, and electrical power system, or
- a truck integrated heating and cooling system.
In both cases, the EPS system reduces main engine idling by providing an alternative source of energy which results in lower emissions than the main engine.
Technologies include, but are not limited to EPS systems manufactured by the following companies: CabAire; Craufurd Manufacturing; IdleAire Technologies Corporation; Shurepower™, LLC.
Shore Connection Systems and Alternative Maritime Power (SCS/AMP)
An SCS/AMP system allows maritime vessels to “plug into” an electrical power source instead of using its diesel auxiliary engines while at port. This system also includes various components such as cables, cable management systems, shore power coupler systems, distribution control systems, and power distribution.
Technologies include, but are not limited to, the SCS/AMP manufactured by the following company: SAM Electronics (Other technologies may be approved on a case-by-case basis).
Note on Shore Connection Baseline and Offsetting Emissions
Auxiliary Power Units and Generator Sets (APU/GS)
An APU/GS device contains an EPA certified engine, as certified under 40 CFR Part 89. APU/GS devices supply cooling, heating, and electrical power to Class 8 trucks and other applications. EPA has determined through its own test program that these devices reduce emissions on pre-2007 Class 8 trucks and other applications when compared to the baseline truck’s emissions.
Technologies include, but are not limited to, the APU/GS systems manufactured by the following companies: ZTR Control Systems/Kim Hotstart Manufacturing Company (locomotives only); Teleflex Ecotrans L.P. (locomotives only); Auxiliary Power Dynamics, LLC; Black Rock Systems; Carrier Transicold; Comfort Master; Cummins; Double Eagle Industries; Flying J Inc; Frigette Truck Climate Systems; Gates Corporation; Idlebuster; IdleKleen; Kohler; Kool-Gen; Life Force, Mechron Power Systems; Pony Pack, Inc.; Rig Master Power; Star Class, Inc.; Thermo King Corporation (Ingersoll Rand); Truck Gen; Truck Mate.
Fuel Operated Heaters (FOH)
A FOH provides heat only. EPA has determined through its own test program that these devices reduce emissions on Class 8 trucks when compared to the truck’s baseline emissions. In addition, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) has approved certain FOHs for compliance with applicable California emissions standards.
Technologies include, but are not limited to, the FOHs manufactured by the following companies: Espar Heater Systems (CARB approved); Webasto Product North America, Inc. (CARB approved); Teleflex.
Battery Air Conditioning Systems (BAC)
A BAC system uses batteries to power an independent electric cooling system. These systems will also integrate a FOH to supply heating. Similar to EPS systems, BACs operate when the truck engine is turned off. EPA has evaluated BACs and finds that these systems reduce emissions on Class 8 trucks when compared to the truck’s baseline emissions.
Technologies include, but are not limited to, the BAC systems manufactured by the following companies: Autotherm Division Enthal, Bergstrom Inc.; Driver Comfort System; Dometic; DC Power Solutions; Glacier Bay; Idle Free Systems, LLC; Safer Corporation; Sun Power Technologies.
Thermal Storage Systems (TSS)
A TSS system stores energy in cold storage as the truck is driven, and then provides air conditioning when the truck is turned off. EPA has evaluated BACs and finds that these systems reduce emissions on Class 8 trucks when compared to the truck’s baseline emissions.
Technology includes, but is not limited to, the TSS system manufactured by the following company: Webasto Product North America, Inc.
General Verification Note: While EPA may have evaluated and verified a specific technology manufactured by one company as part of its review, EPA’s use of technology categories confers an approval of other company products not evaluated but considered part of that particular technology category if the product is similar in design. For example, in 2002 EPA evaluated the Espar Heater System® fuel operated heater and found this device to effectively reduce main engine idling. Webasto Product North America® manufactures a similar fuel operated heater. Consequently, both companies’ products are considered an effective technology to reduce main engine idling and are eligible for funding under the National Clean Diesel Campaign. For any questions regarding the verifiability of a product not listed above, please send an e-mail message to CleanDiesel@epa.gov. For any product not included in the five recognized categories above, EPA cannot confer its verification for funding under the National Clean Diesel Campaign. Finally, this list does not confer any EPA endorsement of the company or its products.
Note on Shore Connection Baseline and Offsetting Emissions: A method to determine baseline emissions of your project is available in the following publication: “Rulemaking to Consider Adoption of Proposed Regulations to Reduce Emissions from Diesel Auxiliary Engines on Ocean-Going Vessels while at Berth at a California Port” (Appendix B: Emission Inventory Methodology); California Air Resources Board (December 6, 2007). This report is available at www.arb.ca.gov/ports/shorepower/shorepower.htm. While this report provides information specific to California ports, the method used in this report can be used in other jurisdictions.
To determine the offsetting emissions of electrical power use from shore-side power, EPA provides the following model to assess these emissions offsets: The Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID). This is a comprehensive inventory of electric power systems which uses available plant-specific data for all U.S. electricity generating plants that provide power to the electric grid and report data to the U.S. government. The eGRID contains air emissions data for nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and mercury. The model and directions can be downloaded at www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-resources/egrid/index.html.