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Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Case Studies in Environmental Medicine (CSEM) 

Arsenic Toxicity
References


References Cited in the Text

  1. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2000a. Toxicological profile for arsenic. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
  2. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2000b. Medical management guidelines for acute chemical exposures. Vol. III. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services.
  3. Al-Mahasneh QM, Rodgers GC. 1990. An in vitro study of efficacy of activated charcoal as an adsorbent for arsenical salts [Abstract]. Presented at: International Congress on Clinical Toxicology, Poison Control and Analytical Toxicology, LUXTOX 90; 1990 May 2-5, Luxembourg.
  4. American Medical Association. 1986. Drugs used in the treatment of poisoning. In: AMA Drug Evaluations, 6th ed. Chicago: American Medical Association. p. 1641-3.
  5. Anonymous. 1987. Reduction of children's arsenic exposure following relocation-Mill Creek, Montana. MMWR 36:505-7.
  6. Anonymous. 1991. Product information: succimer (Chemet). Fort Washington (PA): McNeil Consumer Products.
  7. Anonymous. 1999a. Arsenic: medical management. TOMES CPS (Toxicology, Occupational Medicine and Environmental Series Information Services/Consolidated Point Solution), MEDITEXT [CD-ROM Version]. Englewood (CO): Micromedex, Inc.
  8. Anonymous. 1999b. Arsenic: hazard management. TOMES CPS (Toxicology, Occupational Medicine and Environmental Series Information Services/Consolidated Point Solution), HAZARDTEXT [CD-ROM Version]. Englewood (CO): Micromedex, Inc.
  9. Anonymous. 2000. Arsenic: toxicologic managements. POISINDEX [CD-ROM Version]. Englewood (CO): Micromedex, Inc.
  10. Cullen NM, Wolf LR, St. Clair D. 1995. Pediatric arsenic ingestion. Am J Emerg Med 1995;13:432-5.
  11. Daya MR, Irwin R, Parshley MC, Harding J, Burton BT. 1989. Arsenic ingestion in pregnancy [Abstract]. Vet Hum Toxicol 31:347.
  12. Fournier L, Thomas G, Garnier R, Buisine A, Houze P, Pradier F, et al. 1988. 2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid treatment of heavy metal poisoning in humans. Med Toxicol 3:499-504.
  13. Goldfrank LR, Howland MA, Kirstein RH. 1986. Heavy metals. In: Goldfrank LR, Flomenbaum NE, Lewin NA, et al., editors. Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies, 3rd ed. Norwalk (CT): Appleton-Century-Crofts. p. 609-18.
  14. Graziano JH, Cuccia D, Friedheim E. 1978. The pharmacology of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid and its potential use in arsenic poisoning. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 207:1051-5.
  15. Inns RH, Rice P. 1993. Efficacy of dimercapto chelating agents for the treatment of poisoning by percutaneously applied dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine in rabbits. Hum Exp Toxicol 12:241-6.
  16. Kersjes MP, Maurer JR, Trestrail JH. 1987. An analysis of arsenic exposures referred to the Blodgett Regional Poison Center. Vet Hum Toxicol 29:75-78.
  17. Kosnett MJ, Becker CE. 1987. Dimercaptosuccinic acid as a treatment for arsenic poisoning [Abstract]. Vet Hum Toxicol 29:462.
  18. Kreppel H, Reichl FX, Forth W, Fichtl B. 1989. Lack of effectiveness of D-penicillamine in experimental arsenic poisoning. Vet Hum Toxicol 31:1-5.
  19. Kuruvilla A, Bergeson PS, Done AK. 1975. Arsenic poisoning in childhood. An unusual case report with special notes on therapy with penicillamine. Clin Toxicol 8:535-40.
  20. Lee DC, Roberts JR, Kelly JJ, Fishman SM. 1995. Whole-bowel irrigation as an adjunct in the treatment of radiopaque arsenic [Letter]. Am J Emerg Med 13:244-5.
  21. Lenz K, Hruby K, Druml W, Eder A, Gaszner A, Kleinberger G, et al. 1981. 2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid in human arsenic poisoning. Arch Toxicol 47:241-3.
  22. Mitchell RD, Walberg CB, Gupta RC. 1989. In vitro adsorption properties of activated charcoal with selected inorganic compounds [Abstract]. Ann Emerg Med 18:444-5.
  23. Peterson RG, Rumack BH. 1977. D-penicillamine therapy of acute arsenic poisoning. J Ped 91:661-6.
  24. Roses OE, Garcia Fernandez JC, Villaamil EC, Camussa N, Minetti SA, Martinez de Marco M, et al. 1991. Mass poisoning by sodium arsenite. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 29:209-13.
  25. Snider TH, Wientjes MG, Joiner RL, Fisher GL. 1990. Arsenic distribution in rabbits after Lewisite administration and treatment with British anti-Lewisite (BAL). Fundam Appl Toxicol 14:262-72.
  26. Watson WA, Veltri JC, Metcalf TJ. 1981. Acute arsenic exposure treated with oral D-penicillamine. Vet Hum Toxicol 23:164-6.
  27. Woody NC, Kometani JT. 1948. BAL in the treatment of arsenic ingestion of children. Pediatrics 1948;1:372-8.

Other References

  1. American Medical Association. 1985. Effects of toxic chemicals on the reproductive system: arsenic. Chicago: American Medical Association. D24:AS(1-3).
  2. Armstrong CW, Stroube RB, Rubio T, Siudyla EA, Miller GB Jr. 1984. Outbreak of fatal arsenic poisoning caused by contaminated drinking water. Arch Environ Health 39:276-9.
  3. Borum DR, Abernathy CO. 1995. Human oral exposure to inorganic arsenic. In: Chappell WR, Abernathy CO, Cothern CR, editors. Arsenic exposure and health. International Conference on Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects. Chicago: Science Reviews, Inc.
  4. Chen CJ, Chuang YC, You SL, Lin TM, Wu HY. 1986. A retrospective study on malignant neoplasms of bladder, lung, and liver in blackfoot disease-endemic area in Taiwan. Br J Cancer 53:399-405.
  5. Datta DV. 1976. Arsenic and non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. Lancet 1:433.
  6. Donofrio PD, Wilbourne J, Albers JW, Rogers L, Salanga V, Greenberg HS. 1987. Acute arsenic intoxication presenting as Guillain-Barr-like syndrome. Muscle Nerve 10:114-20.
  7. Enterline PE, Henderson VL, Marsh GM. 1987. Exposure to arsenic and respiratory cancer: a reanalysis. Am J Epidemiol 125:929-38.
  8. Falk H, Caldwell GG, Ishak KG, Thomas LB, Popper H. 1981. Arsenic-related hepatic angiosarcoma. Am J Ind Med 2:43-50.
  9. Franklin M, Bean W, Harden RC. 1950. Fowler's solution as an etiologic agent in cirrhosis. Am J Med Sci 219:589-96.
  10. Hindmarsh JT, McCurdy RF. 1986. Clinical and environmental aspects of arsenic toxicity. CRC Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 23:315-47.
  11. Ishinishi N, Tsuchiya K, Vahter M, Fowler BA. 1986. Arsenic. In: Handbook on the toxicology of metals. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier. p. 43-83.
  12. Kyle RA, Pease GL. 1965. Hematologic aspects of arsenic intoxication. N Engl J Med 273:18-23.
  13. LaDou J. 1997. Occupational and environmental medicine. 2nd ed. Stamford, CT: Appleton & Lange.
  14. Lagerkvist BJ, Zetterlund B. 1994. Assessment of exposure to arsenic among smelter workers: a five-year follow-up. Am J Ind Med 25:377-88.
  15. Le Quesne PM, McLeod JG. 1977. Peripheral neuropathy following a single exposure to arsenic. J Neurol Sci 32:437-51.
  16. Murphy MJ, Lyon LW, Taylor JW. 1981. Subacute arsenic neuropathy: clinical and electrophysiological observations. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 44:896-900.
  17. Pershagan G. 1986. Sources of exposure and biological effects of arsenic. In: IARC Scientific Publication No. 71. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. p. 45-61.
  18. Schoolmeester WL, White DR. 1980. Arsenic poisoning. S Med J 2:198-208.
  19. Selzer PM, Ancel MA. 1983. Chronic arsenic poisoning masquerading as pernicious anemia. West J Med 139:219-20.
  20. Shalat SL, Walker DB, Finnell RH. 1996. Role of arsenic as a reproductive toxin with particular attention to neural tube defects. J Toxicol Environ Health 48(3):253-72.
  21. US Environmental Protection Agency. 1984. Health assessment document for inorganic arsenic. Research Triangle Park, NC: US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office. Report No. EPA/600/8-83/021F.
  22. US Environmental Protection Agency. 1988. Special report on ingested inorganic arsenic: skin cancer; nutritional essentiality. Washington: US Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Forum. Report No. EPA/625/3-87/013.
  23. Valentine JL, Kang HK, Spivey G. 1979. Arsenic levels in human blood, urine, and hair in response to exposure via drinking water. Environ Res 20:24-32.
  24. Yeh S. 1973. Skin cancer in chronic arsenicism. Hum Pathol 4(4):469-85.
  25. Yeh S, How SW, Lin CS. 1968. Arsenical cancer of skin-histologic study with special reference to Bowen's disease. Cancer 21(2):312-39.

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Revised 2000-10-30.