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Scientists are particularly interested in Saturn's moon Titan because it's one of the few known moons with its own dense atmosphere. Titan's atmosphere is also thought to be very similar to what Earth's atmosphere was a long time ago. By learning about Titan, we'll learn about our own planet.
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This site is no longer maintained. It contains historical data.

For current information about the NASA Astrobiology Program, please visit http://astrobiology.nasa.gov/


2001-06-18 | TECHNOLOGIES
A Pregnancy Test for Mars

The same technology used in home pregnancy tests may one day search for find signs of past or present life on Mars. Scientists with the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI) have proposed the Mars Immunoassay Life Detection Instrument (MILDI), a tiny biochip packed with thousands of antibodies. Just as a home pregnancy test kit uses antibodies to detect hormones, MILDI would use antibodies to recognize molecules produced by living organisms. Scientists can now create customized antibodies to react to specific molecules. The challenge is to decide which molecules to look for. One of the major goals of astrobiology is to determine what chemical traces are likely to be left behind by any living organism. Possible chemical signs of the presence of life include porphyrins, which all life forms on Earth use; hopanes, remnants of cell walls left behind by ancient bacteria; and traces of the double helix structure of DNA or similar molecules. Greg Schmidt, head of NASA's Astrobiology Integration Office, says the approach "has enormous potential," but points out that oxidants at the Martian surface probably destroy any organics there. At this point, know one knows exactly how deep to drill to get below the oxidants.


More on this story Full text of original item from NASA Astrobiology Institute, Jun 18, 2001

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The preceding news links are provided as a public service for interested users. The views and claims expressed in external internet sites are not necessarily those of NASA.

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Last Updated: November 13, 2007
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