Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS)
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Table 1
Commercial Freight Activity in the United States by Mode of Transportation: 1993, 1997, 2002*

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Mode of Transportation 1993 1997 2002
Value (billions 2000 $) (1) Tons (millions) Ton-miles (billions) Value (billions 2000 $) Tons (millions) Ton-miles (billions) Value (billions 2000 $) Tons (millions) Ton-miles (billions)
Combined total (CFS plus out-of-scope estimates) 7,197 13,357 3,639 8,518 14,854 3,904 10,460 15,815 4,506
Truck 4,684 7,275 931 5,271 8,836 1,109 6,660 9,197 1,449
Rail 278 1,580 965 366 1,612 1,066 388 1,895 1,254
Water 620 2,128 883 753 2,281 813 867 2,345 733
Air (includes truck and air) 395 7 9 654 10 15 777 10 15
Pipeline 312 1,595 593 229 1,448 617 285 1,656 753
Multimodal combinations (2) 665 231 166 935 227 212 1,111 213 226
Other and unknown modes 243 541 93 310 440 73 373 499 77
CFS component, all modes 5,862 9,688 2,421 6,860 11,090 2,661 8,468 11,573 3,204
Out-of-scope component, all modes (3) 1,335 3,669 1,218 1,658 3,764 1,243 1,992 4,242 1,301
Relative shares of components:                  
CFS % of combined total 81.4 72.5 66.5 80.5 74.7 68.2 81.0 73.2 71.1
Out-of-scope % of combined total 18.6 27.5 33.5 19.5 25.3 31.8 19.0 26.8 28.9

KEY: * 2002 data are preliminary.

(1) To compare economic changes over time, current or nominal values of currencies must be deflated or adjusted for inflation. In the United States, the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) establishes indices to calculate changes between years. These are used to calculate real chained dollars. Annual changes in the indices are chained (multiplied) together to form a time series. Chained dollars, instead of merely reflecting inflation, capture the effect of relative changes in prices and in the composition of output. They also better reflect cyclical fluctuations in the economy. Chained 2000 dollars are the most currently available indices from BEA for adjusting for inflation.

(2) Multimodal includes the traditional intermodal combination of truck and rail plus truck and water; rail and water; parcel, postal, and courier service; and other multiple modes for the same shipment.

(3) Modal details for the BTS out-of-scope supplemental data will be available when the final 2002 CFS data are released in late 2004.

NOTE: The data in this table include the Bureau of Transportation Statistics estimates of out-of-scope missing pieces. These estimates cover logging, farm-based truck shipments, truck imports from Canada and Mexico, rail imports from Canada and Mexico, air cargo imports and exports, water imports and exports, and pipeline crude and petroleum products shipments. These estimates exclude other out-of-scope categories of goods movements for which no reasonable basis for an estimate currently exists including, government shipments, service sector, retail sector, construction sector, transportation service providers, household goods movement, and municipal solid waste.

SOURCE:  U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, based on 1993, 1997, and preliminary 2002 Commodity Flow Survey data plus additional estimates from Bureau of Transportation Statistics.