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Scientists are particularly interested in Saturn's moon Titan because it's one of the few known moons with its own dense atmosphere. Titan's atmosphere is also thought to be very similar to what Earth's atmosphere was a long time ago. By learning about Titan, we'll learn about our own planet.
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This site is no longer maintained. It contains historical data.

For current information about the NASA Astrobiology Program, please visit http://astrobiology.nasa.gov/


2002-07-23 | SCIENCE
The Earth is a Tough Place

At the recent Bioastronomy 2002 conference in Australia, researchers from around the world gathered to discuss not only life in space but the evolution of life on Earth as well. Scientists are hopeful that uncovering the secrets of life’s development on our own planet may provide clues as to the potential for life on other worlds. Sessions at Bioastronomy 2002 focused on events in Earth’s geological history, including the formation of continental crust, devastating asteroid impacts and massive volcanic eruptions. Researcher Mark Harrison presented his work on zircons (rare silicon minerals) discovered in Western Australia that date back to the Hadean era. His research has helped gain new insight into the formation of the Earth’s crust, which Harrison believes occurred between 4.0 and 4.4 billion years ago. Elisabetta Pierazzo of the Planetary Science Institute in Tucson presented her findings on the more recent event of the famous asteroid impact near Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula 65 million years ago. This incident, believed to be a likely culprit in the extinction of the dinosaurs, had profound effects on Earth’s atmosphere, sending billions of tons of material into the air and cooling temperatures by 5 to 10º C (41 to 50º F) worldwide. Similar effects can be seen today in volcanic eruptions, albeit on a lesser scale. However, Mike Rampino of New York University added results of his own on far more devastating super-eruptions, in which volcanoes spew thousands of cubic kilometers of debris into the atmosphere. The most recent of these eruptions occurred only 73,000 years ago, and some scientists believe that it may have nearly wiped out the human race. These super-eruptions are thought to occur on average once every 50,000 years, meaning we may be well overdue for another. Delegates on hand at Bioastronomy 2002 have made it quite clear that Earth’s history is full of fantastic and dangerous surprises for terrestrial life—many of which we are just beginning to understand.


More on this story Full text of original item from Space.com, Jul 23, 2002

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