PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT
WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE
FAIRBORN, GREENE COUNTY, OHIO
TABLE 1: EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL PUBLIC HEALTH HAZARDS AT WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE
| Site | Site Description/Waste Disposal History | Investigation Results/Environmental Monitoring Results | Corrective Activities and/or Current Status | Evaluation of Public Health Hazard |
| Operable Unit 1 (Landfills 8 and 10) | ||||
| Landfills 8 and 10 | Operable Unit (OU) 1 is located in Woodland Hills, a residential neighborhood in the northeast section of Area B. Landfill 8 was an 11-acre disposal area operated from 1947 until the early 1970s. Landfill 10 was an 8-acre disposal area operated from 1965 to 1970. General refuse disposal, toxic and hazardous chemical disposal, acid neutralization, and fire training activities were conducted at these trench and cover landfills. There is some evidence of lead disposal. Approximately 36,000 gallons of chemical waste, unknown quantities of oily waste, and hospital wastes were received by the landfills. Drums were reportedly observed on the surface of Landfill 8. | Remedial Investigations (RIs) were conducted for OU1 and
off-site migration in March 1992 and summer 1993, respectively.
The following contamination was detected: |
Residents with private wells on National, Zink, and Kauffman
Roads were connected to the town water supply in 1994. The landfills were
capped with an impermeable layer based on a Record of Decision (ROD) issued
in July 1993. The cap follows the requirements for a Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA) Subtitle D sanitary landfill closure. A fence and
locked gate were installed around the perimeter of the landfill to prevent
access.
Landfill gases are collected and treated onsite. Leachate is collected and discharged to the Fairborn Publicly-Owned Treatment Works (POTW) for treatment. Currently, WPAFB is investigating removing the gates and fences surrounding the landfills. The landfills would be used for non-invasive recreational purposes, such as walking paths. |
Groundwater: Groundwater was not used
as a water supply on base. No exposures occurred. Air, surface soil, surface water, and sediment: No apparent health hazards were identified. Exposure was infrequent and of short duration. Exposure doses were lower than those believed to cause adverse health effects. Remedial actions prevent current and future exposures. Private wells: No apparent health hazards were identified. Contaminants were detected above CVs infrequently. Exposure doses were lower than those believed to cause adverse health effects. The USAF connected homes to municipal water in 1994, preventing current and future exposures. Hospital waste: Trench and cover practices during operation and the in-place RCRA landfill cap prevent contact with hospital wastes. |
|
Operable Unit 2 (Spill Sites 2, 3, & 10; Temporary Coal Storage Pile; Coal and Chemical Storage Area; Burial Site 1; Long Term Coal Storage Area; and Building 89 Coal Storage Pile) |
||||
| Spill Sites 2, 3, and 10 | OU2 is located in the northeastern portion of Area C. The petroleum, oil, and lubricants (POL) facility has been in operation since the mid-1940s. Spill Site 2 was identified as a result of an April 1976 spill of approximately 8,200 gallons of jet petroleum 4 (JP-4). Spill Site 3 resulted from a March 1981 release of approximately 1,200 to 2,500 gallons of number 2 fuel oil. Spill Site 10 included the release of approximately 150 gallons of JP-4 from a ruptured fuel line. Other releases of petroleum products may have occurred from leaking underground structures. | These spill sites were investigated during the OU2 RI
completed in August 1995
The following contamination was detected: |
Remedial actions were implemented at the time of each
spill.
Two free-product recovery wells operated from March 1991 to April 1995 and from October 1993 to November 1995, respectively. Approximately 1,600 gallons of petroleum products were recovered from the first well. No appreciable amount of product were recovered from the second well. In 1996, all underground piping was abandoned and two additional product recovery wells were installed. No appreciable amount of product has been recovered. A ROD was signed in 1997. The selected remedy included in-situ biodegradation of subsurface soil, natural attenuation of groundwater, continued operation and maintenance of removal actions, institutional controls, and soil and groundwater monitoring. |
Air: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. Modeling did not identify potential air contamination above
CVs from OU2. Soil: No apparent public health hazard is associated with soil since the highest concentrations were detected in the subsurface. Access restrictions have been implemented to prevent current and future exposures. Groundwater: Potential health impacts from groundwater were assessed as part of the Basewide Monitoring Program (BMP), discussed at the end of this table. Surface Water/Sediment: No apparent public health hazard was identified. Contaminants were detected infrequently and likely originated from storm water runoff and urban activities. No migration of contaminants from OU2 to Hebble Creek was identified. |
| Temporary Coal Storage Pile and Coal and Chemical Storage Area | The temporary coal pile was a 3.7 acre area used to store coal from the mid-1940s through the 1950s. The 1 acre chemical storage area held 25 1-gallon containers of muriatic and sulfuric acid and two 0.5-gallon containers of carbon tetrachloride and was active from 1940 to the early 1970s. | These sites were investigated during the OU2 RI.
Soil: Coal constituents (metals and
PAHs) were detected in soil with the highest concentrations at the surface.
|
These sites are located in a commercial/ industrial area with limited access. No further action was proposed and these sites were included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. Institutional controls are in place to restrict access to
these areas. Groundwater: No apparent health hazard was identified as no contamination originating from these sites was identified. |
| Burial Site 1 and Long Term Coal Storage Area | These two sites were identified from review of aerial photographs. The burial site encompasses 2 acres and was identified as a disposal area used from 1966 to 1971. Further investigations revealed that this area was actually an old garden plot. The 3-acre coal storage area was active for approximately 20 years until 1989. | These sites were investigated during the OU2 RI.
Soil: BTEX, PAHs, and metals associated
with coal and urban pollution were detected. |
No further action was proposed and these sites were included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent health public hazard
was identified. Institutional controls are in place to restrict access to
these areas. Groundwater: No apparent public health hazard was identified as no contamination originating from these sites was identified. |
| Building 89 Coal Storage Pile | This coal storage area, approximately 6.2 acres, was operated from 1941 to the early 1970s. | Building 89 was investigated during the OU2 RI.
Soil and Groundwater: Low levels of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) were detected in both media. |
No further action was proposed and the site was included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. Access to the site is restricted. Groundwater: No apparent public health hazard was identified. Monitoring will continue under the BMP. |
|
Operable Unit 3 (Landfills 11, 12, and 14; Fire Training Areas 2, 3, 4, and 5; Spill Site 1; and Earthfill Disposal Zones 11 and 12) |
||||
| Landfill 11 and 12 | OU3 is located along the western boundary of Area C adjacent to the Mad River. Landfill 11 was a 16-acre trench and cover operation located within an old channel of the Mad River. It was active from 1968 to 1977. Various chemicals and unknown quantities of oil wastes, solvents, and hospital wastes were disposed at this location. Landfill 12 was used for chemical disposal, acid neutralization, and hazardous material storage from 1968 to 1973. Exact quantities, types, physical state, and hazardous constituents disposed and stored at the site are unknown | These sites were investigated under the OU3 RI, completed
in July 1995. Numerous buried containers were identified at Landfill 12.
The following contamination was detected: |
Drums from both landfills were removed in 1990. Containers
at Landfill 12 were excavated and disposed between October 1997 and March
1998.
Remedial actions at Landfill 11 included surface debris removal and capping with a soil/ vegetative cover. Surface water flow controls and institutional controls were implemented. The entire contents of Landfill 12 were excavated, characterized, and disposed of off base. These sites were included in the 1998 ROD for 41-No Action Sites as complete remedial actions were considered protective of human health. |
Soil: Currently, there is no apparent
public health hazard. Remedies are in place to prevent exposure. Past exposures
were likely infrequent and of short duration, therefore the site posed no
apparent public health hazard. Groundwater: Contaminants detected in groundwater were addressed under the BMP. Surface Water and Sediment: No apparent public health hazard was identified. Concentrations were detected below levels of concern. |
| Fire Training Areas 2 and 5 | Fire Training Area 2 was operated from 1955 to 1969. Contaminated fuels were applied to the saturated ground and ignited for fire training activities. Fire Training Area 5 began service in 1981 and has only used uncontaminated fuels. Fuels were applied to water contained within a concrete area and ignited. In December 1986, approximately 2,700 gallons of jet fuel were released from a holding tank at Fire Training Area 5. | Bioremediation (1987 to 1989) and bioventing (1994) projects
were conducted to address the 1986 fuel spill at Fire Training Area 5. Both
areas were investigated during the OU3 RI.
The following contamination was detected: |
No further action was proposed and these sites were included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. These sites are located within the clear zone of an active
runway. Future development of these areas is restricted. Institutional controls
are also in place to prevent access to these areas. Groundwater: Contaminants detected in groundwater were addressed under the BMP. |
| Fire Training Areas 3 and 4 and Spill Site 1 | Fire training exercises were conducted at areas 3 and 4 between 1960 and 1980. Contaminated fuel, stored near the site, was spilled directly on the ground and ignited for training exercises. Spill Site 1 was identified as an area north of Fire Training Area 3 where 1,000 to 2,000 gallons of fuel were released in 1972. | A soil gas survey was conducted at these sites in late
1989. These sites were included in the OU3 RI.
The following contamination was detected: |
No further action was proposed and these sites were included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. These sites are located within the clear zone of an active
runway. Future development of these areas is restricted. Institutional controls
are also in place to prevent access to these areas. Groundwater: Contaminants detected in groundwater were addressed under the BMP. |
| Landfill 14 and Earthfill Disposal Zones 11 and 12 | These three landfills were likely used to dispose of construction debris. Organic muck is also suspected to be present in the two earthfill disposal zones. | These sites were assessed under the OU3 RI.
The following contamination was detected: |
These sites were included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. These sites are located within the clear zone of an active
runway. Future development of these areas is restricted. Institutional controls
are also in place to prevent access to these areas. Groundwater: No apparent public health hazard was identified as contaminants were not detected above background concentrations. |
| Operable Unit 4 (Landfills 3, 4, 6, and 7 and Central Heating Plant 2) | ||||
| Landfills 3, 4, 6, and 7, and the Drum Staging and Disposal Area | OU4 and these four landfills are located in the southern portion of Areas A and C. The landfills were operated in the 1940s and 1950s and received general refuse generated at WPAFB. The drum areas are located northwest of Landfill 7 and were identified as areas where drums were stored or disposed. | These sites were investigated under the OU4 RI, completed
in April 1995.
The following contamination was detected: |
Landfills 3 and 4 were considered to have appropriate covers in place. Soil and vegetation associated with a golf course was present at Landfill 3. A gravel and asphalt cover was present at Landfill 4. Therefore, no additional remedial actions were conducted at these sites. A presumptive remedy was implemented at Landfills 6 and 7. This included removing surface debris where necessary, installing a soil and vegetated cap, and instituting surface water and runoff controls. Drums were removed from the disposal area in 1990. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
to soil is present as landfill capping activities have limited potential
exposure to contaminants in soil. Groundwater: Contamination in groundwater was addressed under the BMP. Surface water/ sediment: No apparent public health hazard from exposure to surface water and sediment was identified. The installation of landfill caps and debris removal limits future migration of contamination to surface water bodies. |
| Central Heating Plant 2, Building 271 | This heating plant was operated from 1940 to 1980 when it was closed as part of a heating plant consolidation plan. | The site was addressed under the OU4 RI. A release of
mercury was discovered during excavations in 1996.
No contaminants above CVs were detected in any media. |
To address the release of mercury in sewer pipes, the floor drains were flushed and entombed in concrete. The sewer lines were capped. No additional actions were proposed and the site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | No apparent public health hazard was identified as no contamination above CVs was identified. |
|
Operable Unit 5 (Landfill 5, Fire Training Area 1, Burial Site 4, and Gravel Lakes Tank Site) |
||||
| Landfill 5 | OU5 is located in the southern portion of Area C, near the Huffman Dam. Landfill 5 is a 23-acre area within the Mad River 100-year floodplain that was used for disposal activities. The landfill served as a lumber reclamation area in the 1940s, a waste petroleum disposal area until 1978, and a general refuse disposal area which was closed in 1991. | A RI for OU5 was completed in February 1995.
The following contamination was detected: |
Investigations concluded that waste primarily consists
of coal ash, soil, and construction debris. The eastern portion contains
hydrocarbon contamination from weathered JP-4.
Remedial actions included installing a low permeability cap and a groundwater treatment system. The treatment system is operated to prevent further migration of contamination across base boundaries. Based on the remedial actions in place, this site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. |
Ambient Air: No exposures have or are
occurring Soil: No apparent public health hazards were identified. The site is accessed infrequently as a closed landfill and a ROD is in place. Groundwater: No apparent public health hazards were identified. WPAFB supply wells were not impacted by this source and the Huffman Damn wells affected by the site have never contributed to the water supply. A treatment system is in place. Surface Water/sediment: No apparent public health hazards were identified. Recreational use does not result in exposures likely to have adverse health effects. |
| Fire Training Area 1, Burial Site 4, and Gravel Lakes Tank Site | Fire training, conducted from 1950 to 1955, consisted of burning contaminated fuels in an area of saturated soil. The burial site contained 10 to 15 disposed drums, and sludge was reportedly burned at the tank site. | Investigations were conducted under the OU5 RI.
Soil: VOCs, SVOCs, and metals were detected
below CVs and/or background levels. |
No appreciable concentrations of contaminants were detected during investigations. These sites were included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. Contaminants were detected at levels below CVs. Groundwater: Contaminants in groundwater were addressed under the BMP. |
|
Operable Unit 6 (Landfills 1 and 2 and Earthfill Disposal Zone 1) |
||||
| Landfill 1 and 2 | OU6 is located in the southwest corner of Area B. Landfills 1 and 2 operated as surface dumps from the 1920s through the 1950s. The type, quantity, physical state, hazardous constituents, and pollutants disposed are unknown. | The landfills were investigated during the OU6 RI, completed
in December 1995.
The following contamination was detected: |
Contaminant concentrations detected in surface water and
sediment were similar to background levels. A presumptive remedy was implemented
to reduce the potential for exposure. The remedy included modifying and
maintaining existing soil and vegetative covers. Storm water runoff is also
controlled to prevent migration.
With the completion of remedial actions, these sites were included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. |
Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. The landfills were capped and access is limited by a fence
and locked gate. Groundwater: Contamination in groundwater was addressed under the BMP. Private Wells: No apparent public health hazard was identified. |
| Earthfill Disposal Zone 1 | Earthfill Disposal Zone 1 is approximately 23 acres and accepted fill material for disposal in the 1940s. Currently, a portion of this area is used as a community park maintained by the city of Riverside. | This area was evaluated during a 1992 site investigation
and the OU6 RI.
Soil: Petroleum hydrocarbons and metals
were detected. Their presence was attributed to the asphalt pathways in
the park and the nearby roadway. Low-levels of pesticides/ herbicides
were also detected. |
Based on evaluation of the contaminants and concentrations detected in soil and groundwater, no further action was deemed necessary. The earthfill disposal zone was included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. Contaminants detected in soil were attributed to current
uses of the site. Groundwater: No apparent public health hazard was identified. Contaminants in groundwater were evaluated under the BMP. |
|
Operable Unit 7 (Landfill 9) |
||||
| Landfill 9 | OU 7 is located in the northern portion of Area C, north of State Route 235. Landfill 9 is a 3 acre site located in the northeast corner of WPAFB. This landfill was operated from 1962 to 1964 and received general refuse from the base. | Field investigations were completed in November 1996.
The following contamination was detected: |
Although contaminants were detected in low concentrations, a soil and vegetated cap were constructed at Landfill 9. The intent of the cap is to minimize erosion and prevent future exposure. Access to the area is limited with a fence and locked gate. This site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. A cap was installed to prevent exposure. Future development
is limited as this site is located within the flight line of an active runway.
Groundwater: No apparent public health hazard was identified. Contaminants in groundwater were evaluated under the BMP. Sediment: No apparent public health hazard was identified. A cap was installed to prevent erosion and migration |
|
Operable Unit 8 (Spill Sites 5, 6, 7, 9, and 11, Underground Storage Tank (UST) Building 71A, and Central Heating Plant 1) |
||||
| Spill Site 5 and UST, Building 71A | OU8 is located in the northwestern section of Area B. This spill site and UST site are located adjacent to Building 71A. Petroleum fuel releases were identified in 1985 during excavation and removal of USTs. The area had been used for fuel testing since 1943. | A RI for OU8, completed in January 1997, addressed these
releases.
The following contamination was detected: |
Contaminant concentrations were below levels of concern. A bioslurper was operated from March 1997 to December 1997 for LNAPL removal. No LNAPL or BTEX were detected in groundwater after operation of the bioslurper ceased. These sites were included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. The majority of the contamination was within subsurface
soils. Groundwater: Contaminants in groundwater were evaluated under the BMP. |
| Spill Site 6 | Approximately 100 to 200 gallons of PCB-containing oil leaked from a transformer located near Building 14. | Investigations were conducted in 1988 and 1990.
Soil: PCBs were detected above CVs |
In 1986, the transformer, concrete pad, and surrounding soil were removed. Additional soil was removed in 1987 and 1991. This site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Further Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. Contaminated soils have been removed. Past exposures were
likely infrequent and of short duration, therefore the site likely posed
no apparent public health hazard. Groundwater: No PCB contamination was identified, therefore, no health hazard was identified. |
| Spill Site 7 and 9 | These spills occurred at tank farms operated from 1956 until 1992. The tanks were used to store fuels and fuel additives used in research activities. | Site investigations were conducted in the early 1990s.
Soil: Elevated levels of VOCs were detected
|
The USTs and contaminated soil were removed and disposed under the Bureau of UST Removals (BUSTR) regulations. The Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approved removal actions. These sites were included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
has been identified. Contamination was concentrated in subsurface soil.
Soil was removed and disposed of off site. Past exposures were infrequent
and of short duration, therefore, the site likely posed no apparent public
health hazard. Groundwater: No contamination above CVs was detected, therefore, no public health hazard was identified. |
| Spill Site 11 | Site spill 11 was identified at a survivability/ vulnerability range for aircraft fuel tanks and components. Testing activities have been conducted at this site since 1967. Several releases of fuels occurred at the site. | This spill site was investigated under the OU8 RI.
The following contamination was detected: |
Some removal actions were conducted when the spills occurred.
However, some contamination remains and during heavy rainfall fuels are
flushed to the surface. Remedial actions consisted of limiting migration
through installation of a french drain tied to an oil/ water separator.
Corrective actions were completed under CERCLA.
No further action is proposed for soil contamination. Soil contamination at this site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. Groundwater remediation is addressed under the BMP. |
Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. Groundwater: Contaminants in groundwater were evaluated under the BMP. Surface Water/ Sediment: No apparent public health hazard was identified. |
| Central Heating Plant 1, Building 66 | This heating plant, located in the north central section of Area B, was operated from 1930 through 1980, when it was closed as part of a heating plant consolidation. Coal served as the primary fuel. | This site was evaluated during the IRP Phase II Stage
2 Investigation.
No contaminants were detected above CVs in site media. |
The heating plant is no longer active. The coal has been removed and portions of the area have been paved. Exposure pathways are limited. This site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | No apparent public health hazards were identified as contaminants were not detected. |
|
Operable Unit 9 (Earthfill Disposal Zones 2 through 10; Burial Site 3; Central Heating Plant 5 and the Defense Reutilization Marketing Office [DRMO] Storage Yard; Deactivated Nuclear Reactor; and Radioactive Waste Burial Site) |
||||
| Earthfill Disposal Zones 2 through 10 | These disposal zones, located in the northeastern portion of Area B, range from 2 to 35 acres. They consist of fill material and small amounts of metals. Material was disposed in these areas during the 1940s. | An RI for OU9 including these sites was completed in September
1997.
The following contamination was detected: |
No further action is proposed at any of these sites. These sites were included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Air/ Surface Water/ Sediment: No apparent
public health hazard was identified as contaminants were detected below
CVs and background levels. Soil: No apparent public health hazard from soil was identified. Groundwater: Contaminants in groundwater were evaluated under the BMP. |
| Burial Site 3 | The size and exact location of Burial Site 3 is unknown. It is suspected that fuel sludge was deposited at this site. | Sampling was conducted under the OU9 RI.
Soil: No contamination above CVs was
detected |
No further action is proposed to address soil at this site as no contamination above levels of concern was detected. Groundwater was addressed under the BMP. | Soil: No contaminants above CVs were
detected, therefore, no health hazards were identified. Groundwater: Metals in groundwater were addressed under the BMP. |
| Central Heating Plant 5 and DRMO Storage Area | The heating plant, located near Kauffman Avenue, began operation in 1956 and expanded in 1980. Coal is used as the primary fuel. The DRMO storage area is located adjacent to the heating plant and is used to store numerous items. | These sites were included in the OU9 RI and a November
1996 Supplemental Investigation.
The following contamination was detected: |
Because of elevated levels of PAHs at the coal storage area, facilities were improved and upgraded. Storm water runoff controls were installed and areas were repaved or regraded. Soils containing high concentrations of PAHs in the DRMO storage area were excavated and disposed of off site. These sites were then included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazards
were identified. Remedial actions limited potential exposures. Past exposures
were likely infrequent and of short duration. Groundwater: Contaminants detected in groundwater were addressed under the BMP. |
| Deactivated Nuclear Reactor | A 10-megawatt nuclear reactor was located in the northern portion of Area B and operated from 1965 to 1970. The reactor was decommissioned in 1970. | Ongoing radiological monitoring of soil, vegetation, surface
water, and groundwater is conducted.
No radiological parameters above CVs have been detected. |
During decommissioning, the fuel rods, cooling water, and other wastes were disposed. In 1992, the primary cooling system structures were removed. No further action is proposed and this site was included in the September 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | No apparent public health hazards were identified. No contamination has been identified and ongoing monitoring is conducted. |
| Radioactive Waste Burial Site | This alleged burial site is located in the southern portion of Area B. The disposal area, which reportedly accepted radioactive waste, consisted of a concrete slab and a 24-inch diameter pipe on its end within a small fenced area. | An investigation of the area was conducted in 1990.
No elevated levels of radioactivity were detected in the concrete slab or soil. |
During investigations, it was discovered that this area served as a staging location for drum removal, versus a disposal area. The concrete slab was removed and this site was included in the ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | No apparent public health hazards were identified as no elevated levels of radioactivity were detected. |
|
Operable Unit 10 (Landfill 13; Tank Farm 49A and UST Building 119; Central Heating Plant 3 and 4; Spill Sites 4 and 8; and Building 89, Building 13 Sump Pump, and Flagpole Anomaly, East Ramp Tank Removal) |
||||
| Landfill 13 | OU10 is located in Area C south of OU2. Landfill 13 is located near Wright Avenue. This 4 to 5-acre dumpsite operated from 1922 to 1940 and accepted aircraft parts and construction debris. Currently, Landfill 13 is a paved parking area. | The RI for OU10, including Landfill 13, was completed
in December 1995.
Soil: No contaminants above CVs were
detected |
No remedial actions were proposed for this site as no contamination above CVs or background was detected. This site was included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil/ Groundwater: No apparent public health hazard was identified. |
| Tank Farm 49A and UST Building 119 | USTs and associated piping were identified as the source of fuel contamination detected in soil and groundwater. | Fuel leaks were identified during a BUSTR investigation
in the late 1980s. The site was further evaluated under the OU10 RI.
Soil: Jet fuel components were detected
below CVs |
Under BUSTR regulations, leaking tanks, piping, and soil were removed and disposed of off site. These sites were included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
exists. Contamination was concentrated in subsurface soil, which has been
excavated and disposed of off site. Groundwater: Contaminants in groundwater were evaluated under the BMP. |
| Central Heating Plant 3, Building 170 | The heating plant, which used coal as its primary source, operated from 1940 through 1980. The coal was stored on a concrete pad. Runoff was directed to the storm drainage system. A battery burial area and compressor oil sump were also identified as potential sources within this site. | This site was investigated under the OU10 RI.
Soil: SVOCs and metals were detected
|
The site is partially covered, limiting exposure to contaminated soil, and was included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard was identified. The majority of the site is paved and access is limited. Groundwater: No apparent public health hazard was identified, however, groundwater was further evaluated under the BMP. |
| Central Heating Plant 4, Building 1240 | Located along the southeastern boundary of Area A in Kitty Hawk Center, this heating plant is one of the two plants still in operation. Coal is the primary fuel and the adjacent coal pile is contained on a concrete pad with concrete walls. Runoff from the coal pile is contained and discharged to the storm sewer system. | This site was evaluated during the IRP Phase II Stage
2 Investigation.
No contaminants were detected above CVs in site media. |
No remedial actions were proposed and this site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | No apparent public health hazards were identified as contaminants were not detected above CVs. |
| Spill Site 4 | During construction of a water line within the bounds of OU10, an area of soil contaminated with fuel components was identified. The release was attributed to a former UST (removed in 1983) and its piping (removed in 1988). | This area was investigated in 1988, 1989, and 1990 under
BUSTR regulations.
Soil/ Groundwater: After contaminated soil was removed, only fuel components at concentrations below CVs were detected |
Contaminated soil and the remaining piping was removed in accordance with BUSTR regulations. No further action was required and this site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Soil/ Groundwater: No apparent public health hazard was identified. Contamination was concentrated in subsurface soil, which has been removed to limit exposure and potential migration. Groundwater was evaluated under the BMP. |
| Spill Site 8 | Two transformers, located in Area C along Route 444, were identified as the source for a release of PCB-containing oil. | Contamination was discovered when the transformers were
removed under the Military Construction Project in 1988.
Soil: PCBs were detected at a maximum concentration of 42 parts per million (ppm) |
Soil with PCB contamination above 10 ppm was excavated and removed offsite. The area of contamination above 10 ppm was approximately 6 feet by 6 feet. No further action is proposed and this site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard was identified. No significant past exposures were identified as the area of contamination was very small and access was limited. The contaminated soil has been removed, |
| Building 89, Building 13 Sump Pump, and Flagpole Anomaly | These three areas, located within OU10, were identified as potential sources of contamination based on past uses and sampling results. Building 89 contained a dry cleaner, the sump pump was used for oily wastes, and VOCs had been detected in soil gas near the flagpole. | These three sites are not designated Installation Restoration
Program (IRP) sites, but were investigated under the OU10 RI.
The following contamination was detected: |
Evaluation of sampling results indicated that these three sites were not the source of soil or groundwater contamination. Upgradient releases were identified as the possible sources. These sites were included in the 1996 ROD for 21 No Action Sites. | Soil/ Groundwater: No apparent public health hazards were identified. Observed contamination is likely from upgradient sources that have migrated through groundwater movement. Contamination in groundwater was addressed in the BMP. |
| East Ramp Tank Removal | Located in the northeast section of Area C, this concrete UST was part of a gasoline defueling system abandoned in 1970. | The site was investigated under BUSTR regulations.
Soil: Low levels of VOCs and TPH were
detected. |
The UST and contaminated soil were removed during the Military Construction Project in 1988. The Site Disposition Report concluded that no additional corrective action was needed. This site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. Contaminated soil was removed. Groundwater: No public health hazards were identified as groundwater contamination was absent. |
|
Operable Unit 11 (Burial Site 2: Chemical Disposal Area; and UST, Building 4020) |
||||
| Burial Site 2 and Chemical Disposal Areas | OU11 is located in the western portion of Area C adjacent to the Mad River. From 1971 to 1975, Burial Site 2 received sludge from cleaned fuel storage tanks. It is unknown if these sludges were containerized. The chemical disposal area was part of the surface water drainage system. Various shop wastes were discarded in drainage channels between 1963 and 1971. | A field investigation of these sites was completed in
August 1997.
Soil: PAHs, metals, and low levels of
VOCs were detected. |
The sites were evaluated based on potential land uses, which include vegetation maintenance/control at the burial site and light industrial or commercial use at the chemical disposal area. No further actions were recommended. These sites were included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Soil/ Sediment: No apparent public health
hazard was identified based on land uses. Groundwater: No contaminants were detected above CVs. Groundwater was further evaluated under the BMP. |
| UST, Building 4020 | This UST collected waste fuel and hydraulic fluid from 1956 to 1986. A leak in the UST was discovered in 1986. | The leaking UST was evaluated under the BUSTR regulations
and the IRP Phase II, Stage 2 Investigations.
Soil: TPH, xylenes, and toluene were
detected. |
When the leak was discovered in 1986, the UST and contaminated soil were removed. No further action was proposed and the site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazard
was identified. Contamination was limited to subsurface soil. Groundwater: No public health hazards were identified as contamination was not detected in groundwater. |
|
Unassigned Sites (Burial Sites 5 and 6 and Building 59) |
||||
| Burial Sites 5 and 6 | These two burial sites are located in Area B southwest of OU9. They were identified as potential hazardous waste burial sites based on aerial photographs and interviews with personnel. | A site investigation was conducted in 1997. The following
contamination was detected: Soil Gas: None detected Soil: Low levels of VOCs, SVOCs, and PAHs Groundwater: Low levels of PCE, benzene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, and PAHs |
No evidence of actual burial was found at either location. Minor concentrations of contaminants detected were attributed to upgradient sources. No further action is proposed and this site was included in the 1998 ROD for 41 No Action Sites. | Soil: No apparent public health hazards
were identified. Contaminants were detected at low concentrations and were
not associated with site activities. Groundwater: Contaminants were further evaluated under the BMP. |
| Building 59 | Located in Area B near OU8, Building 59 is an abandoned structure scheduled for removal. | In 1997, water found in the basement of this building
was sampled.
Standing Water: TCE, 1,2-DCE, and vinyl chloride were detected. |
Further investigations of this building are scheduled to commence in Fall 1998. Investigations will focus on identifying the source of the water and contamination. | No apparent public health hazards were identified. The building is abandoned and access is limited. Ongoing studies will provide additional information. |
|
Basewide Monitoring Program (BMP) |
||||
| Basewide - Areas A, B, and C | During investigations, groundwater contamination was identified throughout WPAFB. Because groundwater contamination has migrated beyond OU boundaries and plumes have commingled, a groundwater OU was established in 1996 under the BMP. The BMP focused on site-wide groundwater, surface water, and sediment contamination. | Existing data from the OU RIs and additional data were
collected and analyzed during the 1993 to 1994 BMP.
The following contamination was detected: |
An Engineering Evaluation/ Cost Analysis (EE/CA) for the groundwater OU recommended remedial actions for groundwater contamination. Contaminant plumes were identified in OU5 and the area east of Spill Site 11. Recommended actions for OU5 included continued treatment and monitoring. Long-term monitoring and in-situ oxidation was recommended at the area east of Spill Site 11, a pilot study is planned at this site. In addition, monitoring was recommended for areas with remedies in place (OU1 and OU2) and locations where contaminants exceed CVs but there are no definite plumes. A ROD is planned for 1999. | Groundwater: Although WPAFB workers and
residents were exposed to VOCs in water supply wells, no apparent public
health hazards were identified. An exposure evaluation did not identify
potentially harmful levels of contamination. The USAF treats and monitors
the water supply. The USAF also monitors groundwater contamination and has
treatment systems in place. Surface Water/sediment: Recreational users and WPAFB maintenance workers may have been exposed to contaminants in surface water and sediment. However, no apparent public health hazards were identified. Exposure is expected to be infrequent and of short duration. An exposure evaluation did not identify potentially harmful levels of contamination. |
| BMP | Basewide Monitoring Program |
| BTEX | benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes |
| BUSTR | Bureau of Underground Storage Tank Removals |
| CV | comparison value |
| 1,2-DCA | 1,2-dichloroethane |
| 1,2-DCE | 1,2-dichloroethene |
| DRMO | Defense Reutilization Marketing Office |
| EE/CA | engineering evaluation/cost analysis |
| EPA | United States Environmental Protection Agency |
| IRP | Installation Restoration Program |
| JP-4 | jet petroleum number 4 |
| LNAPL | light non-aqueous phase liquid |
| MCL | maximum contaminant level |
| NAPL | non-aqueous phase liquid |
| OEPA | Ohio Environmental Protection Agency |
| OSHA | Occupational Safety and Health Act |
| OU | operable unit |
| PAH | polyaromatic hydrocarbons |
| PCB | polychlorinated biphenyl |
| PCE | tetrachloroethylene |
| POL | petroleum, oil, and lubrication |
| POTW | publicly owned treatment works |
| ppm | parts per million |
| RCRA | Resource Conservation Recovery Act |
| RI | remedial investigation |
| ROD | record of decision |
| SVOC | semivolatile organic compound |
| TCE | trichloroethylene |
| TPH | total petroleum hydrocarbons |
| USAF | United States Air Force |
| UST | underground storage tank |
| VOC | volatile organic compound |
| CONCERN | POTENTIAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY ELEMENTS | COMMENTS | |||||
| SOURCE OF CONTAMINATION | ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIA | POINT OF EXPOSURE | ROUTE OF EXPOSURE | POTENTIALLY EXPOSED POPULATION | EXPOSURE PERIOD EVALUATED | ||
| Contaminated media at Operable Unit 1 (OU1),
(Landfills 8 and 10)
|
Debris and disposal practices at Landfills 8 and 10 | Ambient air | Housing area | Inhalation | Residents of Woodland Hills housing units | Past Current Future |
Past: Residents may have been exposed
to acetone above comparison values (CVs) but below concentrations likely
to result in adverse health effects for likely exposures. Current/Future: The U.S. Air Force (USAF) installed a gas collection system at the landfills to prevent current and future exposures. |
| Surface soil | Landfill cover | Dermal contact, Incidental ingestion |
Residents of Woodland Hills housing units | Past Current Future |
Past: Recreational users may have been
exposed to contamination above CVs, but below concentrations likely to result
in adverse health effects for likely exposures. Exposures were likely infrequent
and of short duration. Current/Future: The USAF constructed a landfill cap including a 2-foot soil cover to prevent current and future exposures. The landfills are currently surrounded by a security fence. However, the USAF is exploring the possibility of removing this fence and using the landfills for passive recreation, such as walking trails. |
||
| Surface water and sediment | Streams | Dermal contact, Incidental ingestion |
Residents of Woodland Hills housing units | Past Current Future |
Past/Current/Future: Recreational users may have been exposed to contamination above CVs, but below concentrations likely to result in adverse health effects for likely exposures. Exposures were likely infrequent and of short duration. The streams are surrounded by dense vegetation that limits site access. In addition, the USAF installed a leachate collection system to prevent exposures. | ||
| Groundwater | Private wells | Ingestion, Inhalation, Dermal contact |
Offsite residences | Past Current Future |
Past: Some residents with private wells
were exposed to contamination above CVs, but below concentrations likely
to result in adverse health effects. Current/Future: The USAF connected homes to municipal water supplies in 1994. Residents, except three, abandoned the private wells. Residents that maintain their wells use them for irrigation. |
||
| Contaminated groundwater | Spills, releases, and activities located throughout WPAFB | Groundwater | Drinking water wells | Ingestion, Inhalation, Dermal contact | Residents and employees at WPAFB; visitors to WPAFB | Past Current Future |
Past: WPAFB workers and residents were
exposed to contamination above CVs, but below concentrations likely to result
in adverse health effects. Current/Future: The USAF installed treatment systems at each water supply well and monitors the water supply to ensure contamination is not entering the system. |
| Contaminated surface water and sediment used for recreation | Spills, releases, and activities located throughout WPAFB | Surface water and sediment | Onsite and offsite surface water bodies | Dermal, Incidental ingestion |
Area residents; residents and employees at WPAFB; visitors to WPAFB | Past Current Future |
Past/Current/Future: On- and off- base recreational users may have been exposed to contamination above CVs, but below concentrations likely to result in adverse health effects. The USAF completed source removal actions and a Record of Decision (ROD) is in place for all soil contamination sites. The USAF monitors surface water runoff discharged to the Mad River under a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. The Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA) monitors the health of the Mad River and instituted a fishing advisory recommending that people limit there intake of fish caught in the Mad River. This advisory extends up- and downstream of WPAFB. |
| CV comparison value | NPDES National Pollution Discharge Elimination System | OEPA Ohio Environmental Protection Agency |
| OU operable unit | ROD record of decision | USAF United States Air Force |
| Ambient Air | Soil Comparison Values | ||||
| Chemical | Minimum Detected (ug/m3) |
Maximum Detected (ug/m3) |
Frequency of detection1 |
Value (ug/m3) |
Source |
| Acetone | 45N | 236,000NJ | 17/40 | 30,892 | EMEG child |
| Benzene | 16.6NJ | 17.6NJ | 3/40 | 0.1 | CREG |
| Dimethyl Sulfide | 2.9J | 5.1J | 4/40 | not available | |
| Methylene Chloride | 17J | 46 | 5/40 | 3 | CREG |
| PCE2 | 16.3J | 1/5 | 0.6 | CREG | |
| 1,1,2-Trichloroethane | 53.6NJ | 1/40 | 0.6 | CREG | |
| TCE | 13N | 20.5J | 3/40 | 0.6 | CREG |
| Phenanthrene3 | 0.004NJ | 0.02N | 37/40 | not available | |
| Arsenic | 0.0012J | 0.0028J | 29/40 | 0.0002 | CREG |
| Beryllium | 0.0006 | 0.0008 | 6/40 | 0.0004 | CREG |
| Chromium | 0.0061 | 1/40 | 0.00008 | CREG | |
| Lead3 | 0.0124 | 0.0202 | 16/40 | not available | |
Source: Engineering Science, Inc., 1993
| Notes: | ug/m3 | micrograms per cubic meter |
| N | data qualifier, indicates that the analyte was tentatively identified | |
| J | data qualifier, indicates that the reported concentration is estimated | |
| TCE | trichloroethylene | |
| PCE | tetrachloroethylene | |
| CREG | Cancer Risk Evaluation Guide | |
| EMEG | Environmental Media Evaluation Guide | |
| child | standard for a child |
1Frequency of detection is the times
sought/times detected.
2PCE was detected only in an upwind (background) sample.
3Phenanthrene and lead were detected below
the background concentrations (0.033NJ and 0.0205, respectively) at all sampling
locations.
TABLE 4: SUMMARY OF SURFACE SOIL DATA THAT EXCEED COMPARISON
VALUES AT OU1 (LANDFILLS 8 AND 10)
| Landfill 8 - Surface Soil | Soil Comparison Values | ||||
| Chemical | Minimum Detected (ppm) |
Maximum Detected (ppm) |
Frequency of detection1 |
Value (ppm) |
Source |
| Phenanthrene | 0.019J | 0.12J | 5/9 | not available | |
| delta-BHC | 0.0041J | 1/9 | not available | ||
| Arsenic | 6.2 | 10.9J | 9/9 | 0.5 | CREG |
| Beryllium | 0.5J | 0.9J | 9/9 | 0.2 | CREG |
| Iron | 14,900 | 24,900 | 9/9 | 23,000 | RBC-N |
| Landfill 10 - Surface Soil | Soil Comparison Values | ||||
| Chemical | Minimum Detected (ppm) |
Maximum Detected (ppm) |
Frequency of detection1 |
Value (ppm) |
Source |
| delta-BHC | 0.026J |
0.096 |
2/7 | not available | |
| gamma-Chlordane | 0.0034 | 0.65 | 6/7 | 0.5 | CREG |
| Aroclor-1254 | 0.041J | 2.3 | 4/7 | 1.0 | EMEG-child |
| Arsenic | 6.1J | 8J | 7/7 | 0.5 | CREG |
| Beryllium | 0.4J | 1J | 7/7 | 0.2 | CREG |
| Iron | 11,600 | 26,600 | 7/7 | 23,000 | RBC |
Source: Engineering-Science, Inc., 1993
| Notes: | ppm | parts per million |
| J | data qualifier, indicates that the reported concentration is estimated | |
| BHC | hexachlorocyclohexane | |
| EMEG | Environmental Media Evaluation Guide | |
| CREG | Cancer Risk Evaluation Guide | |
| RBC | Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, Risk Based Concentration | |
| child | standard for a child |
1Frequency of detection is the times sought/times detected.
TABLE 5: SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER AND SEDIMENT DATA THAT
EXCEED COMPARISON VALUES AT OU1 (LANDFILLS 8 AND 10)
| Landfill 8
Leachate Surface Water |
Landfill 8
Surface Water |
Drinking Water
Comparison Values |
||||||
| Chemical | Minimum Detected (ppb) | Maximum Detected (ppb) | Frequency of detection1 | Minimum Detected (ppb) | Maximum Detected (ppb) | Frequency of detection1 | Value (ppb) |
Source |
| Benzene | 0.5J | 3 | 2/10 | 1 | CREG | |||
| Vinyl Chloride | 0.5J | 1J | 6/10 | 0.7 | EMEG-child | |||
| bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate | 1J | 6J | 5/10 | 0.6J | 7J | 8/36 | 4.8 | RBC |
| Aldrin | 0.013J | 1/10 | 0.002 | CREG | ||||
| Arsenic | 7.5J | 199 | 10/10 | 2.2J | 31.6J | 7/36 | 0.02 | CREG |
| Barium | 238 | 1,350 | 10/10 | 700 | RMEG-child | |||
| Beryllium | 1.2J | 1.9J | 2/10 | 2J | 1/36 | 0.008 | CREG | |
| Cadmium | 7.6 | 13.1J | 2/10 | 2 | EMEG-child | |||
| Iron | 14,700 | 143,000 | 10/10 | 65J | 73,000 | 29/36 | 11,000 | RBC |
| Lead | 5.8J | 90 | 6/10 | 7.5J | 112J | 2/36 | 15 | MCL action level |
| Manganese | 442 | 1,320 | 10/10 | 8.2J | 6,230 | 33/36 | 50 | RMEG-child |
| Thallium | 2.1J | 2.3J | 2/10 | 0.4 | LTHA | |||
| Vanadium | 3.3 | 64.3 | 5/10 | 3.9J | 54.6 | 5/36 | 30 | iRMEG-child |
| TEQ for Dioxins (ppt) | 0.22 | 26 | unknown | 0.47 | RBC | |||
| Acenaphthylene | 0.011J | 0.46 | 7/40 | not available | ||||
| Benzo(a)anthracene | 0.014J | 0.88 | 25/40 | 0.87 | RBC | |||
| Benzo(a)pyrene | 0.082J | 0.190J | 2/11 | 0.017J | 1.1 | 28/40 | 0.087 | CREG |
| Benzo(b)fluoranthene | 0.016J | 1.2 | 23/40 | 0.87 | RBC | |||
| Benzo(g,h,i)perylene | 0.028J | 0.23J | 8/40 | not available | ||||
| Dibenz(a,h)anthracene | 0.023J | 0.19J | 5/40 | 0.087 | RBC | |||
| Phenanthrene | 0.057J | 0.330J | 4/11 | 0.012J | 1.0 | 33/40 | not available | |
| delta-BHC | 0.0033J | 1/38 | not available | |||||
| Endosulfan II | 0.0007J | 0.0009J | 2/38 | not available | ||||
| Endrin ketone | 0.0039 | 0.0085J | 2/38 | not available | ||||
| Arsenic | 4.6J | 72.3J | 11/11 | 1.4J | 20.7J | 40/40 | 0.5 | CREG |
| Beryllium | 0.2J | 0.8J | 6/11 | 0.2J | 0.6J | 20/40 | 0.2 | CREG |
| Cadmium | 0.9J | 12.3J | 6/40 | 10 | EMEG-child | |||
| Iron | 15,000 | 35,500 | 11/11 | 54J | 24,500J | 39/40 | 23,000 | RBC |
| Benzene | 2J | 37 | 4/4 | 1 | CREG | |||
| PCE | 5 | 14 | 2/4 | 0.7 | CREG | |||
| TCE | 18 | 100 | 2/4 | 3 | CREG | |||
| Vinyl Chloride | 0.7J | 2 | 2/4 | 0.2 | EMEG-child | |||
| Benzo(a)pyrene | 1J | 1/16 | 0.005 | CREG | ||||
| Benzo(b)fluoranthene | 1J | 1/16 | 0.092 | RBC | ||||
| Benzo(k)fluoranthene | 1J | 1/16 | 0.92 | RBC | ||||
| bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate | 1J | 6J | 5/16 | 4.8 | RBC | |||
| 4-chloro-3-methylphenol | 11 | 1/3 | not available | |||||
| Phenanthrene | 2J | 1/16 | not available | |||||
| Aldrin | 0.061J | 1/3 | 0.002 | CREG | ||||
| delta-BHC | 0.009J | 1/3 | not available | |||||
| alpha-Chlordane | 0.05J | 1/16 | 0.03 | CREG | ||||
| gamma-Chlordane | 0.05J | 1/16 | 0.03 | CREG | ||||
| 4,4'-DDE | 0.1 | 1/16 | 0.1 | CREG | ||||
| Heptachlor | 0.018J | 1/3 | 0.008 | CREG | ||||
| Antimony | 18.6J | 1/3 | 4 | RMEG-child | ||||
| Arsenic | 6.4J | 1/3 | 4.2J | 1/16 | 0.02 | CREG | ||
| Iron | 16,800 | 39,600 | 3/3 | 11,000 | RBC | |||
| Lead | 16.1J | 1/3 | 12.8J | 39.1J | 4/16 | 15 | MCL action level | |
| Manganese | 322 | 1180 | 3/3 | 6J.7J | 915 | 16/16 | 50 | RMEG-child |
| Thallium | 12.7J | 1/16 | 0.4 | LTHA | ||||
| TEQ for Dioxins (ppt) | 7.6 | unknown | 0.98 | 1.5 | unknown | 0.47 | RBC | |
| Acenaphthylene | 0.036J | 0.27J | 6/10 | not available | ||||
| Benzo(a)anthracene | 0.035J | 6.0J | 8/10 | 0.87 | RBC | |||
| Benzo(a)pyrene | 0.036J | 5.5J | 9/11 | 0.087 | CREG | |||
| Benzo(b)fluoranthene | 0.054J | 6.8J | 8/10 | 0.87 | RBC | |||
| Benzo(g,h,i)perylene | 0.940J | 1.5J | 2/10 | not available | ||||
| 4-chloro-3-methylphenol | 0.13J | 1/5 | not available | |||||
| Dibenz(a,h)anthracene | 0.15J | 0.56 | 6/10 | 0.087 | RBC | |||
| Indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene | 0.099J | 2.5 | 8/10 | 0.87 | RBC | |||
| Phenanthrene | 0.066J | 1/5 | 0.034J | 13J | 11/11 | not available | ||
| delta-BHC | 0.001J | 1/5 | not available | |||||
| Arsenic | 3.7J | 36.8J | 5/5 | 2.1J | 5.8J | 11/11 | 0.5 | CREG |
| Beryllium | 0.6J | 0.7J | 2/5 | 0.2J | 0.5J | 3/11 | 0.2 | CREG |
| Notes: | ppb |
parts per billion |
| ppt | parts per trillion | |
| J | data qualifier, indicates that the reported concentration is estimated | |
| DDE | dichlorodiphenylchloroethane | |
| TCE | trichloroethylene | |
| EMEG | Environmental Media Evaluation Guide | |
| MCL | Maximum Contaminant Level | |
| child | standard for a child | |
| RBC | Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, Risk Based Concentration | |
| ppm | parts per million | |
| TEQ | toxicity equivalents | |
| BHC | hexachlorocyclohexane | |
| PCE | tetrachloroethylene | |
| CREG | Cancer Risk Evaluation Guide | |
| LTHA | Lifetime Health Advisory | |
| RMEG | Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guide | |
| i | intermediate |
1Frequency of detection is the times sought/times detected.
TABLE 6: SUMMARY OF PRIVATE WELL DATA THAT EXCEED COMPARISON
VALUES AT OU1 (LANDFILLS 8 AND 10)
| Landfill 8 Private Wells |
Drinking Water Comparison Values |
||||
|
Chemical
|
Minimum Detected (ppb) | Maximum Detected (ppb) | Frequency of detection1 | Value (ppb) |
Source |
| Bromodichloromethane2 | 2 | 1/19 | 0.6 | CREG | |
| Chloroform2 | 49 | 1/19 | 6 | CREG | |
| Dibromochloromethane2 | 2J | 1/19 | 0.13 | RBC | |
| bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate | 0.8J | 5J | 4/18 | 4.8 | RBC |
| Arsenic3 | 3.4J | 52 | 18/19 | 0.02 | CREG |
| Manganese3 | 3.3J | 1,580 | 16/19 | 50 | RMEG-child |
| Landfill 10 Private Wells |
Drinking Water Comparison Values |
||||
|
Chemical
|
Minimum Detected (ppb) | Maximum Detected (ppb) | Frequency of detection1 | Value (ppb) |
Source |
| Heptachlor | 0.008NJ |
1/14
|
0.008
|
CREG
|
|
| Arsenic3 | 3.3J |
13.8J
|
7/12
|
0.02
|
CREG
|
| Manganese3 | 7J |
98.1
|
4/14
|
50
|
RMEG-child
|
| Notes: | ppb | parts per billion |
| J | data qualifier, indicates that the reported concentration is estimated | |
| N | data qualifier, indicates that the analyte was tentatively identified | |
| CREG | Cancer Risk Evaluation Guide | |
| RBC | Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, Risk Based Concentration | |
| RMEG | Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guide | |
| child | standard for a child |
1Frequency of detection is
the times sought/times detected.
2These chemicals belong to a class of compounds (trihalomethanes)
that are likely formed from chlorine disinfection of the water supply.
3Arsenic and manganese are naturally occurring metals in groundwater.
TABLE 7: SUMMARY OF WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB WELL DATA THAT
EXCEED COMPARISON VALUES
| Distribution System
Water Sampled between 1985 and 1988 |
Drinking Water Comparison Values |
||||
|
Chemical
|
Minimum
Detected (ppb) |
Maximum
Detected (ppb) |
Frequency of detection | Value (ppb) |
Source |
| Bromodichloromethane 2 | 0.26 | 18.7 | 81/522 | 0.6 | CREG |
| Chloroform 2 | 0.24 | 57.7 | 144/522 | 6 | CREG |
| Dibromochloromethane 2 | 0.8 | 32 | 77/522 | 0.4 | CREG |
| Bromoform2 | 0.31 | 17 | 64/522 | 4 | CREG |
| PCE | 0.22 | 76.6 | 179/522 | 0.7 | CREG |
| TCE | 0.22 | 21.3 | 341/522 | 3 | CREG |
| Carbon tetrachloride | 0.23 | 2.8 | 51/522 | 0.3 | CREG |
| Vinyl chloride | 0.6 | 1.89 | 2/522 | 0.2 | EMEG-child |
| 1,1-Dichloroethene | 0.26 | 1/522 | 0.06 | CREG | |
| Untreated Water Sampled in 1991 |
Drinking Water Comparison Values |
||||
|
Chemical
|
Minimum Detected (ppb) | Maximum Detected (ppb) | Frequency of detection | Value (ppb) |
Source |
| Bromodichloromethane | 1 | 2.7 | 4/12 | 0.6 | CREG |
| Carbon tetrachloride | 0.9 | 1/12 | 0.3 | CREG | |
| Dibromochloromethane | 1.4 | 3.5 | 4/12 | 0.4 | CREG |
| PCE | 1.2 | 31.1 | 6/12 | 0.7 | CREG |
| TCE | 0.6 | 5.7 | 10/12 | 3 | CREG |
| Treated Water Sampled in 1998 |
Drinking Water Comparison Values |
||||
|
Chemical
|
Minimum
Detected (ppb) |
Maximum
Detected (ppb) |
Frequency of detection | Value (ppb) |
Source |
| Bromodichloromethane 2 | 0.7 | 13 | 6/6 | 0.6 | CREG |
| Chloroform 2 | 0.9 | 37 | 5/6 | 6 | CREG |
| Dibromochloromethane 2 | 1.3 | 8.7 | 6/6 | 0.4 | CREG |
| Notes: | ppb | parts per billion |
| PCE | tetrachloroethylene | |
| EMEG | Environmental Media Evaluation Guide | |
| TCE |
trichloroethylene |
|
| CREG | Cancer Risk Evaluation Guide | |
| child | standard for a child |
1Frequency of detection is
the times sought/times detected.
2These chemicals belong to a class of compounds (trihalomethanes)
that are likely formed from chlorine disinfection of the water supply.
TABLE 8: SUMMARY OF SURFACE WATER, SEDIMENT, AND FISH TISSUE
DATA THAT EXCEED COMPARISON VALUES
| Surface Water | Drinking Water Comparison Values | ||||
|
Chemical
|
Minimum Detected (ppb) | Maximum Detected (ppb) | Frequency of detection1 | Value (ppb) |
Source |
| bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate | 1J | 7 | unknown | 7.8 | RBC |
| Pentachlorophenol | 5 | 120 | unknown | 0.3 | CREG |
| alpha-BHC | 0.02 | unknown | 0.006 | CREG | |
| Antimony | 7.7 | 40.2 | unknown | 4 | RMEG-child |
| Arsenic | 1.2 | 10.6 | unknown | 0.02 | CREG |
| Beryllium | 1.2 | 1.9 | unknown | 0.008 | CREG |
| Iron | 37.7 | 21,000 | unknown | 11,000 | RBC |
| Lead | 1.2 | 150 | unknown | 15 | MCL-action level |
| Manganese | 2.3 | 1,880 | unknown | 50 | RMEG-child |
| Thallium | 3,000 | unknown | 400 | LTHA | |
| Sediment | Soil Comparison Values | ||||
|
Chemical
|
Minimum Detected (ppm) | Maximum Detected (ppm) | Frequency of detection1 | Value (ppm) |
Source |
| Acenaphthylene | 0.05 | 0.083 | unknown | not available | |
| Benzo(a)anthracene | 0.045 | 22 | unknown | 0.87 | RBC |
| Benzo(a)pyrene | 0.1 | 4.5 | unknown | 0.1 | CREG |
| Benzo(b)fluoranthene | 0.150 | 3.4 | unknown | 0.87 | RBC |
| Benzo(g,h,i)perylene | 0.054 | 2.5 | unknown | not available | |
| Dibenz(a,h)anthracene | 0.097 | 1.2 | unknown | 0.087 | RBC |
| Indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene | 0.06 | 3.1 | unknown | 0.87 | RBC |
| Phenanthrene | 0.053 | 39 | unknown | not available | |
| Endosulfan II | 0.012J | unknown | not available | ||
| Endrin aldehyde | 0.0059J | 0.024J | unknown | not available | |
| Endrin ketone | 0.01J | 0.12J | unknown | not available | |
| Endosulfan sulfate | 0.0063J | unknown | not available | ||
| Heptachlor epoxide | 0.19 | unknown | 0.08 | CREG | |
| Arsenic | 4.6 | 38.2 | unknown | 0.5 | CREG |
| Beryllium | 0.2 | 2.5 | unknown | 0.2 | CREG |
| Cadmium | 1.1 | 16.5 | unknown | 10 | EMEG-child |
| Iron | 4,878 | 75,600 | unknown | 23,000 | RBC |
| Lead | 5.7 | 564 | unknown | 400 | EPA SSL |
| TEQ for Dioxins (ppt) | 2.91 | 75.93 | 10/10 | 50 | ATSDR policy |
| Fish Tissue | Fish Tissue Comparison Values | ||||
|
Chemical
|
Minimum Detected (ppm) | Maximum Detected (ppm) | Frequency of detection1 | Value (ppm) |
Source |
| Aroclor-1254 | 0.16 | 0.42 | 3/6 | 0.0016 | RBC |
| Total PCBs | 0.16 | 0.42 | 3/6 | 0.0016 | RBC |
| Lead | 0.45 | 1/6 | not available | ||
Source: Engineering Science, Inc., 1995; OEPA, 1994; USGS,
1996
| Notes: | ppt | parts per trillion |
| ppb | parts per million | |
| ppm | parts per million | |
| TEQ | toxicity equivalents | |
| J | data qualifier, indicates that the reported concentration is estimated | |
| ATSDR | Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry | |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency | |
| BHC | hexachlorocyclohexane | |
| PCB | polychlorinated biphenyls | |
| CREG | Cancer Risk Evaluation Guide | |
| EMEG | Environmental Media Evaluation Guide | |
| LTHA | Lifetime Health Advisory | |
| MCL | Maximum Contaminant Level | |
| policy | ATSDR policy for Dioxins in Soil (Interim Policy Guidance) | |
| RBC | Environmental Protection Agency, Region III, Risk Based Concentration | |
| RMEG | Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guide | |
| SSL | Soil Screening Level | |
| child | standard for a child |
1Frequency of detection is the times sought/times detected.
Next Section Table
of Contents
