n-Heptane (CASRN 142-82-5)
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0607
n-Heptane;
CASRN 142-82-5
Health assessment information on a chemical substance is included in IRIS
only after a comprehensive review of chronic toxicity data by U.S. EPA
health scientists from several Program Offices and the Office of Research
and Development. The summaries presented in Sections I and II represent
a consensus reached in the review process. Background information and
explanations of the methods used to derive the values given in IRIS are
provided in the Background Documents.
STATUS OF DATA FOR n-Heptane
File First On-Line 01/01/1993
Category (section) |
Status |
Last Revised |
---|---|---|
Oral RfD Assessment (I.A.) | no data | |
Inhalation RfC Assessment (I.B.) | no data | |
Carcinogenicity Assessment (II.) | on-line | 12/01/1996 |
_I. Chronic Health Hazard Assessments for Noncarcinogenic Effects
_I.A. Reference Dose for Chronic Oral Exposure (RfD)
Substance Name — n-Heptane
CASRN — 142-82-5
Not available at this time.
_I.B. Reference Concentration for Chronic Inhalation Exposure (RfC)
Substance Name — n-Heptane
CASRN — 142-82-5
Not available at this time.
_II. Carcinogenicity Assessment for Lifetime Exposure
Substance Name — n-Heptane
CASRN — 142-82-5
Last Revised — 12/01/1996
Section II provides information on three aspects of the carcinogenic assessment for the substance in question; the weight-of-evidence judgment of the likelihood that the substance is a human carcinogen, and quantitative estimates of risk from oral exposure and from inhalation exposure. The quantitative risk estimates are presented in three ways. The slope factor is the result of application of a low-dose extrapolation procedure and is presented as the risk per (mg/kg)/day. The unit risk is the quantitative estimate in terms of either risk per ug/L drinking water or risk per ug/cu.m air breathed. The third form in which risk is presented is a drinking water or air concentration providing cancer risks of 1 in 10,000, 1 in 100,000 or 1 in 1,000,000. The rationale and methods used to develop the carcinogenicity information in IRIS are described in The Risk Assessment Guidelines of 1986 (EPA/600/8-87/045) and in the IRIS Background Document. IRIS summaries developed since the publication of EPA's more recent Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment also utilize those Guidelines where indicated (Federal Register 61(79):17960-18011, April 23, 1996). Users are referred to Section I of this IRIS file for information on long-term toxic effects other than carcinogenicity.
_II.A. Evidence for Human Carcinogenicity
__II.A.1. Weight-of-Evidence Characterization
Classification — D; not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity.
Basis — No human data and no animal data available.
__II.A.2. Human Carcinogenicity Data
None.
__II.A.3. Animal Carcinogenicity Data
None.
__II.A.4. Supporting Data for Carcinogenicity
Brooks et al. (1988) reported that n-heptane gave negative results in several genotoxicity assays. No increases in reverse mutations were observed in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98, and TA100 and Escherichia coli strains WP2 and WP2 uvr A exposed to n-heptane at concentrations of up to 250 ug/mL in a pre-incubation assay. Assays were performed with and without rat liver S9 preparations. n-Heptane (up to 5 mg/mL) did not induce gene conversion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae JD1 either in the presence or absence of rat liver S9 preparation. No increase was observed in chromosome aberrations in the rat liver epithelial cell line RL4 when exposed to n-heptane at concentrations up to 10 ug/mL.
_II.B. Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Oral Exposure
None.
_II.C. Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Inhalation Exposure
None.
_II.D. EPA Documentation, Review, and Contacts (Carcinogenicity Assessment)
__II.D.1. EPA Documentation
Source Document — U.S. EPA, 1989
The 1989 Health and Environmental Effects Document for n-Heptane has received full review from the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment and from the Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances.
__II.D.2. EPA Review (Carcinogenicity Assessment)
Agency Work Group Review — 07/25/1991
Verification Date — 07/25/1991
Screening-Level Literature Review Findings — A screening-level review conducted by an EPA contractor of the more recent toxicology literature pertinent to the cancer assessment for n-Heptane conducted in September 2002 did not identify any critical new studies. IRIS users who know of important new studies may provide that information to the IRIS Hotline at hotline.iris@epa.gov or (202)566-1676.
__II.D.3. EPA Contacts (Carcinogenicity Assessment)
Please contact the IRIS Hotline for all questions concerning this assessment or IRIS, in general, at (202)566-1676 (phone), (202)566-1749 (FAX) or hotline.iris@epa.gov (internet address).
_III.
[reserved]
_IV. [reserved]
_V. [reserved]
_VI. Bibliography
Substance Name — n-Heptane
CASRN — 142-82-5
Last Revised — 01/01/1993
_VI.A. Oral RfD References
None
_VI.B. Inhalation RfD References
None
_VI.C. Carcinogenicity Assessment References
Brooks, T.M., A.L. Meyer and D.W. Hutson. 1988. The genetic toxicology of some hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents. Mutagenesis. 3(3): 227-232.
U.S. EPA. 1989. Health and Environmental Effects Document for n-Heptane. Prepared by the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH for the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, DC.
_VII. Revision History
Substance Name — n-Heptane
CASRN — 142-82-5
Date |
Section |
Description |
---|---|---|
09/01/1991 | II. | Carcinogenicity assessment now under review |
01/01/1993 | II. | Carcinogenicity assessment on-line |
07/01/1993 | II.D.1. | Other EPA Documentation heading removed |
12/01/1996 | II.D.3. | Secondary contact removed |
04/01/1997 | III., IV., V. | Drinking Water Health Advisories, EPA Regulatory Actions, and Supplementary Data were removed from IRIS on or before April 1997. IRIS users were directed to the appropriate EPA Program Offices for this information. |
12/03/2002 | II.D.2. | Screening-Level Literature Review Findings message has been added. |
_VIII. Synonyms
Substance Name — n-Heptane
CASRN — 142-82-5
Last Revised — 01/01/1993
- 142-82-5
- Heptane
- AI3-28784
- Eptani [Italian]
- Heptan [Polish]
- Heptanen [Dutch]
- Heptyl hydride
- HSDB 90
- n-Heptane
- Skellysolve C