Propanil (CASRN 709-98-8)
view QuickView

0186
Propanil;
CASRN 709-98-8
Health assessment information on a chemical substance is included in IRIS
only after a comprehensive review of chronic toxicity data by U.S. EPA
health scientists from several Program Offices and the Office of Research
and Development. The summaries presented in Sections I and II represent
a consensus reached in the review process. Background information and
explanations of the methods used to derive the values given in IRIS are
provided in the Background Documents.
STATUS OF DATA FOR Propanil
File First On-Line 03/31/1987
Category (section) |
Status |
Last Revised |
---|---|---|
Oral RfD Assessment (I.A.) | on-line | 01/01/1992 |
Inhalation RfC Assessment (I.B.) | no data | |
Carcinogenicity Assessment (II.) | no data |
_I. Chronic Health Hazard Assessments for Noncarcinogenic Effects
_I.A. Reference Dose for Chronic Oral Exposure (RfD)
Substance Name — Propanil
CASRN — 709-98-8
Last Revised — 01/01/1992
The oral Reference Dose (RfD) is based on the assumption that thresholds
exist for certain toxic effects such as cellular necrosis. It is expressed
in units of mg/kg-day. In general, the RfD is an estimate (with uncertainty
spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily exposure to the human
population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without
an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. Please refer
to the Background Document for an elaboration of these concepts. RfDs
can also be derived for the noncarcinogenic health effects of substances
that are also carcinogens. Therefore, it is essential to refer to other
sources of information concerning the carcinogenicity of this substance.
If the U.S. EPA has evaluated this substance for potential human carcinogenicity,
a summary of that evaluation will be contained in Section II of this file.
__I.A.1. Oral RfD Summary
Critical Effect |
Experimental Doses* |
UF |
MF |
RfD |
---|---|---|---|---|
Increased relative 2-Year Rat Feeding Rohm and Haas Co., |
NOEL: 100 ppm LEL: 400 ppm |
1000
|
1
|
5E-3
mg/kg/day |
*Dose Conversion Factors & Assumptions: 1 ppm diet = 0.05 mg/kg/day
__I.A.2. Principal and Supporting Studies (Oral RfD)
Rohm and Haas Company. 1964a. MRID No. 00015419, 00134002, 00036089; HED
Doc. No. 000418, 000422. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington,
D.C. 20460.
Groups of 25 male and 25 female Wistar rats were fed 0, 100, 400, and 1600 ppm
of propanil in the diets for 2 years. At 400 ppm, there was increased
relative spleen weight in females. There were no compound related
histological effects, however numerous animals were not examined.
Additional evidence for considering the spleen and liver as target organs in
rodents can be seen in the 90-day mouse study and 90-day rat study. At the
LEL of 200 ppm (30 mg/kg/day) in mice, histologic effects in the liver and
spleen were observed. At higher levels [1600 ppm (240 mg/kg/day) and 12,800
ppm (1920 mg/kg/day)] histologic effects, increased liver and spleen weights,
cyanosis, and methemoglobinemia were observed. The NOEL for the study was 25
ppm (3.75 mg/kg/day). In the 90-day rat study, at the LEL of 1000 ppm (50
mg/kg/day), there was increased relative spleen weight in females and
decreased hemoglobin males. The NOEL was 330 ppm (16.5 mg/kg/day).
Additionally, in the 2-year dog study, the liver is indicated as the target
organ by increased SGOT and SAP values. Therefore both short term and long
term data support the conclusion that the spleen and liver are target organs.
The increased relative spleen weight in females at 400 ppm (20 mg/kg/day) in
the 2-year rat study could be correlated with histological effects in that
organ in other studies.
__I.A.3. Uncertainty and Modifying Factors (Oral RfD)
UF — An uncertainty factor of 100 was used to account for the inter- and
intraspecies differences. An additional UF of 10 was used to account for the
lack of an adequate toxicity database.
MF — None
__I.A.4. Additional Studies/Comments (Oral RfD)
During review of the chronic mouse feeding study, as part of the Propanil
Registration Standard, it was observed that the 85.4% technical produced
increased incidences of moderate to severe bilateral retinal degeneration in
both males and females of the 180 ppm group. The same dose level (180 ppm) of
a higher purity technical did not produce this effect in females, and caused a
less severe effect in males. Additional data are required to clarify this
issue.
Data Considered for Establishing the RfD:
1) 2-Year Feeding - rat: Principal study - see previous description; core
grade supplementary
2) 2-Year Feeding - dog: NOEL=600 ppm (15 mg/kg/day); LEL=4000 ppm (100
mg/kg/day) (decreased body weight and increase in SGOT and SAP); core grade
supplementary (Rohm & Haas, 1964b)
3) 3-Generation Reproduction - rat: NOEL=300 ppm (15 mg/kg/day); LEL=1000 ppm
(50 mg/kg/day) (decreased parental body weight); core grade minimum (Rohm &
Haas, 1966)
4) Teratology - rat: NOEL=20 mg/kg/day; LEL=100 mg/kg/day (decreased pup
size, delayed ossification); core grade minimum (Rohm & Haas, 1980a)
5) Teratology - rabbit: Developmental NOEL=20 mg/kg/day; Developmental
LEL=100 mg/kg/day; core grade minimum (Rohm & Haas, 1980b)
Data Gaps: 1) Chronic Rat Feeding Study; 2) Chronic Dog Feeding Study
__I.A.5. Confidence in the Oral RfD
Study — Medium
Database — Medium
RfD — Medium
The critical study appears to be of fair quality and is given a medium confidence rating. Since the database on chronic toxicity lacks an adequate chronic rat and dog feeding study, confidence in the database can be considered medium to low. Medium confidence in the RfD follows.
__I.A.6. EPA Documentation and Review of the Oral RfD
Registration Files
Registration Standard, August 1987
Agency Work Group Review — 09/02/1986, 08/12/1987
Verification Date — 08/12/1987
Screening-Level Literature Review Findings — A screening-level review conducted by an EPA contractor of the more recent toxicology literature pertinent to the RfD for Propanil conducted in September 2002 identified one or more significant new studies. IRIS users may request the references for those studies from the IRIS Hotline at hotline.iris@epa.gov or (202)566-1676.
__I.A.7. EPA Contacts (Oral RfD)
Please contact the IRIS Hotline for all questions concerning this assessment or IRIS, in general, at (202)566-1676 (phone), (202)566-1749 (FAX) or hotline.iris@epa.gov (internet address).
_I.B. Reference Concentration for Chronic Inhalation Exposure (RfC)
Substance Name — Propanil
CASRN — 709-98-8
Not available at this time.
_II. Carcinogenicity Assessment for Lifetime Exposure
Substance Name — Propanil
CASRN — 709-98-8
This substance/agent has not undergone a complete evaluation and determination under US EPA's IRIS program for evidence of human carcinogenic potential.
_III.
[reserved]
_IV. [reserved]
_V. [reserved]
_VI. Bibliography
Substance Name — Propanil
CASRN — 709-98-8
Last Revised — 01/01/1992
_VI.A. Oral RfD References
Rohm and Haas Company. 1964a. MRID No. 00015419, 00134002, 00036089; HED Doc. No. 000418, 000422. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, D.C. 20460.
Rohm and Haas Company. 1964b. MRID No. 00036090, 00132749; HED Doc. No. 000418, 000422. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, D.C. 20460.
Rohm and Haas Company. 1966. MRID No. 00036091; HED Doc. No. 000418, 000422. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, D.C. 20460.
Rohm and Haas Company. 1980a. MRID No. 00029940, 00134002, 00029941, 00058588; HED Doc. No. 000425. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, D.C. 20460.
Rohm and Haas Company. 1980b. MRID No. 00058589; HED Doc. No. 000425. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, D.C. 20460.
_VI.B. Inhalation RfC References
None
_VI.C. Carcinogenicity Assessment References
None
_VII. Revision History
Substance Name — Propanil
CASRN — 709-98-8
Date |
Section |
Description |
---|---|---|
03/01/1988 | I.A. | Oral RfD summary replaced - RfD changed |
01/01/1992 | I.A.4. | Citations added |
01/01/1992 | IV. | Regulatory Action section on-line |
01/01/1992 | VI. | Bibliography on-line |
04/01/1997 | III., IV., V. | Drinking Water Health Advisories, EPA Regulatory Actions, and Supplementary Data were removed from IRIS on or before April 1997. IRIS users were directed to the appropriate EPA Program Offices for this information. |
12/03/2002 | I.A.6. | Screening-Level Literature Review Findings message has been added. |
_VIII. Synonyms
Substance Name — Propanil
CASRN — 709-98-8
Last Revised — 03/31/1987
- 709-98-8
- BAY 30130
- CHEM RICE
- CRYSTAL PROPANIL-4
- DCPA
- 3',4'-DICHLOROPHENYLPROPIONANILIDE
- DICHLOROPROPIONANILIDE
- 3,4-DICHLOROPROPIONANILIDE
- DIPRAM
- DPA
- FARMCO PROPANIL
- FW 734
- GRASCIDE
- HERBAX TECHNICAL
- MONTROSE PROPANIL
- N-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)PROPANAMIDE
- N-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)PROPIONAMIDE
- PROPANAMIDE, N-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-
- PROPANEX
- PROPANID
- PROPANIDE
- Propanil
- PROPIONANILIDE, 3',4'-DICHLORO-
- PROPIONIC ACID 3,4-DICHLOROANILIDE
- PROP-JOB
- RISELECT
- ROGUE
- ROSANIL
- S 10165
- STAMPEDE
- STAMPEDE 3E
- STAM SUPERNOX
- STREL
- SUPERNOX
- SURCOPUR
- SURPUR
- VERTAC