delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH) (CASRN 319-86-8)
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0163
delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH);
CASRN 319-86-8
Health assessment information on a chemical substance is included in IRIS
only after a comprehensive review of chronic toxicity data by U.S. EPA
health scientists from several Program Offices and the Office of Research
and Development. The summaries presented in Sections I and II represent
a consensus reached in the review process. Background information and
explanations of the methods used to derive the values given in IRIS are
provided in the Background Documents.
STATUS OF DATA FOR delta-HCH
File First On-Line 03/31/1987
Category (section) |
Status |
Last Revised |
---|---|---|
Oral RfD Assessment (I.A.) | no data | |
Inhalation RfC Assessment (I.B.) | no data | |
Carcinogenicity Assessment (II.) | on-line | 07/01/1993 |
_I. Chronic Health Hazard Assessments for Noncarcinogenic Effects
_I.A. Reference Dose for Chronic Oral Exposure (RfD)
Substance Name — delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH)
CASRN — 319-86-8
Not available at this time.
_I.B. Reference Concentration for Chronic Inhalation Exposure (RfC)
Substance Name — delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH)
CASRN — 319-86-8
Not available at this time.
_II. Carcinogenicity Assessment for Lifetime Exposure
Substance Name — delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH)
CASRN — 319-86-8
Last Revised — 07/01/1993
Section II provides information on three aspects of the carcinogenic assessment for the substance in question; the weight-of-evidence judgment of the likelihood that the substance is a human carcinogen, and quantitative estimates of risk from oral exposure and from inhalation exposure. The quantitative risk estimates are presented in three ways. The slope factor is the result of application of a low-dose extrapolation procedure and is presented as the risk per (mg/kg)/day. The unit risk is the quantitative estimate in terms of either risk per ug/L drinking water or risk per ug/cu.m air breathed. The third form in which risk is presented is a drinking water or air concentration providing cancer risks of 1 in 10,000, 1 in 100,000 or 1 in 1,000,000. The rationale and methods used to develop the carcinogenicity information in IRIS are described in The Risk Assessment Guidelines of 1986 (EPA/600/8-87/045) and in the IRIS Background Document. IRIS summaries developed since the publication of EPA's more recent Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment also utilize those Guidelines where indicated (Federal Register 61(79):17960-18011, April 23, 1996). Users are referred to Section I of this IRIS file for information on long-term toxic effects other than carcinogenicity.
_II.A. Evidence for Human Carcinogenicity
__II.A.1. Weight-of-Evidence Characterization
Classification — D; not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity
__II.A.2. Human Carcinogenicity Data
None.
__II.A.3. Animal Carcinogenicity Data
No neoplastic or nonneoplastic effects were noted in livers of male dd mice or Wistar rats given dietary delta-HCH at concentrations ranging from 100-1000 ppm (Ito et al., 1975, 1973a,b; Nagasaki et al., 1972). Both of these studies utilized small numbers of animals treated for 24 weeks and examined only livers. Goto et al. (1972) observed increased incidence of benign and malignant hepatomas in ICR-JCL mice fed for 26 weeks with a 600 ppm mixture of delta- and epsilon-HCH. Individual isomers were not tested.
__II.A.4. Supporting Data for Carcinogenicity
delta-HCH is structurally related to carcinogenic HCH.
_II.B. Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Oral Exposure
Not available.
_II.C. Quantitative Estimate of Carcinogenic Risk from Inhalation Exposure
Not available.
_II.D. EPA Documentation, Review, and Contacts (Carcinogenicity Assessment)
__II.D.1. EPA Documentation
Source Document — U.S. EPA, 1986
The 1986 Health and Environmental Effects Profile has received an Agency review.
__II.D.2. EPA Review (Carcinogenicity Assessment)
Agency Work Group Review — 12/17/1986
Verification Date — 12/17/1986
Screening-Level Literature Review Findings — A screening-level review conducted by an EPA contractor of the more recent toxicology literature pertinent to the cancer assessment for delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH) conducted in August 2003 did not identify any critical new studies. IRIS users who know of important new studies may provide that information to the IRIS Hotline at hotline.iris@epa.gov or 202-566-1676.
__II.D.3. EPA Contacts (Carcinogenicity Assessment)
Please contact the IRIS Hotline for all questions concerning this assessment or IRIS, in general, at (202)566-1676 (phone), (202)566-1749 (FAX) or hotline.iris@epa.gov (internet address).
_III.
[reserved]
_IV. [reserved]
_V. [reserved]
_VI. Bibliography
Substance Name — delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH)
CASRN — 319-86-8
Last Revised — 08/01/1991
_VI.A. Oral RfD References
None
_VI.B. Inhalation RfD References
None
_VI.C. Carcinogenicity Assessment References
Goto, M., M. Hattori, T. Miyagawa and M. Enomoto. 1972. Contribution on ecological chemistry. II. Formation of hepatoma in mice after ingestion of HCH isomers in high doses. Chemosphere. 1(6): 279-282.
Ito, N., H. Nagasaki, H. Aoe, et al. 1975. Brief communication: Development of hepatocellular carcinomas in rats treated with benzene hexachloride. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 54(3): 801-805.
Ito, N., H. Nagasaki, M. Arai, S. Sugihara and S. Makiua. 1973a. Histologic and ultrastructural studies on the hepatocarcinogenicity of benzene hexachloride. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 51(3): 817-826.
Ito, N., H. Nagasaki, M. Arai, S. Makiura, S. Sugihara and K. Hirao. 1973b. Histopathologic studies on liver tumorigenesis induced in mice by technical polychlorinated biphenyls and its promoting effect on liver tumors induced by benzene hexachloride. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 51(5): 1637-1646.
Nagasaki, H., S. Tomii, T. Mega, M. Marugami and N. Ito. 1972. Proc. 2nd Int. Symp. Princess Takamatsu Cancer Research Fund. In: Topics in Chemical Carcinogenesis, W. Nakahara, et al., Ed. XIX+530P Illus. University Park Press, Baltimore, MD, USA; Tokyo, Japan. p. 343-353.
U.S. EPA. 1986. Health and Environmental Effects Profile for Hexachlorocyclohexanes. Prepared by the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cincinnati, OH for the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, DC.
_VII. Revision History
Substance Name — delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH)
CASRN — 319-86-8
Date |
Section |
Description |
---|---|---|
08/01/1991 | IV.F.1. | EPA contact changed |
08/01/1991 | VI. | Bibliography on-line |
01/01/1992 | IV. | Regulatory actions updated |
07/01/1993 | II.D.3. | Secondary contact's phone number changed |
04/01/1997 | III., IV., V. | Drinking Water Health Advisories, EPA Regulatory Actions, and Supplementary Data were removed from IRIS on or before April 1997. IRIS users were directed to the appropriate EPA Program Offices for this information. |
10/28/2003 | II.D.2. | Screening-Level Literature Review Findings message has been added. |
_VIII. Synonyms
Substance Name — delta-Hexachlorocyclohexane (delta-HCH)
CASRN — 319-86-8
Last Revised — 03/31/1987
- 319-86-8
- delta-BENZENEHEXACHLORIDE
- delta-BHC
- CYCLOHEXANE, delta-1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXACHLORO-
- CYCLOHEXANE, 1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXACHLORO-, delta-isomer
- ENT 9,234
- delta-HCH
- 1-alpha,2-alpha,3-alpha,4-beta,5-alpha,6-beta-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE
- Hexachlorocyclohexane, delta-
- delta-1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE
- delta-(aeeeee)-1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE
- delta-LINDANE