| Agripedia: Animals |
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| Brands |
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Who must comply?
Although brands are not required in Oregon, the law does mandate an inspection of all cattle and horses, both branded and unbranded, before being hauled out of state; before being sold at an auction; and before being taken to a slaughter house. A change of ownership inspection is required on cattle 30 days and older. The responsibility for recording brands and inspecting livestock belongs to the Oregon Department of Agriculture, Animal Health and Identification Division. While branding is not mandatory in Oregon, the department recommends that livestock owners use brands because they serve as a deterrent to theft. Brands also help inspectors trace stray livestock. If you elect to brand your livestock, you must record the brand with the department. It is unlawful to brand livestock with an unrecorded brand.
Recording a brand
There are two ways to submit new brands for approval:
Send a letter with drawings of your designs to:
Oregon Department of Agriculture
State brand recorder
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem OR 97301-2532
Submit a completed livestock brand request form, available online or from your local brand inspector or auction yard.
Note: The fee to record a brand is $25, plus a prorated share of the renewal fee, per brand location for cattle, sheep, and horses. Livestock owners must renew, or rerecord brands every four years. Renewal notices are mailed in September. Renewing a brand costs $100 per location for cattle and horse brands and $40 per location for sheep brands.
Inspections
During an ownership inspection, a livestock inspector will note the breed and sex of your animal, as well as any ear and flesh marks and brands. The inspector will also check ownership documents such as bills of sale, registration papers, out-of-state brand papers and affidavits. Inspection Certificates are valid for eight days, or more in some cases. Anyone transporting cattle within Oregon must have an Oregon transportation certificate, available from brand inspectors, auction markets, the Animal Health and Identification Division, or local printers in some areas.
Exemptions
Any change of ownership of cattle also requires a physical inspection unless the seller obtains an exemption certificate, called an E-certificate. Use of the E-certificate is limited to the sale of 15 or fewer head sold to the same buyer in eight consecutive days and does not allow for out of state shipment. E-certificates are available from brand inspectors, some county agents and sheriffs, and the Animal Health and Identification Division. One certificate must be completed for each animal.
Fines
Violation of Oregon's brand law is a class B misdemeanor that can result in a fine of up to $2,500 and/or six months in jail.
Missing livestock
When livestock are missing, notify your local sheriff, the state police and your local brand inspector or the Animal Health and Identification Division, 503-986-4681.
Found animals
If you find livestock, notify the ODA State Brand Office, 503-986-4681, or the local brand inspector, within five days. You may wish to notify local law enforcement as well.
Technical assistance
Oregon Department of Agriculture
State brand recorder
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem OR 97301-2532
Phone 503-986-4681
Web http://oregon.gov/ODA/AHID
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| Confined Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO) |
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In 2001, the Oregon Legislature passed House Bill 2156. The legislation directed the Oregon Department of Agriculture (ODA) to regulate all livestock operations to satisfy both state water quality laws and the federal Clean Water Act. Oregon law now defines CAFO to include state and federally defined livestock operations including certain Animal Feeding Operations (AFOs). The Oregon CAFO General Permit meets the requirements of the federal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination Program, EPAs current CAFO rule requirements and revised Oregon state statute. Facilities that operate in a highly environmentally sensitive area, use experimental technology or have compliance issues that will take more than two years to rectify may need to apply for an individual CAFO permit.
Endangered Species Act
The federal CAFO rule (40CFR parts 9, 122, 123, and 412, 2-12-03) was developed in consultation with other federal agencies to be in compliance with Endangered Species Act (ESA). The permit requires all facilities to develop and implement an Animal Waste Management Plan (AWMP). The AWMP lists the Best Management Practices (BMPs) that the facility operator will employ to achieve permit conditions. The BMPs are developed at the federal and state level and are checked against ESA requirements through consultation with National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS).
Who must comply?
Pursuant to ORS 468B.050, a permit from the Natural Resources Division of the Oregon Department of Agriculture is required to construct, install, modify, or operate a CAFO. ODA registers CAFO facilities to three (3) permit categories based on size, time of confinement and type of manure system. The smallest CAFOs that confine for less than four months (cumulative) during any 12-month period and have dry manure systems are typically exempt from permitting. Those animal feeding operations that are subject to federal regulation (40 CFR 122) are the medium and larger facilities that confine for 45 days or more. ODA offers on site educational reviews to assist operators with determining if their facility is a CAFO requiring permit registration.
Permits: general, individual
CAFOs that are required to be permitted must apply for coverage under a general permit or an individual permit. Permits are distributed through the Natural Resources Division of the Oregon Department of Agriculture, 503-986-4700. CAFO permits are issued for a five‑year term. The current permit was issued on August 15, 2003 with an expiration date of July 31, 2008. Most CAFOs will qualify for general permit coverage. The fee for general permit coverage is $75, which includes a $50 permit registration fee and a $25 annual renewal fee. The renewal fee of $25 is billed on an ongoing basis for the period beginning July 1 and ending June 30. Depending on size, type, and location, some CAFOs may require individual permits, which have higher fees and more stringent conditions for water quality protection. Potential developers of new CAFOs should contact the CAFO Program at the Oregon Department of Agriculture (503-986-4700) as early as possible in the planning process to determine permit requirements.
Manure, litter and process wastewater containment systems
Adequate wastewater storage shall be provided which is sufficient to store all manure, litter, and process wastewater during periods it cannot be safely applied to cropland without contaminating waters of the state by runoff, drainage, leaching, etc. All manure, silage pit drainage, wash down waters, contaminated precipitation and other wastewater shall be contained during winter months and distributed on land for utilization at agronomic application rates during crop growing months. Prior to constructing any wastewater control facilities, detailed plans and specifications must be approved in writing by the Oregon Department of Agriculture.
Fines
Oregon law (ORS 468.140) enables ODA to assess civil penalties for violation of the terms or conditions of a permit. A penalty of $500 can be assessed any owner or operator of a CAFO who does not apply for a permit as required by law.
Technical assistance
Oregon Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Division
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem, OR 97301-2532
Phone 503-986-4700
Web http://oregon.gov/ODA/NRD/cafo_front.shtml Consultation and design of CAFO facilities, including dairy waste systems, feedlot systems, poultry sheds, AWMP preparation, and other operations, are available through local Soil and Water Conservation District offices, the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, and the OSU Cooperative Extension Service. These agencies, and the Oregon Dairy Farmers Association, also provide animal waste management planning services.
Important information
If wastewater management plans require construction of a pond with a dam or dike over 10 feet high, or with the holding capacity of more than 9.2 acre feet of water, the Oregon Water Resources Department (503-378-3739) must review and approve the plan before construction.
Other resources
The USDA Farm Services Agency offers cost sharing programs for construction of farm wastewater containment systems. For information about the cost sharing requirements, contact the state FSA Office, 503-692-6830, ext. 22.
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| Dairy production |
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Who must comply?
ORS 621 (OAR 603-24-605 to 603-24-651) requires the Oregon Department of Agriculture to license and inspect grade A fluid milk production facilities to ensure food safety and consumer protection. The department requires submission of construction plans to meet specified standards and licensing of the facilities.
Permits and licenses
A prospective milk producer must submit a construction plan for the milking facility to the Oregon Department of Agriculture, Food Safety Division, 635 Capitol St. NE, Salem OR 97301-2532 (503-986-4720), for approval. An inspection is required before production can begin. A license is also required for each facility (see fee schedule below).
Inspections
Dairy production or distribution facilities may be inspected from two to four times annually by ODA sanitarians. The sanitarian will not notify the producer before the visit. Inspections consist of a visual inspection of facilities and may include sampling of the milk and/or water. Repeat conditions which present health concerns may result in suspension of grade privileges. Adulterated product will be embargoed.
Fees
License fees relating to fluid milk are based on annual gross dollar volume of sales or services as follows:
| Gross sales volume | Annual fee
| | $0 - $50,00 | $131 | | $50,001 - $500,000 | $183 | | $500,001 - $1,000,000 | $312 | | $1,000,001 - $5,000,000 | $468 | | $5,000,001 - $10,000,000 | $624 | | $10,000,000 | $780 |
Technical assistance
Oregon Department of Agriculture
Food Safety Division
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem, OR 97301-2532
Phone 503-986-4720
Web http://oregon.gov/ODA/FSD
Oregon State University
Animal Science Department
Phone 541-737-4926 or 541-737-3316
Food Science and Technology Department
Phone 541-737-3463 or 541-737-6520
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| Disposing of dead animals |
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Note: Also see the "Disposal of Solid Waste" section of this handbook.
Any dead domestic animal within ½ mile of any dwelling, or within ¼ mile of any running stream of water, must be disposed of within 15 hours. The owner may choose to bury it, burn it, move it farther from the dwelling or stream, or have it hauled away by a commercial rendering company or commercial carcass pickup service.
If buried, no part of the body shall be nearer than four feet to the natural surface of the ground and every part of such body shall be covered with quicklime (ORS 601.090(7)).
Exemptions
If the carcass is more than ¼ mile from a running stream of water or more than ½ mile from any dwelling, and on the owner's property, the owner is not required to take any action.
Commercial rendering companies
Any company that renders the remains of animals must be licensed by the Oregon Department of Agriculture (ORS 601.030). The department must inspect both the facility and all conveyances used by the company to haul carcasses. All are covered by the single $50.00 annual fee. The license period runs from July 1 to June 30.
Commercial carcass pickup
Individuals who pick up dead animals to be hauled elsewhere for disposal must license each conveying vehicle used for hauling carcasses (ORS 601.080). The license period runs from July 1 to June 30; the fee is $10.00 annually.
Technical assistance
Oregon Department of Agriculture
Animal Health and Identification Division
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem, OR 97301-2532
Phone 503-986-4680
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| Emergency animal disease preparedness |
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An emergency animal disease (EAD), introduced accidentally by a traveler or intentionally by a terrorist, could have a devastating impact on our country's economy. Government agencies, livestock owners and veterinarians are increasing their preparedness in case of an EAD outbreak. Early detection to prevent spread of these very contagious diseases is critical to homeland security. Livestock owners and managers will see the signs of disease first. Recognizing those signs and making a quick decision to call for help can prevent catastrophe.
Signs of emergency animal diseases:
- sudden unexplained death, high fevers, or abortions
- blisters or sores in the mouth, or on the tongue, nose, teats, and feet
- slobbering and lameness
- staggering, falling, circling or other brain disorder type behaviors
- unusual ticks, maggots, or parasites.
Technical assistance
If you notice any of these signs, call your veterinarian.
Oregon Department of Agriculture
State veterinarian
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem, OR 97301-2532
Phone 503-986-4680
Web http://oregon.gov/ODA/AHID
US Department of Agriculture
Area veterinarian in charge
Phone 503-399-5871
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| Exotic animal permit |
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For purposes of public safety, state law defines exotic animals as any lion, tiger, leopard, cheetah, ocelot or any other cat not indigenous to Oregon (except domestic cats); nonhuman primates; any wolf or any canine not indigenous to Oregon (except domestic dogs); and any bear except the black bear.
Anyone wishing to hold one of these "exotic" animals must obtain an Exotic Animal Permit from the Oregon Department of Agriculture before obtaining the animal. Owners must also comply with any city or county ordinances, holding/facility requirements, testing, and inspections. Call ODA for exotic animal permits (503-986-4680).
The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife is involved with the oversight and regulation of some of these and other types of nonnative animals.
Technical assistance
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW)
3406 Cherry Ave. NE
Salem, OR 97303
Phone 503-947-6000
Fax 503-947-6009
E-mail odfw.Info@state.or.us
Web http://www.dfw.state.or.us
Oregon Department of Agriculture
State veterinarian
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem, OR 97301-2532
Phone 503-986-4680
Web http://oregon.gov/ODA/AHID
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| Importation of animals |
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Who must comply?
The importer is responsible for ensuring Oregon's disease control requirements are met, including tests, vaccinations, and permits.
General import requirements
Oregon requires a certificate of veterinary inspection (CVI, ie. "health certificate") issued less than 30 days prior to entry and an import permit for most mammals and most birds.
Dogs, cats, and most pet birds are exempt from the permit requirement. Pet birds shipped for commercial sale must have a CVI and an import permit.
All birds from any state with any area under quarantine for Exotic Newcastle Disease (END) must have a CVI issued no more than 24 hours prior to entry and an import permit. Poultry from within an END quarantine zone may not enter Oregon.
Tests and/or vaccinations may also be required. If testing is required, the CVI must include official ID for each animal tested, lab name and location, date sample was taken, accession number, and test results. Tests with results "pending" are not acceptable.
Exhibition animals
Livestock brought into the state of Oregon for shows, fairs, and competitions must meet regular requirements as a minimum. Call 503-986-4680 for details.
Family pets
- Cats and dogs
- Cats and dogs four months or older must have current rabies vaccination.
- Pet birds (psittacines, raptors, etc.)
- See "birds" section below. Pet poultry must meet poultry requirements.
- Pet pigs, project pigs, 4-H pigs, and show pigs
- All swine must meet the swine requirements (see below).
- Reptiles, amphibians, and fish
- Turtles imported for sale must be at least four inches across the carapace. ODA has no other requirements for importation of reptiles, amphibans, or fish. Check with local and county government agencies and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (503-872-5260) for their requirements for importing or holding these animals.
Cattle of US origin
Brucellosis vaccination
All female cattle (not bison) four months or older must have been officially vaccinated against brucellosis. Nonvaccinated females over vaccination age may only go directly to slaughter or to a registered dry feedlot for feeding and slaughter. Importer may apply for an exemption for nonvaccinated females over 12 months of age for breeding purposes, if they are of proven genetic advantage.
Brucellosis test
Brucellosis test is not required for cattle imported from "Brucellosis Class Free" states. One negative test less than 30 days prior to entry is required for cattle imported from "Class A" states.
Tuberculosis test
Tuberculosis test is required for all female dairy cattle over six months of age. Tuberculosis test is not required for beef cattle imported from "TB accredited free" states. Call for details for cattle from states with less than "TB accredited free" status.
Cattle from ouside the US
Note: Call 503-986-4679 for requirements for cattle from outside the US.
Any cattle originating in Mexico or Canada must meet specific requirements based on the purpose of the shipment (e.g., feeding, breeding, or rodeo and recreation use). Call 503-986-4680 for details.
Other bovine
American bison are not required to have a brucellosis vaccination, but must have a negative test for brucellosis if eight months or older. Vaccinated females under 24 months of age are exempt from this test requirement. A negative TB test may be required for bison. Call 503-986-4680 for details.
Yak, water buffalo, cape buffalo, and other bovine species must have a negative test for brucellosis within 30 days prior to entry and a negative test for TB within 60 days prior to entry. Since current brucellosis vaccines are licensed only for cattle, vaccination against brucellosis is not recommended for these species.
Horses, mules, asses and other equine
All equidae entering Oregon must have a certificate of veterinary inspection, an import permit number, and a negative test for equine infectious anemia (EIA) no more than six months prior to entry.
Exemption for
- nursing foals under six months of age which are traveling with negative tested dam.
- all Washington-resident horses.
Swine
All porcine species (including "project" pigs, pet pigs, hunting boars, etc.) are included in the regulations for swine. The CVI must be issued less than 15 days prior to entry into Oregon and must state the swine have not been fed raw garbage and have not been vaccinated against pseudorabies. All breeder swine must have been vaccinated for erysipelas and leptospirosis according to vaccine manufacturer's directions. Feral swine may not be imported.
Brucellosis testing requirements are based on official status of state or herd of origin. Call 503-986-4679 for details. ODA follows United States Department of Agriculture, Uniform Methods and Rules for eradication of these diseases.
Sheep and goats
Statement on CVI from issuing veterinarian must state, "These animals have no known exposure to scrapie."
Exotics, wildlife, and nontraditional livestock
Bison
- Brucellosis vaccination is not required.
- Brucellosis test is required, regardless of status of state of origin, less than 30 days prior to entry for nonvaccinated bison (male or female) eight months or older and for vaccinated females over 24 months.
- Tuberculosis test is not required if from "TB accredited free" state. One negative test for TB required less than 60 days prior to entry if from less-than "TB accredited free" state.
Camelids - Individual identification is required.
- Llama, alpaca, vicuna, and guanaco
- Camels, bactrian or dromedary
- Brucellosis test is required less than 30 days prior to entry.
- Tuberculosis test is required less than 60 days prior to entry.
Cervidae
Importation of cervidae is prohibited by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. For further information call 503-872-5260.
Other (Water buffalo, yak, antelope, etc.)
- Brucellosis vaccination is not required.
- Brucellosis test is required less than 30 days prior to entry.
- Tuberculosis test is required less than 60 days prior to entry.
Birds originating from states with NO area under quarantine for exotic Newcastle disease
Pet birds
- No CVI or permit is required for family pet birds. Pet poultry must meet poultry requirements.
- Pet birds imported for sale must have CVI and import permit.
Poultry
- Avian species eligible for the National Poultry Improvement Plan (NPIP) (except ratites) must have a CVI, permit, and a negative test for pullorum disease.
- Poultry (except ratites) from NPIP flocks may be shipped direct from farm of origin on USDA Form VS 9-3 with no other requirements.
Ratites
- Ratites must have a CVI, permit, and negative tests for pullorum disease and avian influenza.
- Each bird must have permanent identification (leg band, wing band, or microchip) that must be listed on the CVI.
- Isolate and observe for disease for 14 days after arrival.
- Ratites from NPIP flocks are exempt from the pullorum test but must meet all other requirements.
Birds originating from any state with any area under quarantine for exotic Newcastle disease
From areas under quarantine
- Poultry from areas under quarantine may not enter Oregon. No exceptions.
- Nonpoultry from areas under quarantine: Call 503-986-4679 for requirements.
From areas outside the quarantine
- Poultry from outside the quarantined areas must have
- a CVI issued no more than 24 hours prior to entry.
- a negative test for pullorum disease completed no more than 30 days prior to entry. (Poultry from NPIP flocks are exempt from the pullorum test but must meet other requirements.)
- The veterinarian issuing the CVI must call the Office of the State Veterinarian (503-986-4679) for an import permit. Additional requirements apply to ratites.
- Nonpoultry from outside the quarantined areas must have a CVI issued no more than 24 hours prior to entry.
- The veterinarian issuing the CVI must call Office of the State Veterinarian (503-986-4679) for an import permit.
International imports
Contact the USDA Animal and Plant Health and Inspection Service in Maryland at 301-734-8364, for information on importing animals from outside the US.
Technical assistance
Oregon Department of Agriculture
State veterinarian
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem, OR 97301-2532
Phone 503-986-4680
Web http://oregon.gov/ODA/AHID/animal_health/main.shtml
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| Interstate movement of cattle and pasture to pasture permits |
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Who must comply?
Anyone shipping cattle across state lines must ensure those cattle meet both state and federal requirements. This usually includes obtaining a certificate of veterinary inspection (CVI, ie. "health certificate") and may include brucellosis testing for test-eligible cattle. Contact state of destination for details of tests or other requirements.
Pasture to pasture permit option
A special Pasture to Pasture Program exists for shipping cattle interstate for grazing purposes without a change of ownership. All cattle on the pasture to pasture permit must be returned to the state of origin after the grazing season.
The requirements for brucellosis testing, certificate of veterinary inspection, and import permit number may be waived if the owner applies for and receives a pasture to pasture permit before movement across state lines. This would apply whether the cattle are moving from Oregon to another state for pasture and returning to Oregon, or moving from another state to Oregon for pasture and returning to that state at the end of the grazing season. Cattle moved on a pasture to pasture permit may not commingle with other cattle while out of state.
Application process
The owner must apply for pasture to pasture permit to the department of agriculture in the state of origin at least two weeks before the proposed movement. The application is checked for completeness and approved by the department. After approval by the state of origin, the application is forwarded to the state of destination for approval. After approval by both states, a copy is forwarded to the owner and the animals may be shipped.
Record keeping
A copy of the approved pasture to pasture permit must accompany each shipment of cattle. The department keeps records of previous years' pasture permits for comparison with current applications.
Restrictions
The pasture to pasture permit is valid for a maximum of eight months, this period of time may vary depending on the state of destination. Check with the department of agriculture in the destination state for details. Any deviation from the permit must have prior approval from the respective state department of agriculture.
Technical assistance
Oregon Department of Agriculture
Animal Health and Identification Division
635 Capitol St. NE
Salem, OR 97301-2532
Phone 503-986-4680
E-mail ahid-office-manager@oda.state.or.us
Web http://oregon.gov/ODA/AHID/livestock_id/main.shtml
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