OSHA Field Inspection Reference Manual CPL 2.103
Section 9 - Index
 OSHA Field Inspection Reference Manual - Table of Contents
- Chapter Number: Index
- Chapter Title: Index
INDEX
Abatement
Assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-16
Effect of Contest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-1
Good Faith Effort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-16
Long Term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-2
Partial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-16
Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-1
Plan, of Employer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-3
PMA (see Petition to Modify Abatement Date)
Reporting (by CSHO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-20
Verification of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-1
Abatement Date
Employee Contest of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-19
Final . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-3
Long-Term . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-2
Reasonable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-1
Absorption Hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-25
Access to
Classified Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-13
Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-21
Accidents (see also Fatality/Catastrophe under
Inspections). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-10, III-6, 7, 9
Additive/Synergistic Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-25
Adjustment Factors (penalty) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-12
Good Faith. . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 16, 18, 23
History (see also Geographical
Limitations) . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 18, 19
Size. . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 15, 17 to 19
Administrative
Controls (see also Feasible). . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-3
Subpoena. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-12, II-3, 7
Advance Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-11, II-15, IV-22, 24
Affected Employee (see Employee)
Affirmative Defenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-29 to 31
Greater Hazard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-31
Impossibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-30
Multiemployer Worksites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-31
Unpreventable Employee Misconduct (Isolated Event). .III-30
Agreements (see Settlements)
Alleged Violation Description (AVD). . . . . . . . . . . .III-19
Alternative Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-26
Amending/Withdrawing Citations (see also Informal Conference
and Settlements). . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-5 to 7, 26, 30
Annual Summary (see Form OSHA-200)
Apparent Violation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14
Appropriations Act (see also CPL 2.51H or most current
version). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-4, II-10, IV-8
Area Director
Decisions (at Informal Conferences) . . . . . . IV-24 to 26
Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1, IV-1, 3 to 5
Settlements (ISAs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-26 to 28
Area Office
Construction Inspections Beyond Single (Area Office). II-25
Position on PMAs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-27
Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Assessment
Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-9, 10, 12
Severity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-9, 12
Assistance
Employer Abatement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-16
Expert. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-12
Assistant Area Director (Responsibilities) . . . . . . . . . I-1
Authorization (Advance Notice) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-11
Authorized Representative (see Employee, Employer,
and Representative)
AVD (Alleged Violation Description). . . . . . . . . . . .III-19
Bankrupt/Out of Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-8
Biological Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-25
Burden of Proof (Affirmative Defenses) . . . . . . . . . .III-29
Case File Activity Diary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Case File Stages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-1 to 3
Catastrophe (see also CPL 2.77). . . . . . .I-4, II-5, 20, III-6
Certification
Employer (ISAs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-32
Form (Review Commission). . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-35, 36
Informal Settlement Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-32
Summary (OSHA 200 Form) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-20
Certified
Bargaining Agent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-9, 11, 12
Mail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-7, IV-4, 30
Citation
5(a)(1) (see General Duty)
Amending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-5 to 7, 26, 30
Issuing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-4
Mailing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-4
Policy (Ventilation Standard) . . . . . . . . . . . .III-20
Pre-Citation Consultation (with Solicitor). . . . . . III-1
Violation Types (see Violations)
Withdrawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-5 to 7, 26, 30
Writing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-25
Classified
Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-13
Information/Trade Secrets . . . . . .I-12, II-12, 17, III-4
Clearance (see Security Clearance)
Closing Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-18, 26
Collecting Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14
Combining Violations . . . . . . . . . . . . III-26, IV-10 to 12
Communication with Review Commission . . . . . . . . . . . IV-37
Complainant
Discrimination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-9
Employee, Right of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Identity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6
Letters to. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-5, 6, 8, 9
Complaints
Compulsory Process (Warrants) . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-6
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6
Employee, Right of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Formal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-6, 7
Imminent Danger Alleged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-6, 7
Inspections/Investigations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-5
Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-5, 6, 8, 9
Nonemployee (see Nonformal)
Nonformal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-6, 8
Oral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6
Priority. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3
Referrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-10, II-5
Response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-7 to 9
Section 11(c) Nonformal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-9
Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-8 to 10
Workplace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Compliance Safety and Health Officer (CSHO)
Dealing with Parties before the Commission. . . . . . IV-37
Disposition of Inspection Records . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Personal Security Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-12
Presenting Credentials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-1
Release of Inspection Information . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-1
Selection of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-21
Subpoena Served on. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Testifying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Visitor's Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-8
Comprehensive (see Inspections/Investigations)
Compulsory Process (see Warrants)
Conference
Closing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-18, 26
Informal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-24
Opening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-10
Construction
Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Standard Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Worksite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Consultation (see also TED 3.5)
Pre-Citation (with Solicitor) . . . . . . . . . . . . III-1
Voluntary Compliance Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . II-10
Voluntary Protection Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11
Contest
Effect Upon Abatement Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-1
Effect Upon Inspection Selection Criteria . . . . . . . I-5
Employee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-19
Notice Transmittal to Review Commission . . . . . . . IV-33
Controlling Employer (see Multiemployer Worksites)
Controls (Administrative and Engineering). . . . . . . . . .IV-2
Corporate-Wide Settlements (see also CPL 2.90) . . . . . . IV-32
Correcting Employer (see Multiemployer Worksite)
Creating Employer (see Multiemployer Worksite)
Credentials, Presentation of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-1
Criminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-18, 21, 22, IV-24
Criminal/Willful Violations. . . . . . . . . III-15 to 17, IV-24
Dates
Abatement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-1 to 3
Final, of Settlements and Review Commission Orders. . IV-32
PMA Filing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-26
Death (see Fatality)
Decisions
Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). . . . . . . . . . . . IV-33
Court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-33
Informal Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-24, 26
Definitions
Affirmative Defenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-29
Catastrophe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-21
Combining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-26
Complaint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6
Construction Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Employee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-5
Fatality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-20
Formal Complaint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-5
Grouping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-26
Hazard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-9
Horizontal & Vertical Standards . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Hospitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-21
Imminent Danger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-22
Nonformal Complaint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-8
Referrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-5
Reporting Fatalities/Catastrophes . . . . . . . . . . II-21
Representative of Employee. . . . . . . . . . .II-9, 11, 12
Universal & Specific Industry Standards . . . . . . . III-4
Walkaround Representatives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11
Worksite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Delay in Issuing Citation (see Issuing under Citation)
De Minimis Violations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-7, 8, III-19
Denial of Entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-2, 8
Diary (Inspection Case File Activity). . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Disclaimers (Employers Abatement Assistance) . . . . . . . II-17
Disclosure of Records. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-13
Discrimination, OSH Act 11(c) (see also
DIS .4B). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6, 8 to 10, II-19
Disposition of Inspection Records. . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Disruptive Conduct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-12
Documentation
Advance Notice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-12
Elements of Serious Violation . . . . . . . . . . . . III-7
Four Stage Case File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-1
Informal Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-25, 26
Proximity to Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-5
Recognized Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-10
Willful Fatality (Criminal Referral). . . . . . .III-16, 17
Egregious (Violation-by-Violation) . . . . III-28, IV-12, 16, 29
Elimination of Imminent Danger . . . . . . . . . . . . II-23, 24
Emphasis Programs (Local). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4, 10
Employee
Complaints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Contest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-19
Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-5
Exposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14, 20, III-5, IV-4, 9
Interviews. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Misconduct (Isolated Event Defense) . . . . . . . . .III-30
Objection to PMA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-28
Other Employer, of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-10
Participation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-9
Representative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11, 12, 18, 19
Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-29
Right of Complaint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Rights (see also Walkaround). . . . . . . . . . . II-15, 18
Employer
Abatement Assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-16
Abatement Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-3
Advance Notice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-11
Affirmative Defenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-29 to 31
Bankrupt/Out of Business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-8
Certify (ISAs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-32
Contacts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-5
Controlling (see Multiemployer Worksite)
Correcting (see Multiemployer Worksite)
Creating (see Multiemployer Worksite)
Exposing (see Multiemployer Worksite)
Good Faith. . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 16, 18, 23
History (see also Geographical
Limitations) . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 18, 19
Immediately Corrects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-15
Interference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-2, 8
Larger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-17
Multifacility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-18
Notification Requirement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-22
Posting Requirements. . . . II-13, 14, IV-8, 19, 21, 27, 28
Recognition of Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-10
Refusal of Entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-2, 8
Reporting (employment accidents). . . . . . . . . . . IV-21
Representatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11
Responsibilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4, 15, 28, 29
Safety and Health Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14
Services Available. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-28
Size. . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 15, 17 to 19
Small . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-14, 17
Worksite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Engineering Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-2, 3
Entry
Refusal of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-2, 8
Workplace, of the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Expert Assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-12
Exposing Employer (see Multiemployer)
Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14, 20, III-5, IV-4, 9
Observed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-6
Potential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-6
Reducing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-4
Unobserved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-6
Failure to Abate (see Penalty)
Family, Victims. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-21
Fatality/Catastrophe (see also CPL 2.77) . .I-4, II-5, 20, III-6
Feasible
Administrative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-3
Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-2, 3
Economic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-4
Engineering Controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-2, 3
Method of Correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-11
Technical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-3
Work Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-3
Federal Agency Inspections/Programs (or contract
with) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-2, 4, 12, 25, 26
Federal Marshal Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-7
Final Order Dates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-32
Fire/Explosion-Related Ventilation Standard. . . . . . . .III-21
FOIA (Freedom of Information Act). . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-13
Followup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4, II-6, 19, 20, IV-5
Formal
Complaints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-6, 7
Settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-32
Forms/Pamphlets
OSHA-1 (Inspection Report). . . . . . II-10, III-1, 2, IV-3
OSHA-1A (Narrative) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-2, 3
OSHA-1B or 1BIH (Worksheets).II-15, 20, III-2, 3, 4, 14, 19
OSHA-2 (Citation & Notification of Penalty)III-27, IV-6, 36
OSHA-2B (Notification of Failure to Abate
Alleged Violations). . . . . . . . . . . . IV-5, 6, 15, 36
OSHA-7 (Notice of Alleged Safety or Health
Hazards) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-6, 9, 10
OSHA-8 (Notice of Alleged Imminent Danger). . . . II-23, 24
OSHA-36F (Fatality/Catastrophe Report). . . . . . . . .II-5
OSHA-89 (Photo Mounting Worksheet). . . . . . . . . . III-4
OSHA-90 (Referral Report) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6
OSHA-101/101S (Supplementary Record of Occupational
Injuries & Illnesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-20
OSHA-200 (Log & Summary of Occupational
Injuries & Illnesses). . . . . . . III-27, IV-19 to 21
Four Stage Case File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-1 to 3
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-13
General Duty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-8
Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-8
Evaluation of Section 5(a)(1) Situations. . . . . . . III-8
Formalizing Oral Complaints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6
Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-12
Pre-Citation Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-13
Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-8
Violation of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-8
When Not to Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-27
Geographical Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-18
Good Faith . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 16, 18, 23
Gravity (see also Penalty and
Violations) . . . . . . . . . . . .III-18, IV-8 to 11, 16 to 18
Gravity-Based Penalty (GBP). . . . . . . . . . . IV-12, 16 to 18
Greater Hazard Defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-31
Grouping Violations. . . . . . . . . . III-26, 27, IV-11, 12, 21
Hazard
Affect the Cited Employer's Employees . . . . . . . .III-10
Common Sense Recognition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-11
Corrected by a Feasible/Useful Method . . . . . . . .III-11
Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-9
Employer Recognition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-10
Employee Exposure to. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-8
General Duty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-8
Greater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-31
Industry Recognition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-11
Likely to Cause Death/Serious Physical Harm . . . . .III-11
Not a Particular Accident . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-9
Proximity to. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-5
Reasonably Foreseeable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-10
Recognized. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-10
Health Violations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-20 to 25
Hearings, CSHO Testifying at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
High Gravity Violations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-18
History (see also Geographical
Limitations). . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 18, 19
Horizontal Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Hospitalization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-21
Identity of Complainant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6
Imminent Danger. . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4, 7, 8, II-5, 22, 23
Implementation of Feasible Engineering Controls. . . . . . .IV-2
Impossibility Defense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-30
Informal
Complaints (see Nonformal Complaints)
Conference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-24
Settlements (see also ADM 1-1.13A, Chapter
VIII). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-28 to 32
Information
Public Information Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-22
Release of Inspection Information . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Trade Secret. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-13
Ingestion Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-25
Inspection
Case File Diary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
History (of Employer) (see also Geographical
Limitations) . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 18, 19
Records, Disposition of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Scheduling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3
Warrants (Compulsory Process) . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-3
Inspections/Investigations
Accidents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-10, III-6, 7, 9
Advance Notice. . . . . . . . . . . .I-11, II-15, IV-22, 24
Catastrophe (see also CPL 2.77) . . . .I-4, II-5, 20, III-6
Complaint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-3 to 5, II-5
Comprehensive (Wall-to-Wall). . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-1
Conduct of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-1
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Criminal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-22
Fatality (see also CPL 2.77). . . . . .I-4, II-5, 20, III-6
Federal Agency (or contract with) . . . II-2, 4, 12, 25, 26
Followup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4, II-6, 19, 20, IV-5
Imminent Danger . . . . . . . . . I-4, 7, 8, II-5, 22 to 24
Interference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-2, 8
Local Emphasis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4, 10
Military Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-2
Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-6, 19
Partial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-1
Planning (see also Scheduling). . . . . . . . . . . I-3, 10
Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-10
Presenting Credentials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-1
Priorities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4
Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II
Programmed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-3, 10, II-6, 9
Referrals (see also Referrals). . . . . I-3, 4, 6, 10, II-5
Refusal of Entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-2, 8
Release of Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-1, 5, 10, 23
Selection Criteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4
Special Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-19
Time of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-1
Types (see also specific types) . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3
Unprogrammed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-3, 5, II-9
Use of Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-4, 5
Walkaround. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14
Interaction with Other Agencies (Rescue Operations). . . . II-22
Interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-2, 8
Interviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Employees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-16
Time/Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Investigations (see Inspections/Investigations)
Isolated Event Defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-30
Issuing Citations (see also Citation). . . . . . . . . . . .IV-4
Jurisdiction, Federal Agency (see also Preemption) . . II-12, 25
Labor Dispute/Strike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-9
LEP (Local Emphasis Programs) (see also CPL 2.102) . . . I-4, 10
Lesser Gravity Violations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-18
Letters
Complainant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-5, 6, 8, 9
Certified Mail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-7, IV-4, 30
Employers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-8
Nonformal Complaints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-8
Referrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-10
Withdrawing Citation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-7
Limitations
Geographical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-18
Time (Repeated Violations). . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-17
Local Emphasis Programs (LEP) (see also CPL 2.102) . . . I-4, 10
Longshoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-18
Lost Workday Injury Rate (LWDI). . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-13
LWDI (Lost Workday Injury Rate). . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-13
Mailing Certified. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-7, IV-4, 30
Military Base. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-2
Miranda Warnings (see Criminal/Willful Violations) . . . .III-16
Modification of Abatement Dates (PMA). . . . . . . . . IV-26, 36
Monitoring Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-6, 19
Multiemployer
Inspection Types (Unprogrammed NOTE). . . . . . . . . . I-3
Refusal of Entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-2
Worksites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-2, 10, III-28, 31
Multifacility Employer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-18
Noise Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-21
Nonformal Complaints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-6, 8
Notice of
Contest Transmittal to OSH Review Commission. . . . . IV-33
Failure to Abate (see Penalty, Failure to Abate)
Notification Requirements (Advance Notice) . . . . . . . . IV-22
Objections to PMA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-28
Observed Exposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-6
Opening Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-10
OSHA Notice (Poster) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-19
Other Agencies
Entry of Workplace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Interaction with (Rescue Operations). . . . . . . . . II-22
Other-Than-Serious Violations. . . . . . . . . .III-6, 27, IV-11
Out of Business/Bankrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-8
Outreach Program (Area Office Responsibilities). . . . . . . I-2
Penalty
Additional (Failure to Abate) . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-15
Adjustment Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-12
Good Faith . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 16, 18, 23
History (see also Geographical
Limitations). . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 18, 19
Size . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 12 to 14, 15, 17 to 19
Civil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-7
Criminal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-22, IV-24
Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8
Failure to Abate. . . . . .II-20, III-19, IV-15, 16, 26, 35
General Policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-7
Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . .III-18, IV-8 to 11, 16 to 18
Gravity-Based Penalty (GBP) . . . . . . . . IV-12, 16 to 18
Grouped Violations. . . . . . . . III-26, 27, IV-11, 12, 21
Immediate Correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-15
Increase Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-17
Minimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8
No Initial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-17
Policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-7
Posting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8
Probability Assessment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-9, 12
Severity Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-9, 11
Statutory Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-7
Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-23
Petition to Modify Abatement Date (PMA). . . . . . . . IV-26, 36
Photographs (see also Videotapes and CPL 2.98) . . . . II-15, 18
Planning
Inspection Preparation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-9
Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
PMA (Petition to Modify Abatement Date). . . . . . . . IV-26, 36
Policy
Advance Notice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-10
Employer Abatement Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Penalty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-7
Public Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-21
Trade Secrets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-16
Post-Contest Settlements (see Formal Settlement Agreements)
Posting
Amended/Withdrawal Citation . . . . . . . . . . IV-4, 5, 22
Annual Illness/Injury Log (OSHA-200). . . . . . . IV-16, 18
Informal Conference Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-20
Notice of Alleged Imminent Danger (OSHA-8). . . . . . II-24
Penalty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8
Petition to Modify Abatement Date (PMA) . . . . . IV-27, 28
Requirements. . . . . . . . II-13, 14, IV-8, 19, 21, 27, 28
Violations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8, 19
Postmark (Notice of Contest) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-34
Potential Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-6
Pre-Citation
Consultation (with Solicitor) . . . . . . . . . . . . III-1
Review (General Duty Violations). . . . . . . . . . .III-13
Pre-Contest Settlements (see Informal Settlements)
Preemption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-12, III-11
Preinspection Compulsory Process (Warrants). . . . . . . . .I-12
Preparation (Inspection) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-10
Presenting Credentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-1
Priorities (Inspection). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4
Privacy, Interview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Probability Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-9, 10, 12
Procedures
Amending Citations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-6
Informal Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-24
Informal Settlements (see also Settlements and ADM 1-1.13A,
Chapter VIII). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-32
Pre-Citation Consultation (with Solicitor). . . . . . III-1
Withdrawing Citation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-6
Process
Compulsory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-3
Preinspection Compulsory. . . . . . . . . . . I-12, II-3, 6
Program Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Programmed Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-3, 10, II-6, 9
Proximity to Hazard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-5
Public Information Policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-22
Recognition of Hazard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-10
Recordkeeping
Penalty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-19
Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-20
Violation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-19
Records
Access. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-21
Disclosure of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-13
Disposition of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Examination of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-13
Exposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-7, 22
Posting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14
Referrals (see also Inspections/Investigations)
Complaints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-10, II-5
Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-6
Priority. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4
Refusal of Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-2, 8
Regional Administrator (Responsibilities). . I-1, II-3, 7, IV-27
Regulatory Violation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-17, 19
Release for Entry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-8
Release of Inspection Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Repeated Violations. . . . . . . . . . . . . III-17 to 19, IV-16
Repeated vs. Failure to Abate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-19
Repeated vs. Willful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-19
Reporting
Abatement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-20
Fatality/Catastrophe. . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-21, IV-21
Imminent Danger Notice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-7
Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-20
Representatives
Authorized. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11, 12
Employee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11, 12, 18, 19
Employer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11
Safety Committee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-12
Walkaround. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11
Requirements
Failure to Meet (PMAs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-27
Imminent Danger Investigations. . . . . . . . . . . . II-23
Notification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-22
Posting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-7, 18, 19
Recordkeeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-20
Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-20
Rescue Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-22
Resources, Use of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-4, 5
Respirator Standard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-23
Retention of Inspection Records (see Disposition)
Review Commission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-33 to 38
Rights
Employee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15, 19
Employer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-18
Entry of Workplace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Walkaround (see Walkaround)
Safety Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-12
Safety and Health Programs, Evaluation of. . . . . . . . . II-14
Samples, Collecting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14
Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-3 to 5
Scope
Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-1, 5, 10, 23
Opening Conference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-10
Unprogrammed Inspections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-5
Warrants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-3
Section 4(b)(1) (Preemption) . . . . . . . . . . . II-12, III-11
Section 5(a)(1) (see General Duty)
Section 7(c)(1) (Contract Consultation). . . . . . . . . . II-11
Section 8(f)(1) (Complaints) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-6, 7
Section 11(c) Complaint. . . . . . . . . . .I-6 to 10, II-19, 24
Section 17 Designation (Unclassified Violation). . . . . . IV-29
Security Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-13
Selection
Criteria, for Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-4
CSHO, of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-21
Serious Violations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-6, 17, IV-15
Services Available to Employer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-28
Settlements
Area Director, by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-24
Corporate-Wide (see CPL 2.90) . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-32
Final Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-32
Formal Settlements (Post-Contest) . . . . . . . . . . IV-32
Informal Settlements (Pre-Contest) (see also ADM 1-1.13A,
Chapter VIII). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-28 to 32
Severity Assessment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-9, 12
Sign
Interview Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-16
Settlement Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-30, 31
Size (Factor in Penalty Calculation)IV-8, 12 to 14, 15, 17 to 19
Solicitor
Clearance with. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-37
Compulsory Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-3
Coordination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-1
Transmittal of File to. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-37
Special
Industry (Vertical) Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Inspection Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-19
Standards
Alternative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-26
Applicability to Construction Inspections . . . . . . II-25
Different . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-17
Employer Responsibility to Comply . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Horizontal & Vertical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Identical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-17
Respirator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-23
"Should". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-13
Universal & Specific Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Statements
Interview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-16
Signing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-16
Transcription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-16
Strike/Labor Dispute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-9
Subpoena . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-37
Administrative. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-12, II-3, 7
CSHO, served on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Synergistic/Additive Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-25
Table (Penalty). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-23
Telephone
Closing Conference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-18, 19
Discrimination Complaints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-9
Nonformal Complaints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-8
Notifying Solicitor (Subpoena). . . . . . . . . . . . IV-37
Petition to Modify Abatement Date (PMA) . . . . . . . IV-27
Referrals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-10
Verification of Abatement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-1
Testifying (CSHO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-2
Time
Inspection of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-1
Interview, of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-15
Limitations (Repeated Violations) . . . . . . . . . .III-17
Reasonable (ISAs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-31
Trade Secrets/Classified Information . . .I-12, II-12, 17, III-4
Types
Inspections/Investigations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I-3
Violations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-6
Unclassified Violations (Section 17 Designation) . . . . . IV-29
Universal (Horizontal) Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Unobserved Exposure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-6
Unpreventable Employee Misconduct (Isolated Event Defense)III-30
Unprogrammed Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-3, 5, II-9
Use of Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-4, 5
Variances, Violations of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-5
Ventilation Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-20, 21
Verification of Abatement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-1
Vertical Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Victims, Family of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-21
Videotapes (see also Photographs and CPL 2.98) . . . . II-15, 18
Violation-by-Violation (Egregious) . . . . III-28, IV-12, 16, 29
Violations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Apparent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14
Basis of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-4
Combining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-26, IV-10 to 12
Criminal/Willful. . . . . . . . . . . . III-15 to 17, IV-24
De Minimis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I-7, 8, III-19
Egregious (Violation-by-Violation). . III-28, IV-12, 16, 29
Failure to Abate (see Penalty)
General Duty Clause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-8
Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-8 to 11, 16 to 18
Grouping. . . . . . . . . . . . . III-26, 27, IV-11, 12, 21
Health. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-20 to 25
Intentional and Knowing (see Willful) . . . . . . . .III-13
Other Laws. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-18
Other-Than-Serious. . . . . . . . . . . . .III-6, 27, IV-11
Posting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-7, 19
Recordkeeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-19
Regulatory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-17, 19
Repeated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-17 to 19, IV-16
Section 17 Designation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-29
Serious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-6, 17, IV-15
Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-6
Variances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-5
Unclassified (Section 17 Designation) . . . . . . . . IV-29
Willful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . III-13 to 15, 18, IV-17
Voluntary Elimination of Imminent Danger . . . . . . . . . II-23
Voluntary Compliance Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-10
Voluntary Protection Programs (VPP). . . . . . . . . . . . II-11
VPP (Voluntary Protection Program) . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11
Walkaround
Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-14
Representatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-11
Warrants (Compulsory Process). . . . . . . . . . . I-12, II-3, 6
When Not to Group. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-27
Willful Violations . . . . . . . . . . . III-13 to 15, 18, IV-17
Withdrawal of Citation . . . . . . . . . . . . IV-5 to 7, 26, 30
Work Practices (see also Feasible) . . . . . . . . . . . . .IV-3
Work-Related Incident. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-20, 21
Worksite
Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . II-25
Multiemployer . . . . . . . . . . . . .II-2, 10, III-28, 31
Writing
Citations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .III-25
OSHA Field Inspection Reference Manual - Table of Contents
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