Personality disorders are long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that cause serious problems with relationships and work. People with personality disorders have difficulty dealing with everyday stresses and problems. They often have stormy relationships with other people. The exact cause of personality disorders is unknown. However, genes and childhood experiences may play a role.
Symptoms vary widely depending on the specific type of personality disorder. Treatment usually includes talk therapy and sometimes medicine.
- Personality Disorders(AGS Foundation for Health in Aging) - http://www.healthinaging.org/agingintheknow/chapters_ch_trial.asp?ch=35
- Personality Disorders(Mental Health America) - http://www.nmha.org/go/information/get-info/personality-disorders
- Personality Disorders(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/personality-disorders/DS00562/METHOD=print&DSECTION=all
- Personality Disorders(Merck & Co., Inc.) - http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec07/ch105/ch105a.html
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy(NAMI) - http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=About_Treatments_and_Supports&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=7952
- Psychotherapies for Children and Adolescents(American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry) - http://www.aacap.org/page.ww?name=Psychotherapies+For+Children+And+Adolescents§ion=Facts+for+Families
- Suggested Questions to Ask Before Selecting a Treatment Program(Borderline Personality Disorder Resource Center) - http://www.bpdresourcecenter.org/family.htm
- Antisocial Personality Disorder(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/antisocial-personality-disorder/DS00829/DSECTION=all&METHOD=print
- Borderline Personality Disorder(American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy) - http://www.aamft.org/families/Consumer_Updates/Borderline.asp
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Borderline Personality Disorder: Raising Questions, Finding Answers
(National Institute of Mental Health) - http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/borderline-personality-disorder.shtml
- Dependent Personality Disorder(Cleveland Clinic Foundation) - http://my.clevelandclinic.org/disorders/personality_disorders/hic_dependent_personality_disorder.aspx
- Dissociative Disorders(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/dissociative-disorders/DS00574/DSECTION=all&METHOD=print
- Histrionic Personality Disorder(Cleveland Clinic Foundation) - http://my.clevelandclinic.org/disorders/personality_disorders/hic_histrionic_personality_disorder.aspx
- Narcissistic Personality Disorder(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research) - http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/narcissistic-personality-disorder/DS00652/DSECTION=all&METHOD=print
- Paranoia and Paronoid Disorders(Mental Health America) - http://www.nmha.org/go/information/get-info/paranoia-and-paranoid-disorders
- Schizoid Personality Disorder(Cleveland Clinic Foundation) - http://my.clevelandclinic.org/disorders/personality_disorders/hic_schizoid_personality_disorder.aspx
- Schizotypal Personality Disorder(InteliHealth) - http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/33022.html
- Co-Occurring Disorders(Borderline Personality Disorder Resource Center) - http://www.bpdresourcecenter.org/what_disorders.htm
- Overview of Factitious Disorders(Cleveland Clinic Foundation) - http://my.clevelandclinic.org/disorders/factitious_disorders/hic_an_overview_of_factitious_disorders.aspx
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ClinicalTrials.gov: Antisocial Personality Disorder(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Antisocial+Personality+Disorder%22
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ClinicalTrials.gov: Borderline Personality Disorder(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Borderline+Personality+Disorder%22
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ClinicalTrials.gov: Personality Disorders(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Personality+Disorders%22
References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)
- Article: The rupture and repair of cooperation in borderline personality disorder. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18687957&tool=MedlinePlus
- Article: Psychology. Trust me on this. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18687945&tool=MedlinePlus
- Article: Session-by-session report of low frequency Kleinian psychoanalysis: establishing analytic contact... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18637747&tool=MedlinePlus
- Personality Disorders -- see more articles - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=search&db=pubmed&term=personality+disorders[majr]+AND+english[la]+AND+humans[mh]+NOT+(letter[pt]+OR+editorial[pt]+OR+case+reports[pt])&doptcmdl=summary&cmd_current=Limits&pmfilter_EDatLimit=last+1+Year&tool=MedlinePlus
- Personality Disorders - http://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&binning-state=group%3d%3dMedical%20Encyclopedia&query=Personality+Disorders
- Glossary of Terms (Borderline Personality Disorder)(Borderline Personality Disorder Resource Center) - http://www.bpdresourcecenter.org/what_glossary.htm
- American Psychiatric Association District Branch / State Association Directory(American Psychiatric Association) - http://onlineapa.psych.org/listing/
- Mental Health Services Locator(Center for Mental Health Services) - http://mentalhealth.samhsa.gov/databases/
- National Register of Health Service Providers in Psychology - http://www.nationalregister.com/osd/search.php
- Mental Health America - http://www.nmha.org/
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NAMI - http://www.nami.org/
Also available in Spanish http://www.nami.org/Content/NavigationMenu/Inform_Yourself/NAMI_en_español/NAMI_en_español.htm
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National Institute of Mental Health - http://www.nimh.nih.gov/
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Numbers Count: Mental Disorders in America(National Institute of Mental Health) - http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/the-numbers-count-mental-disorders-in-america.shtml
- Personality Disorders(AGS Foundation for Health in Aging) - http://www.healthinaging.org/agingintheknow/chapters_ch_trial.asp?ch=35
- Mental Health - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/mentalhealth.html
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/obsessivecompulsivedisorder.html
- Mental Health and Behavior - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/mentalhealthandbehavior.html
The primary NIH organization for research on Personality Disorders is the National Institute of Mental Health - http://www.nimh.nih.gov/