Link to this page

Your search term(s) "nephrotic syndrome" and "children" returned 3 results.

Displaying all search results.

Nephrotic Syndrome in Children. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 122(1): 13-28. July 2005.

Nephrotic syndrome is a common chronic disorder in children, characterized by changes of permselectivity at the glomerular capillary wall in the kidneys, resulting in the inability to restrict the urinary loss of protein. This article reviews nephrotic syndrome in children, including pathogenesis, complications, drug therapy, steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), and outcome. Patients with nephrotic syndrome are at risk for life threatening infections and thromboembolic episodes. Long term effects of persistent hyperlipidemia (high levels of fats in the blood) and prolonged steroid therapy are increasingly recognized. Remission of proteinuria (protein in the urine) following corticosteroid therapy has greater prognostic value, in relation to long term outcome, than does the precise renal history. Prolonged duration of therapy for the child's initial episode results in sustained remission and reduced frequency of relapses. Treatment with levamisole, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil is beneficial in a variable proportion of patients with frequent relapses or steroid dependence. The management of SRNS is difficult; most patients who fail to achieve remission show progressive kidney damage. Reduction of proteinuria is also possible, in children, using ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. 2 figures. 5 tables. 90 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Tacrolimus Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Treatment-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome. Pediatric Nephrology. 19(3): 281-287. March 2004.

This article reports on a retrospective analysis of 16 children started on tacrolimus with various types of treatment-resistant nephrotic syndrome. In the group, there are 13 patients with focal glomerulosclerosis, 1 minimal change disease, and 2 IgA nephropathy with nephrosis. The mean age of the children was 11.4 years (range 3.5 to 18.1 years) with a mean age at diagnosis of 5.6 years (range 1.6 to 13.3 years). All patients initially received prednisone 2 milligrams per kilogram per day. Other therapies for 15 of 16 included cyclosporine (n = 15), chlorambucil (n = 5), mycophenolate mofetil (n = 5), levamisole (n = 3), i.v. methylprednisolone (n = 3), and cyclophosphamide (n = 2). The major indication for the initiation of tacrolimus included treatment resistance or dependence (n = 15) and intolerable side effects from other therapies (n = 1). The average time from the diagnosis to initiation of tacrolimus was 5.3 years. Thirteen patients (81 percent) went into a complete remission within an average of 2 months, with 3 patients relapsing while on treatment. Three patients did not respond. Of these, 2 had partial remissions (13 percent) and 1 failed to respond. Adverse events included anemia (n = 1), seizure (n = 1), worsening or new-onset hypertension (n = 5), and sepsis (n = 1). All patients remained on tacrolimus. The authors conclude that tacrolimus is an effective, well-tolerated medication for treatment-resistant forms of nephrotic syndrome in children, with a complete remission rate of 81 percent and a partial remission rate of 13 percent. 1 figure. 3 tables. 37 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Randomized Study of Two Long-Course Prednisone Regimens for Nephrotic Syndrome in Children. American Journal of Kidney Disease. 41(6): 1155-1162. June 2003.

Long-course prednisolone regimens have been shown to be more effective than short-course regimens in sustaining remission of nephrotic syndrome in children. However, the most beneficial approach among the long-course regimens remains unknown. This article reports on a study of 73 children with new-onset nephrotic syndrome who were allocated at random to two long-course regimens and followed up for 2 years. Group A was administered prednisolone at a daily dose of 60 milligrams per meter squared for 6 weeks, followed by an alternate-day dose of 40 milligrams per meter squared for 6 weeks (the long daily regimen). Group B was administered the same daily dose for 4 weeks, followed by an alternate day dose for 4 weeks, then a tapering dosage (the long alternate-day regimen). Results showed that group B had a lower incidence of corticosteroid toxicities than group A during the initial treatment. In a subgroup of younger children, group B had a greater rate of sustained remission and fewer children with frequent relapses than group A, whereas in older children, both groups had similar good sustained remission rates. 5 figures. 6 tables. 16 references.

Full Record   Printer Friendly Version

Displaying all search results.

Start a new search.